The High Dose Rate Radiolysis of H2S: Sulfur as an Electron Scavenger

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1228-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Boyd ◽  
C. Willis ◽  
O. A. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Electron Attachment ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
Gaseous Hydrogen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Attachment Rate ◽  
Electron Scavenger

The radiolysis of gaseous hydrogen sulfide has been studied in the presence of added sulfur at 200–250 °C. At 2 × 1027 eV g−1 s−1 sulfur reduces the hydrogen yield from G(H2) = 12.0 ± 0.3 to G(H2) = 7.3 ± 0.3. This reduction in yield appears to be due to electron attachment by the sulfur thereby suppressing formation of hydrogen from dissociative neutralization. Assuming the sulfur is S8 we estimate the attachment rate of electrons to sulfur to be about 1 × 1014 M−1 s−1.At 25 °C the reduction in the H2 yield at 2 × 1027 eV g−1 s−1 with increasing dose appears to be due to polysulfanes rather than radiolytic sulfur.Over the range of 1026 – 1028 eV g−1 s−1 the H2 yield increases from G(H2) = 11 to G(H2) = 13. Mechanisms to account for this increase are discussed.

A Positive-Ion Reaction Mechanism for the Radiation Induced Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide in the High Dose Rate Radiolysis of CO–O2 Mixtures

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (21) ◽  
pp. 3508-3514 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Willis ◽  
A. W. Boyd ◽  
P. E. Bindner
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Total Oxygen ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Electron Scavenger ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Positive Ion

Carbon dioxide and ozone yields have been measured in the irradiation of CO–O2 mixtures with single pulses of electrons. The yields of CO2 at 2 × 1027 ev g−1 s−1 are large G(CO2) = 15 ± 1 from 20–60% O2. These decrease by ∼50% at 1028 eV g−1 s−1. Although the results are somewhat irreproducible the addition of c-C4F8, an electron scavenger, increases these CO2 yields at both dose rates by up to a factor of 15. They are reduced to G(CO2) < 2 by the addition of positive ion scavengers. These results are consistent with a chain reaction similar to that proposed for low dose rate studies involving [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] as chain carriers.The ozone yields are consistent with a total oxygen atom yield of G(O) = 1.4 in pure CO from neutral processes.

NCS Report 7: Recommendations for the calibration of Iridium-192 high dose rate sources

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L.M. Venselaar ◽  
A.H.L. Aalbers ◽  
W.F.M. Brouwer ◽  
H. Meertens ◽  
J.J. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Iridium 192
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