Convenient synthesis of 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-ribose

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1586-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Sowa
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
Convenient Synthesis ◽  
Sugar Derivative

3-Amino-3-deoxy-D-ribose and D-ribose were prepared from a derivative of D-xylose. 1,2-O-Isopropylidene-5-O-triphenylmethyl-α-D-xylofuranose (2) was oxidized by dimethyl sulfoxide – acetic anhydride to 1,2-O-isopropylidene-5-O-triphenylmethyl-α-D-erythro-pentofuranos-3-ulose (3). The oxime (4) of this 3-keto sugar derivative was reduced with lithium aluminium hydride to 3-amino-3-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-5-O-triphenylmethyl-α-D-ribofuranose (5), isolated as the acetamido derivative (6). Hydrolysis yielded 3-amino-3-deoxy-D-ribose hydrochloride. 3 was reduced by sodium borohydride to 1,2-O-isopropylidene-5-O-triphenylmethyl-α-D-ribofuranose (7), which yielded D-ribose on hydrolysis.

Convenient Synthesis of (Z)-7- and (E)-9-dodecene-1-yl Acetate, Components of Some Lepidoptera Insect Sex Pheromone

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Adriana Maria Andreica ◽  
Lucia Gansca ◽  
Irina Ciotlaus ◽  
Ioan Oprean
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Coupling Scheme ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Terminal Alkyne ◽  
Mercury Derivative ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
Convenient Synthesis ◽  
Practical Synthesis ◽  
Insect Sex

Were developed new and practical synthesis of (Z)-7-dodecene-1-yl acetate and (E)-9-dodecene-1-yl acetate. The routes involve, as the key step, the use of the mercury derivative of the terminal-alkyne w-functionalised as intermediate. The synthesis of (Z)-7-dodecene-1-yl acetate was based on a C6+C2=C8 and C8+C4=C12 coupling scheme, starting from 1,6-hexane-diol. The first coupling reaction took place between 1-tert-butoxy-6-bromo-hexane and lithium acetylide-ethylendiamine complex obtaining 1-tert-butoxy-oct-7-yne, which is transformed in di[tert-butoxy-oct-7-yne]mercury. The mercury derivative was directly lithiated and then alkylated with 1-bromobutane obtaining 1-tert-butoxy-dodec-7-yne. After acetylation and reduction with lithium aluminium hydride of 7-dodecyne-1-yl acetate gave (Z)-7-dodecene-1-yl acetate with 96 % purity. The synthesis of (E)-9-dodecene-1-yl acetate was based on a C8+C2=C10 and C10+C2=C12 coupling scheme, starting from 1,8-octane-diol. The first coupling reaction took place between 1-tert-butoxy-8-bromo-octane and lithium acetylide-ethylendiamine complex obtaining 1-tert-butoxy-dec-9-yne, which is transformed in di[tert-butoxy-dec-9-yne]mercury. The mercury derivative was directly lithiated and then alkylated with 1-bromoethane obtaining 1-tert-butoxy-dodec-9-yne. After reduction with lithium aluminium hydride of 1-tert-butoxy-(E)-9-dodecene and acetylation was obtained (E)-9-dodecene-1-yl acetate with 97 % purity.

Flavan derivatives. XXIII. Preparation and synthetic applications of Flav-3-enes

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Clark-Lewis ◽  
RW Jemison
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Acidic Medium ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Lower Field ◽  
Field Characteristic ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
New Synthesis

2'-Hydroxychalcones and α-alkoxy-2'-hydroxychalcones are converted by sodium borohydride in isopropanol into flav-3-enes and 3-alkoxyflav-3-enes in the convenient new synthesis which makes these flavenes readily available. Catalytic reduction of the flavenes gives the corresponding flavans or 3-alkoxyflavans in high yield, and the latter are obtained mainly in the 2,s-cis-form. The flavenes immediately give flavs lium cations in the cold when treated with acids in air, and oxidation of 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflav-3-ene with benzoquinone in an acidic medium gave the flavylium salt, isolated as the ferrichloride. Reduction of 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxy-flavylium chloride with lithium aluminium hydride gave 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxy-flav-2-ene identical with the flavene obtained from (-)-epicatechin tetramethyl ether, and confirms an earlier investigation by Gramshaw, Johnson, and King. In its N.M.R. spectrum the heterocyclic-ring protons of this flav-2-ene give an ABX multiplet which is easily distinguished from the ABX multiplet at much lower field characteristic of flav-3-enes.

