Medium-sized cyclophanes. Part 53.1 Synthesis and conformational studies, and photoinduced cyclization of syn-[n.2]metacyclophanenes

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1089-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiko Yamato ◽  
Koji Fujita ◽  
Keigo Futatsuki ◽  
Hirohisa Tsuzuki
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Chair Form ◽  
Transannular Cyclization ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Anti Conformer ◽  
Anti Conformation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Mcmurry Reaction

A series of [n.2]metacyclophanenes (3) and (6) were prepared in good yields by a McMurry cyclization of 1,n-bis(3-acetyl-4-methoxyphenyl)alkanes (2) and 1,3-bis(3-formyl-4-methoxyphenyl)propane (5), respectively. Compounds 3b, 3c exist in the syn-conformation due to the steric repulsion between the methyl groups at the ethano bridge and the methoxy groups at the aromatic rings while compound 6 prefers the anti-conformation typical of [3.2]metacyclophanes. The assignment of syn-conformations has been confirmed by 1H NMR analyses and X-ray diffraction studies. Photoinduced transannular cyclization of [n.2]metacyclophanenes (3) and (6) in the presence of iodine as an oxidant afforded phenanthrene-anellated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Apparently, the rate of the photocyclization of anti-6 was found to be much faster than that of syn-3b and almost completed within 1 h. Thus, the different reactivities for the irradiation of syn- and anti-conformer were observed. The reason for the present preference for the formation of trans-dihydrophenanthrene rather than cis-dihydrophenanthrene as the intermediate might be attributable to the more stable chair form transition state than boat one and the conformational fixation to the chair form in the ground and transition state is possible in the anti-conformer.Key words: cyclophanes, strained molecule, McMurry reaction, C—C coupling, conformation analysis, cyclizations, photolysis, transannular reactions, transition states.

Preparation and Crystal Structure of Genistein Benzenesulfonate Prodrugs

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (10) ◽  
pp. 555-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Peng ◽  
Zeyuan Deng ◽  
Shaojie Lang ◽  
Yawei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
High Yield ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ester Prodrugs

In order to improve bioavailability and anticancer activity of genistein, a series of novel sulfonic acid ester prodrugs of the isoflavone genistein were synthesised in high yield with excellent regioselectivity. Their structures were characterised by IR, MS, elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectra. The crystal structure was examined by X-ray diffraction. X-ray structure determination revealed that all the aromatic rings in the compound are not coplanar. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked through intermolecular C-H···O hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to the ab plane.

The crystal and molecular structure of syn-2,11-dithia[3,3]metacyclophane

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (23) ◽  
pp. 3080-3087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Anker ◽  
Gordon W. Bushnell ◽  
Reginald H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Crystal And Molecular Structure ◽  
Fold Axis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anti Conformer ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Methylene Groups ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry

The crystal structure of syn-2,11-dithia[3,3]metacyclophane, C16H16S2, has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction and refined to an R-value of 0.049. The crystal is monoclinic with cell dimensions a = 1898.2(5), b = 795.7(3), c = 924.1(4) pm, β = 100.03°(4). The space group is P21/n with 4 molecules per cell, Dm = 1.34 g cm−3, Dc = 1.317 g cm−3. Of several possible syn conformations, the molecule is found in that with the largest S—S distance of 697.4 pm. The benzenoid rings form a dihedral angle of 20.6°. The distance between the pair of aromatic H atoms which are ortho to two methylene groups is 273.0 pm, with 305.2 pm between the carbon atoms to which they are attached. Small angular distortions are observed at these carbon atoms. Mean bond lengths are: C—S 181.0(12), C—C (aromatic) 138.5(8), C—C (bridge) 151.0(11) pm. Mean bond angles are: C—S—C 104°(1), S—C—C 115.4°(9). The C—C—C angles are in the range 117.9–122.7°. The molecule possesses an approximate (non-crystallographic) 2-fold axis of symmetry passing through the midpoints of C(8)—C(18) and C(4)—C(14). The aromatic rings are planar, with the methylene carbons 5–11 pm out of plane on the sulphur side. The S(1) is 171.8(2) pm from plane 1 and 136.8(2) pm from plane 2, while for S(2) the corresponding values are 136.0(2) and 175.3(2) respectively.1Hmr data have been re-examined and compared with those obtained for other cyclophanes, together with 13Cmr data and are consistent with the fact that in solution 2,11-dithia[3,3]metacyclophane, 1, exists as the syn-conformer with no appreciable participation of the anti-conformer. All related dithia[3,3]metacyclophanes which have internal aryl hydrogens (i.e., no internal substituents) likewise appear to be syn from 1Hmr data.

