Conductance and Conductometric Titrations of Picric Acid in Sulfolane at 30°

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. P. Eller ◽  
Joseph A. Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Picric Acid ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Complex Solution ◽  
Solution Equilibria ◽  
Equivalent Conductance ◽  
Effect Of Water

Conductance of picric acid solutions in sulfolane resembles the behavior seen in several other aprotic solvents and is suggestive of complex solution equilibria. The effect of water on equivalent conductance of picric acid is large for concentrations greater than about 0.3 M. Picric acid behaves as a weak acid in conductometric titrations.

Effect of Water on the Behaviour of Lithium and Superoxide Ions in Aprotic Solvents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Sivakov ◽  
Sergey Pavlov ◽  
Vladimir Smirnov ◽  
Sergey A. Kislenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Practical Performance ◽  
Air Battery

The aprotic lithium-air battery is a promising candidate for the next-generation energy storage system, but its practical performance is still low. The addition of water to an electrolyte can substantially...

The Interaction between Copper and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Solutions in the Presence of Air

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
BD Cuming ◽  
JH Schulman
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Copper Powder ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Solution Equilibria

The interaction of oxide-covered copper powder with solutions of sodium dodecyl sulphate has been studied as a function of pH. In acid solutions copper ions dissolve from the oxide layer, the pH rises, and dodecyl sulphate is precipitated, probably as the basic cupric salt. If the final pH is greater than about 4, adsorption of dodecyl sulphate also occurs. There is a range of pH (6-8.5 under the conditions used) where precipitation is negligible or does not occur, but where adsorption is strong. Above this range, adsorption becomes weaker, and at high pH there is little or no reaction. The pH limits for these phenomena will vary with the dodecyl sulphate concentrations and with other conditions. The results are analysed in terms of the interfacial and solution equilibria in the system.

The Ionization of Picric Acid in Ethanol–Sulfolane and t-Butyl Alcohol – Sulfolane Mixtures at 30 °C

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1651-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Castagnolo ◽  
Angelo De Giglio ◽  
Angelo Dell'atti ◽  
Giuseppe Petrella
Keyword(s):  
Association Constant ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Preferential Solvation ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Solvent Composition ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Simple Dissociation

Dissociation constants at 30 °C of picric acid have been determined by a spectrophotometric method in ethanol–sulfolane and t-butyl alcohol – sulfolane mixtures over the entire solvent composition range. Picric acid behaves as a weak acid in all mixtures. In pure sulfolane, picric acid undergoes simple dissociation for c < 0.08 M (pKHPI = 7.6). At concentrations higher than 0.08 M more complex equilibria have been observed and interpreted assuming Pi(HPi)2− as the principal picrate species in solution. Complex behavior of dependence of association constant on solvent composition was observed; in both solvent mixtures as sociation of picric acid decreases with decrease of dielectric constant. This behavior was discussed in terms of preferential solvation of picric acid by alcohols, the more basic components of the mixtures. A reaction mechanism of four alcohol molecules with one acid molecule accounts for the behavior observed.

Modelling complex solution equilibria. II. Systems involving ligand substitutions and uncertainties in equilibrium constants derived from formation constants

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2208-2211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre G. Potvin
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Ligand Substitution ◽  
Complex Solution ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Solution Equilibria

A general formalism is presented that expresses equilibrium constants K as combinations of pseudo-formation constants ψ. For equilibria involving complexes as reactants that undergo ligand substitutions, this formalism allows a reduction in the number of equations needed to model the system for faster calculation of species concentrations and refinement of unknown parameters. Gauss–Newton refinement of log ψ parameters is shown to be equivalent to that of log K parameters. Equations are developed for the calculation of uncertainties in log K and correlation coefficients between them from the corresponding values obtained for log ψ parameters. These equations can also be used to calculate the same quantities for constants (such as Ka's) derived from true formation constants. Keywords: Gauss–Newton, ligand substitution, equilibrium constants, formation constants.

scholarly journals Paired electrolysis for simultaneous electrochemical water softening and production of weak acid solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Sanjuán ◽  
Vicente García-García ◽  
Eduardo Expósito ◽  
Vicente Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Weak Acid ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Water Softening
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document