Aqueous Nonelectrolyte Solutions. Part VIII. Deuterium and Hydrogen Sulfides Solubilities in Deuterium Oxide and Water

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. W. Clarke ◽  
D. N. Glew
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Standard Thermodynamic Function ◽  
New Apparatus ◽  
Nonelectrolyte Solutions

A new apparatus is described in which the solubility of deuterium sulfide in deuterium oxide and of hydrogen sulfide in water have been determined with 0.1 % accuracy between 0 and 50 °C. Solubility equations are derived and the solubility standard thermodynamic function changes, together with their standard errors, are tabluated. Equal solubilities would occur at −1 °C. The solubility of hydrogen sulfide in water is greater than for deuterium sulfide in deuterium oxide, the solubility difference increases to a maximum at 40 °C and thence decreases at higher temperatures.

Deuterium and hydrogen sulfides: vapor pressures, molar volumes, and thermodynamic properties

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. W. Clarke ◽  
D. N. Glew
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Sulfide Liquid ◽  
Standard Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Enthalpy Changes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An apparatus is described in which deuterium and hydrogen sulfides have been prepared by the hydrolysis of aluminum sulfide. Liquid densities have been determined at −79 °C and give the molar volumes 34.811 ± 0.003 cm3 for deuterium sulfide and 34.711 ± 0.003 for hydrogen sulfide. Vapor pressures of deuterium and hydrogen sulfides have been determined at −78 °C in a quartz–metal apparatus, and in the range −30 to +30 °C in a stainless steel apparatus. Equations are derived for the deuterium and hydrogen sulfide vapor pressures and for their ratio. An isotopic vapor pressure cross-over point is found at −48 °C, above which deuterium sulfide is more volatile than hydrogen sulfide. Gas and liquid molar volumes and enthalpy changes are evaluated for liquid vaporization at saturation. The deuterium and hydrogen sulfide vaporization standard thermodynamic function changes and their errors, together with the isotopic differences for these functions and their errors, are tabulated between −80 and +50°C.

The thermodynamics of the ionization of 3-hydroxypyridine and pyridoxine in water–dioxane mixtures

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1635-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador B. Asensio ◽  
Enrique Lopez-Cantarero ◽  
Juan Llor
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Tautomeric Equilibrium ◽  
Potentiometric Method ◽  
Standard Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Ionization Processes

A potentiometric method has been used to determine the thermodynamic equilibrium constants for the macroscopic ionization processes of 3-hydroxypyridine and pyridoxine in water–dioxane mixtures (0–70% weight fraction in dioxane) at temperatures from 10 to 50 °C. From these data the reaction standard thermodynamic function changes were obtained for the processes in various water–dioxane mixtures at 25 °C. It was found, in both molecules, that during the first ionization process the contributions of entropy and enthalpy to free energy are similar but that during the second ionization the main contribution comes from entropy, especially in mixtures with a high dioxane content. The effect of the solvent on the tautomeric equilibrium in the net zero charge specie could explain this behaviour.

scholarly journals Solubility of water in vinyl chloride

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Colin Clarke ◽  
David N. Glew ◽  
Denis J. Maisonneuve
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Standard Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Absorption Method ◽  
Temperature Range

The solubility of water in liquid vinyl chloride has been measured over the temperature range −17° to 60 °C by a classical water absorption method. Solubility equations for water in vinyl chloride have been derived and the standard thermodynamic function changes for water transfer have been evaluated.

scholarly journals Liquid–vapour equilibria of the methyl esters of alkanoic acids: vapour pressures as a function of temperature and standard thermodynamic function changes

2002 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aad C.G. van Genderen ◽  
J.Cees van Miltenburg ◽  
Jacobus G. Blok ◽  
Mark J. van Bommel ◽  
Paul J. van Ekeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Standard Thermodynamic Function ◽  
Alkanoic Acids

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide sulfhydrates IKKβ at cysteine 179 to control pulmonary artery endothelial cell inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (20) ◽  
pp. 2045-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Zhang ◽  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
Siyao Chen ◽  
Selena Chen ◽  
Wen Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cell

Abstract Background: Pulmonary artery endothelial cell (PAEC) inflammation is a critical event in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the pathogenesis of PAEC inflammation remains unclear. Methods: Purified recombinant human inhibitor of κB kinase subunit β (IKKβ) protein, human PAECs and monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats were employed in the study. Site-directed mutagenesis, gene knockdown or overexpression were conducted to manipulate the expression or activity of a target protein. Results: We showed that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) inhibited IKKβ activation in the cell model of human PAEC inflammation induced by monocrotaline pyrrole-stimulation or knockdown of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), an H2S generating enzyme. Mechanistically, H2S was proved to inhibit IKKβ activity directly via sulfhydrating IKKβ at cysteinyl residue 179 (C179) in purified recombinant IKKβ protein in vitro, whereas thiol reductant dithiothreitol (DTT) reversed H2S-induced IKKβ inactivation. Furthermore, to demonstrate the significance of IKKβ sulfhydration by H2S in the development of PAEC inflammation, we mutated C179 to serine (C179S) in IKKβ. In purified IKKβ protein, C179S mutation of IKKβ abolished H2S-induced IKKβ sulfhydration and the subsequent IKKβ inactivation. In human PAECs, C179S mutation of IKKβ blocked H2S-inhibited IKKβ activation and PAEC inflammatory response. In pulmonary hypertensive rats, C179S mutation of IKKβ abolished the inhibitory effect of H2S on IKKβ activation and pulmonary vascular inflammation and remodeling. Conclusion: Collectively, our in vivo and in vitro findings demonstrated, for the first time, that endogenous H2S directly inactivated IKKβ via sulfhydrating IKKβ at Cys179 to inhibit nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway activation and thereby control PAEC inflammation in PAH.

New Apparatus for Preserving Beer

1876 ◽  
Vol 1 (4supp) ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
Louis Weinmar
Keyword(s):  
New Apparatus
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