Reactions of an Aluminium(I) Reagent with 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,5-Dienes: Dearomatisation, Reversibility, and a Pericyclic Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Bakewell ◽  
Martí Garçon ◽  
Richard Y Kong ◽  
Louisa O'Hare ◽  
Andrew J. P. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Transition State ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Aromatic Character ◽  
Pericyclic Reaction

The reactions of an aluminium(I) reagent with a series of 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,5-dienes are reported. In the case of 1,3-dienes the reaction occurs by a pericyclic reaction mechanism, specifically a cheletropic cycloaddition, to form aluminocyclopentene containing products. This mechanism has been interrogated by stereochemical experiments and DFT calculations. The stereochemical experiments show that the (4+1) cycloaddition follows a suprafacial topology, while calculations support a concerted albeit asynchronous pathway in which the transition state demonstrates aromatic character. Remarkably, the substrate scope of the (4+1) cycloaddition includes dienes that are either in part, or entirely, contained within aromatic rings. In these cases, reactions occur with dearomatisation of the substrate and can be reversible. In the case of 1,2- or 1,5-dienes complementary reactivity is observed; the orthogonal nature of the C=C π-bonds (1,2-diene) and the homoconjugated system (1,5-diene) both disfavour a (4+1) cycloaddition. Rather, reaction pathways are determined by an initial (2+1) cycloaddition to form an aluminocyclopropane intermediate which can in turn undergo insertion of a further C=C π-bond leading to complex organometallic products that incorporate fused hydrocarbon rings.

Low Molecular Weight Microfibers with Light Sensing Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-658
Author(s):  
Andrei Bejan ◽  
Dragos Peptanariu ◽  
Bogdan Chiricuta ◽  
Elena Bicu ◽  
Dalila Belei
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Light Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds

Microfibers were obtained from organic low molecular weight compounds based on heteroaromatic and aromatic rings connected by aliphatic spacers. The obtaining of microfibers was proved by scanning electron microscopy. The deciphering of the mechanism of microfiber formation has been elucidated by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy measurements. By exciting with light of different wavelength, florescence microscopy revealed a specific optical response, recommending these materials for light sensing applications.

Preparation, properties and structure of some intermediate nido- and arachno-monocarbaboranes

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 2345-2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Baše ◽  
Bohumil Štíbr ◽  
Jiří Dolanský ◽  
Josef Duben
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Liquid Ammonia ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Starting Compound

The 6-N(CH3)3-6-CB9H11 carbaborane reacts with sodium in liquid ammonia with the formation of 6-CB9H12- which was used as a starting compound for preparing the 4-CB8H14, 9-L-6-CB9H13 (L = (CH3)2S, CH3CN and P(C6H5)3), 1-(η5-C5H5)-1,2-FeCB9H10-, and 2,3-(η5-C5H5)2-2,31-Co2CB9H10- carboranes. The 4-CB8H14 compound was dehydrogenated at 623 K to give 4-(7)-CB8H12 carborane. Base degradation of 6-N(CH3)3-6-CB9H11 in methanol resulted in the formation of 3,4-μ-N(CH3)3CH-B5H10. The structure of all compounds was proposed on the basis of their 11B and 1H NMR spectra and X-ray diffraction was used in the case of the transition metal complexes.