Reaction of 3,4a-disubstituted 4,4-dimethyl-5,6β-epoxy-A-homo-5β-cholestane derivatives with reducing agents

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2457-2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Velgová ◽  
Jaroslav Zajíček
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Reducing Agents ◽  
Epoxide Ring ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Epoxy Alcohols

Reaction of all stereoisomeric 3-acetoxy-4,4-dimethyl-5,6β-epoxy-A-homo-5β-cholestan-4a-ols I-IV with lithium aluminium hydride and reduction of 3-acetoxy-4,4-dimethyl-5,6β-epoxy-A-homo-5β-cholestan-4a-ones XXII and XXIII with sodium borohydride were studied. It was found that reductive opening of the 5β,6β-epoxide ring occured only in the case of the derivatives III and IV due to 5(O)n participation of the 3α-oxygen-containing substituent under formation of the transannular 3α,5α-epoxides VIII and IX, resp. On reduction of the 4a-keto epoxides XXII and XXIII with sodium borohydride the trans-epoxy alcohols III and I were formed. On the basis of 1H NMR data the conformation of the A-ring in the epoxides I-IV, XXII, and XXIII is also discussed.

Synthesis and stereochemistry of 1-Thiaflavan-4-ols

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
GF Katekar
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Lithium Aluminium

Lithium aluminium hydride or sodium borohydride reduced 1-thiaflavanone, 6-methyl-1-thiaflavanone, and 4'-chloro-1-thiaflavanone to the corresponding 2,4-cis-1-thiaflavan-4-ols. Deamination of 2,4-cis-4-amino-1-thiaflavans with nitrous acid gave rise to the 2,4-trans-1-thiaflavan-4-ols. N.m.r. measurements were used to determine the stereochemistry of these compounds.

Utilization of 1,6-anhydrohexoses for the preparation of some aliphatic adenosine analogs

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2753-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Krečmerová ◽  
Miloslav Černý ◽  
Miloš Buděšínský ◽  
Antonín Holý
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Dilute Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Subsequent Reduction ◽  
Adenosine Analogs ◽  
Lithium Aluminium

Reaction of sodium salt of adenine with 1,6:3,4-dianhydro-2-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-β-D-galactopyranose (I) afforded 4-(adenin-9-yl)-1,6:2,3-dianhydro-4-deoxy-β-D-mannopyranose (II) and 2,4-bis(adenin-9-yl)-1,6-anhydro-2,4-dideoxy-β-D-glucopyranose (IV). Compound II was converted into 4-(adenin-9-yl)-1,6-anhydro-4-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranose (VI). Cleavage of the 1,6-anhydro bond in this compound with hot concentrated hydrochloric acid led to 4-(adenin-9-yl)-4-deoxy-D-glucose (VIII) which was reduced with sodium borohydride to give 4-(adenin-9-yl)-4-deoxy-D-glucitol (IX). Epoxide II was reduced with lithium aluminium hydride and the obtained 4-(adenin-9-yl)-1,6-anhydro-2,4-dideoxy-β-D-arabinohexopyranose (VII) on treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid and subsequent reduction with sodium borohydride gave 4-(adenin-9-yl)-2,4-dideoxy-D-arabino-hexitol (XI).

