THE RADIOLYSIS OF SOME ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Woods ◽  
J. W. T. Spinks
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Organic Halogen ◽  
Halogen Compounds ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Saturated Solutions

Dilute aqueous solutions of some halogen-substituted ethanols, acetaldehydes, and acetates have been irradiated with Co60 gamma rays, and the yield of acid products determined. Irradiations were carried out using air-saturated solutions and also solutions from which the air had been displaced by nitrogen or hydrogen. The acid yields are correlated with the structure of the organic compounds.

Tautomeric equilibria and pKa values for 'sulfurous acid' in aqueous solution: a thermodynamic analysis

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Peter Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Sulfurous Acid ◽  
Free Energy Of Formation ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sulfite Ion ◽  
Energy Of Formation

The free energy of formation of dimethyl sulfite in aqueous solution can be calculated as −91.45 ± 0.79 kcal/mol; this calculation required measurement of the solubility of dimethyl sulfite. From this value and the pKa of SO(OH)2, using previously reported methods, the free energy of formation of SO(OH)2 can be calculated to be −129.26 ± 0.89 kcal/mol. Comparison of this value with the value obtained from the free energy of formation of 'sulfurous acid' solutions, calculated from the free energy of formation of sulfite ion and the apparent pKa, values, permits evaluation of the free energy of covalent hydration of SO2 as 1.6 + 1.0 kcal/mol, in agreement with earlier qualitative spectroscopic observations. From the apparent pKa and the anticipated pKa values for the tautomers (SO(OH)2, pK1 = 2.3; HSO2(OH), pK1 = −2.6) it is possible to calculate the free energy change for tautomerization of SO(OH)2 to H—SO2(OH) as +4.5 ± 1.2 kcal/mol. All equilibrium constants required for Scheme 1, describing the species present in dilute aqueous solutions of SO2, have been calculated. In agreement with previous Raman studies the major tautomer of 'bisulfite ion' is calculated to be H—SO3−.

scholarly journals Study of the factors that determine the transfer of water and organic compounds into the gas phase from aqueous solutions in a discharge with a liquid cathode

2021 ◽  
Vol 2100 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
A V Chistolinov ◽  
M A Khromov ◽  
R V Yakushin ◽  
M Kh Gadzhiev ◽  
A S Tyuftyaev
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Current Discharge ◽  
Liquid Cathode ◽  
Direct Current Discharge

Abstract A study was performed to investigate the transfer of organic compounds and water from an aqueous solution to the gas phase under the action of a direct current discharge, in which an aqueous solution that contains organic compounds plays the role of a cathode. The effect of the area of the free surface of a liquid in various reactors, as well as the effect of the stirring mode of a solution near the surface of a liquid on the rate of transfer of water and organic compounds under the action of a discharge of this type, have been investigated. It is shown that a change in the area of the free surface of a liquid has no significant effect on the rate of transfer of water and organic compounds from solution to the gas phase under the action of a direct current discharge with a liquid cathode. It is shown that the stirring mode and the temperature of the solution, on the contrary, have a very significant effect on the rate of nonequilibrium transfer of both water and organic compounds from solution to the gas phase under the action of a discharge with a liquid cathode.

STUDIES ON DICYANOTRIAZOLE: I. THE CONDUCTANCE OF DILUTE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF DICYANOTRIAZOLE AT 25 °C.

1942 ◽  
Vol 20b (8) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Dissociation Constant ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Equivalent Conductance ◽  
A Value ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions

Previous experimental studies of dicyanotriazole have resulted in statements that the compound is an acid comparable in strength with the strong mineral acids.In the present work, measurements of the equivalent conductance of dicyanotriazole in dilute aqueous solution give the dissociation constant of the acid as 3.378 × 10−2 at 25 °C., thus showing it to be an acid possessing about the same strength as dichloracetic acid.The limiting equivalent conductance of dicyanotriazole at 25 °C. is 384.9. The earlier work gave a value of 397.44.

Inactivation of biologically active N-methyl-N-nitroso compounds in aqueous solution: effect of various conditions of pH and illumination

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 807-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. McCalla ◽  
Antoon Reuvers ◽  
Ruth Kitai
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nitroso Compounds ◽  
Breakdown Rates ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions

The rates of decomposition of N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NG), N-methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide (MNTS), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, and N-methyl-N-nitrosourethane in dilute aqueous solutions at pH levels ranging from 2 to 9 are tabulated. There are considerable differences in the breakdown rates of these compounds. At low pH, MNTS is destroyed several times faster than any of the other compounds, while at pH 7, MNTS is about 100 times as stable as methylnitrosourea. Rates of photochemical destruction of NG and MNTS are also given. Some of the breakdown products have been identified. These data are used to provide tentative explanations for some apparently anomalous biological results.

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