A(1,3) interaction and conformational energy of axial–axial 1,3-dimethyl interaction

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (17) ◽  
pp. 2821-2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chow ◽  
C. J. Colón ◽  
J. N. S. Tam
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Conformational Energy ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Kcal Mole ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Free Energy Of Activation ◽  
C And N ◽  
Derivatives Of

A(1,3) type strain was demonstrated directly from the nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the acyl and nitroso derivatives of 2-methylpiperidine (2 series) and 2,6-cis-dimethylpiperidine (1 series). In these two series, the bulky 2-methyl groups are forced to assume the axial conformation due to a severe A(1,3) interaction in the equatorial conformation. The free energy of activation (ΔG*) for the internal rotation around the N—C and N—N bonds in 1a–1g was determined. The comparison of these (ΔG*) values with those of the corresponding derivatives of dimethylamine indicates the decreases are in the range of 3.6–4.7 kcal/mole which is in fair agreement with the conformational energy of 1,3-diaxial CH3/CH3 interaction. An argument was presented to show that this interaction energy corresponds to the decrease of ΔG* in 1a-1g.

13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Organometallic Compounds. IV. cis-Dimethylplatinum(II) Derivatives

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Charles Clark ◽  
Leo Ernest Manzer ◽  
John Edward Henry Ward
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Organometallic Compounds ◽  
Methyl Groups ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Trans Influence ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Data derived from the 13C n.m.r. spectra of seven neutral cis-dimethylplatinum(II) derivatives of the type cis-(CH3)2PtL2 and cis-(CH3)2Pt(L—L) (where L and L—L are neutral donors) are discussed and compared with data derived from the 1H n.m.r. spectra of the complexes. Simultaneous variations in L or L—L reveal that the n.m.r. trans-influence rather than the n.m.r. cis-influence is dominant. The suggestion that the n.m.r. cis- and trans-influences may be additive is discussed. In contrast with data obtained by other workers, it is shown that the 1JCH values of the platinum methyl groups are essentially insensitive to variations in the remaining ligands.

Strongly hindered rotation in α,α,2,6-terrachlorotoluene. Stereospecific five-bond coupling. Hyperconjugative contributions to long-range sidechain-ring proton coupling constants

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2187-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schaefer ◽  
R. Schwenk ◽  
C. J. Macdonald ◽  
W. F. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Resonance Spectrum ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Proton Resonance ◽  
Kcal Mole ◽  
Hindered Rotation ◽  
Ring Proton ◽  
Meta Position ◽  
Proton Coupling ◽  
Free Energy Of Activation

At −40 °C the C—H bond of the dichloromethyl group of α,α,2,6-tetrachlorotoluene lies in the plane of the ring. The proton resonance spectrum demonstrates a stereospecific five-bond coupling between the C—H proton and the ring proton in the meta position. The coupling to the para proton is essentially zero as expected from a hyperconjugative mechanism. The free energy of activation of rotation of the dichloromethyl group is about 15 kcal/mole at 25 °C.

The crystal structure of ethyl-Z-3-amino-2-benzoyl-2-butenoate and measurement of the barrier to E,Z-isomerization

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (17) ◽  
pp. 1821-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary D. Fallon ◽  
Bryan M. Gatehouse ◽  
Allan Pring ◽  
Ian D. Rae ◽  
Josephine A. Weigold
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Energy Of Activation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Free Energy Of Activation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Ethyl-3-amino-2-benzoyl-2-butenoate crystallizes from pentane as either the E (mp 82–84 °C) or the Z-isomer (mp 95.5–96.5 °C). The E isomer is less stable, and changes spontaneously into the Z, which bas been identified by X-ray crystallography. The structure is characterised by an N–H/ester CO hydrogen bond and a very long C2—C3 bond (1.39 Å). Nuclear magnetic resonance methods have been used to measure the rate of [Formula: see text] isomerization at several temperatures, leading to the estimate that the free energy of activation at 268 K is 56 ± 8 kJ.

29Si-Kernresonanzuntersuchungen an N-Trimethylsilyl-substituierten Aminen und Amiden / 29Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies on N-Trimethylsilyl Derivatives of Amines and Amides

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Heinz ◽  
H. C. Marsmann ◽  
U. Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Electronic Charge ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Basic Character ◽  
Silyl Derivatives ◽  
Trimethylsilyl Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

The 29Si chemical shifts of several trimethyl silyl derivatives of amines and amides are measured and compared to other chemical and theoretical properties such as the basicities or the electronic charge on the nitrogen or the hydrogen of the N-H group of the amine or the amide. Whereas the 29Si chemical shift of saturated amines can be rationalized in terms of substituent effects, the shifts of aromatic amines show some dependency on the basic character of the amine. There seems to be little correlation between 29Si chemical shifts and electronic charge, but there is a similarity of 29Si with 1H chemical shifts of the NH group, which is interpreted as depending on anisotropy effects.

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