Aminodideoxy sugars. Methyl 3-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-arabino-hexopyranoside and methyl 2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-ribo-hexopyranoside

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
pp. 2747-2750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Rosenthal ◽  
P. Catsoulacos
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Aqueous Acetic Acid ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Parallel Reaction ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
Methyl Sulfoxide ◽  
A Minor

Oxidation of methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-3-deoxy-α-D-arabino-hexopyranoside (2) with methyl sulfoxide and acetic anhydride yielded methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-3-deoxy-α-D-erythro-hexopyranosid-2-ulose (3) in an 80% yield. Reduction of the oximino derivative of 3 with lithium aluminium hydride in tetrahydrofuran or with diborane afforded, after acetylation, methyl 2-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-ribo-hexopyranoside (6) in a 44% yield. The latter was also debenzylidenated with aqueous acetic acid. In a parallel reaction, methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-dideoxy-3-oximino-α-D-erythro-hexopyranoside yielded mainly methyl 3-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-arabino- (and a minor amount of the ribo-epimer)-hexopyranoside.

Flavan Derivatives. VII. The Stereochemical Course of the Synthesis of 2,3-cis-Flavan-3,4-trans-diol Diacetates, and the 2,4-cis-Stereochemistry of Flavan-4β-ols

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Clark-Lewis ◽  
TM Spotswood ◽  
LR Williams
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Potassium Acetate ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Lithium Aluminium

Lithium aluminium hydride reduces 2,3-trans-3-bromo-4'-methoxy-6-methyl-flavanone to 2,3-trans-3,4-trans-3-bromo-4'-methoxy-methylflvan-4-ol which is converted by acetic anhydride-potassium acetate into 3,4-trans-diacetoxy-4'-methoxy-6-methyl-2,3-cis-flavan. Similar reactions with the 3',4'-dimethoxy analogue give 3,4-trans-diacetoxy-3',4'-dimethoxy-6-methyl-2,3-cis-flavan. The corresponding cis-bromoflavanones are reduced to 2,3-cis-3,4-cis-3-bromoflavan-4-ols.

Flavan derivatives. XII. Conversion of Flavan-3,4-cis-diols into trans-Diacetates, and a new route to 3,4-trans-Diacetoxy-2,3-cis-flavans

1965 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
JW Clark-Lewis ◽  
LR Williams
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acetic Anhydride ◽  
Bromine Atom ◽  
Potassium Acetate ◽  
Reductive Dehalogenation ◽  
Lithium Aluminium Hydride ◽  
Lithium Aluminium ◽  
Convenient Route ◽  
In Cis

Reaction of trans-trans-3-bromoflavan-4-ols with ethanolic potassium acetate is shown to lead to 2,3-cis-3,4-trans-4-ethoxy- and -4-acetoxy-flavan-3-ols, as well as to 2,3-cis-flavan-3,4-trans-diols. Flavan-3,4-cis-diols are converted into 3,4-trans-diacetates by acetylation with a mixture of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and potassium acetate. cis-cis-Flavan-3,4-diols are thus converted into 3,4-trans-diacetoxy-2,3-cis-flavans, and 2,3-trans-flavan-3,4-cis-diols give trans-trans-diacetates. Epimerization of cis-cis-glycols to cis-trans-diacetates provides the most convenient route to 3,4-trans-3',4'-dimethoxy-6-methyl-2,3-cis-flavan, and to the corresponding 4'-methoxy analogue, and reduction with lithium aluminium hydride then gives the 2,3-cis-flavan-3,4-trans-diols. 3',4'-Dimethoxy-6-methyl-2,3-cis-flavan-3,4-trans-diol prepared in this way was converted into the corresponding carbonate, which is the first example of a 2,3-cis-3,4-trans-carbonate and completes the set of the four possible racemates in this series. The bromine atom is unreactive in cis-cis-3-bromo-3',4'- dimethoxy-6-methylflavan, but reductive dehalogenation with lithium aluminium hydride gave the ,β-flavan-4-ol (2,4-cis).

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