ISOBENZOFURANE, A TRANSIENT INTERMEDIATE

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1599-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis F. Fieser ◽  
Makhluf J. Haddadin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Independent Synthesis ◽  
Trapping Agent ◽  
Transient Intermediate

A study of Diels–Alder reactions of tetraphenylcyclopentadienone (II) coupled with development of two improved procedures for the generation of benzyne, one of which affords a practical route to the reactive dienophile 1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-endo-oxide (Ia), led to an investigation of the reaction of Ia and II. At 80° these reactants combine readily to give the adduct IIIa, which is cleaved on pyrolysis to isobenzofurane VIIIa and 1,2,3,4-tetraphenylbenzene (IX). The transient existence of isobenzofurane (VIIIa) was established by trapping it with the 1,4-endo-oxide Ia and isolation of the adducts X and XI. In confirmation of the interpretation, X and XI were obtained by independent synthesis from the adduct Va from Ia and α-pyrone and thermal decomposition of Va in the presence of Ia as trapping agent. Parallel experiments with 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-endo-oxide, as well as mixed additions, supported the interpretations advanced. Evidence is presented to show that isobenzofurane (VIIIa) invariably adds exo to the bicyclic dienophile.

A synthesis and some reactions of 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Moursounidis ◽  
D Wege
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Reaction Proceeds ◽  
Atom Migration ◽  
Acyl Azide ◽  
Mild Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Diels-Alder reaction between furan and α-chloroacrylonitrile gives a mixture of exo-2-chloro-and endo-2-chloro-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carbonitrile (4) and (5). Mild hydrolysis affords the corresponding α-chloro acid mixture, from which the endo carboxylic acid may be removed through iodo lactone formation. Catalytic hydrogenation of (4) and (5) followed by hydrolysis, acyl azide formation, Curtius rearrangement, and hydrolysis of the resulting mixture of a-chloro isocyanates yields 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.l]heptan-2-one (1) in preparatively useful amounts. Reduction of (1) gives only endo alcohol, and Baeyer-Villiger reaction proceeds with exclusive bridgehead atom migration. Thermal decomposition of the sodium salt of the p-toluenesulfonylhydrazone of (1) affords 7-oxatricyclo[2.2.1 .02,6]heptane.

4-Aryl-3-substituted Furans

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2721-2726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarmila Štetinová ◽  
Ján Leško ◽  
Miloslava Dandárová ◽  
Rudolf Kada ◽  
Roman Koreň
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Triple Bond ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Substituted Furans

4-Aryl-3-substituted furans IIIa - IIId were prepared by Diels Alder reaction of 4-phenyloxazole (I) with compounds IIa - IId, containing an activated triple bond, and subsequent thermal decomposition of the cycloadduct.

Dihydrothiophenes.10. The preparation and Diels–Alder reactions of some sulfur and phosphorus-substituted dienophiles and 2-aza-substituted 1,3-dienes

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2089-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. McIntosh ◽  
Lilianna Z. Pillon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Conjugated Dienes ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction

The use of 3-carboxylated 2,5-dihydrothiophenes as the dienophilic component of the Diels–Alder reaction has been investigated. The yields are generally quite low. The formation of conjugated dienes that are aminated at an interior position of the conjugated chain by formation and thermal decomposition of 3-acetamido-2,5-dihydrothiophenes appears to be a viable route to these useful compounds. One example of the Diels–Alder reaction of 2-carboxylated diethyl vinylphosphonates is reported.

The synthesis, isomerization and stability of some enol-lactones

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
IR Doyle ◽  
RA Massy-Westropp
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Wittig Reaction ◽  
Alder Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Kinetic Control ◽  
Relative Stabilities ◽  
Diels Alder Reaction ◽  
Wittig Reactions

The photoisomerization of enol-lactones is described. Thermal decomposition of (E) and (Z) ethyl 3-oxo-1,3,3aβ,4α,7α,7aβ-hexahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofran-1-yideneacetates provides a good route to (E) and (Z) ethyl 5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-ylideneacetates. Other examples of this retro-Diels-Alder reaction are reported. The relative stabilities of (E) and (Z) enol-lactones from the Wittig reaction between substituted succinic anhydrides and ethoxycarbonylmethylenetriphenylphosphorane have been determined. These Wittig reactions are under kinetic control.

New Thermal and Photochemical Routes to Dewar Furan and Other Isomers on the C4H4O Energy Surface: the Role of Isobenzofuran as a Trapping Agent

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Warrener ◽  
IG Pitt ◽  
RA Russell
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Energy Surface ◽  
Thermal Study ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Vacuum Pyrolysis ◽  
Benzene Oxide ◽  
Trapping Agent

Photolysis of the specially synthesized substrate (39) leads to quantitative fragmentation into the phthalimide (56) and Dewar furan (4a). Dewar furan has only transient existence even at -65°, yet can be trapped effectively with isobenzofuran but not furan. Rapid isomerization to cycloprop-2-enecarbaldehyde (57) occurs at the photolysis temperatures and this product is also trapped by the isobenzofuran . In the absence of trapping agent, photolysis of (39) produces some furan but no 1H n.m.r . evidence can be obtained for (4a) or (57), even at low temperatures (-85°). Separate irradiation of (57) causes extensive polymerization, without yielding other recognizable products. Furan is concluded, therefore, to arise from photoisomerization of (4a) rather than photochemical or thermal isomerization of (57). Separate thermal study of (57) shows that isomerization to furan only occurs above 420°. Flash vacuum pyrolysis of the polycyclic epoxide (72) provides a new retro- Diels-Alder route to (57) which likely proceeds via (4a) as an intermediate. At high temperatures (57) is isomerized to furan. A new Dewar benzene oxide (41) and Dewar benzene (45) are reported en route to the photosubstrates (39) and (50) respectively. Photolysis of (50) provides a high-yielding source of cyclobutadiene , which in the absence of trapping agent yields the syn-dimer (59).

Diels–Alder reactions of activated 2H-thiopyrans

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1487-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale E. Ward ◽  
Yuanzhu Gai ◽  
Wajdi M. Zoghaib
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Approximate Order

The Diels–Alder reactivity of various 2H-thiopyrans bearing electron-donating substituents has been investigated. The approximate order of reactivity among the 2H-thiopyrans studied was 4,6-disubstituted [Formula: see text] 5-substituted > 4-substituted, 3,5-disubstituted [Formula: see text] 3-substituted. Good yields of predominantly endo adducts are obtained with reactive dienophiles. With less reactive dienophiles, reactions are much slower and yields are attenuated due to the competing thermal decomposition of the dienes under the reaction conditions. The adducts obtained are equivalent (via desulfurization) to those from unreactive cis-substituted dienes. Key words: Diels–Alder, 2H-thiopyran.

Retro-Diels-Alder Reactions. II.1Gas-Phase Thermal Decomposition of Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene

1964 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 2016-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Herndon ◽  
William B. Cooper ◽  
Melissa J. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Diels Alder
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