Synthesis and characterization of novel chiral derivatizing agents containing β-keto-anthracene adducts (KAAs) by 1H-NMR: aromatic influence and chiral alcohol absolute configuration determination

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-554
Author(s):  
Neeranuth Intakaew ◽  
Puracheth Rithchumpon ◽  
Chanatkran Prommin ◽  
Saranphong Yimklan ◽  
Nawee Kungwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Chiral Alcohols ◽  
Chiral Alcohol ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Chiral Derivatizing Agents

New chiral derivatizing agents and the effect of aromatic rings were investigated for absolute configuration of chiral alcohols via1H-NMR.

scholarly journals Tautomerisation in 1-(4-Methylphenylazo)naphthalen-2-ol and 2-(4-Methylphenylazo)-4-methylphenol: A Crystallographic and 13C{1H}NMR Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
Wendy I. Cross ◽  
Kevin R. Flower ◽  
Robin G. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Nmr Study ◽  
Acetic Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Equivalent Carbon

The acetic acid esters of 1-(4-methylphenylazo)naphthalen-2-ol 1 and 2-(4-methylphenylazo)-4-methylphenol 3 are prepared and characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies and 13C{1H}NMR spectroscopy; the position of the C(2)13C resonance for the ester is used to predict the position of resonant frequency of the equivalent carbon in the parent alcohols and hence, calculate the position of the azo-hydrazone equilibrium in these compounds.

Tris(dimethylphenylphosphine)ruthenium(0) Complexes of n4-Coordinated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin A. Bennett ◽  
Mark Bown ◽  
David C. R. Hockless
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Geometry ◽  
Crystal Data ◽  
Asymmetric Unit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tertiary Phosphine ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tertiary Phosphines ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
R Value ◽  
Axial Site

From the reaction of [Ru2Cl3(PMe2Ph)6] Cl with the appropriate radical anions, yellow complexes of general formula [Ru(PMe2Ph)3(η4-arene)] [arene = naphthalene (C10H8) (1), anthracene (C14H10) (2), and triphenylene (C18H12) (3)] have been isolated in poor yield and characterized by elemental analysis, n.m.r. (1H, 13C, 31P) spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data: (1), monoclinic, C2/c, a 31.096(8), b 12.012(4), c 17.078(8) Å, β 104.41(3)˚, V 6178(4) Å3, ? 8, refined to final R value of 0.032 with use of 3641 reflections [I > 3σ(I)]; (2), monoclinic, C2/c, a 55.909(4), b 14.348(5), c 17.573(5) Å, β 105.41(1)˚, V 13590(6) Å3, Z 16 (two molecules per asymmetric unit), refined to final R value of 0.049 with use of 7770 reflections [I > 3σ(I)]; (3), mono-clinic, Pn, a 9.377(3), b 12.229(3), c 15.975(3) Å, β 103.51(2)˚, V 1781.2 (7) Å3, Z 2, refined to final R value of 0.026 with use of 2830 reflections [I > 3σ(I)]. In each case, coordination of the zerovalent metal fragment Ru(PMe2Ph)3 to the diene section of one of the terminal rings causes the aromatic molecule to be folded by c. 40˚ at the outer carbon atoms of the diene. The coordination geometry about ruthenium is approximately square pyramidal, with the diene and two tertiary phosphines in the equatorial plane and the remaining tertiary phosphine in the axial site.

Liquid crystalline polyureas with oligo(ethylene glycol) sequences

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Mehdipour-Ataei ◽  
Leila Akbarian-Feizi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Subsequent Reaction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Ft Ir

AbstractA diamine monomer containing ester, amide and ether functional groups was prepared and its polymerization reaction with different diisocyanates to give main chain poly(ester amide ether urea)s was investigated. The monomer was synthesized via reaction of terephthaloyl chloride with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and subsequent reaction of the resulted diacid with 1,8-diamino-3,6-dioxaoctane. The polymers were characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopic method and elemental analysis. The resulting polymers exhibited excellent solubility in polar solvents. Crystallinity of the resulted polymers was evaluated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) method, and they exhibited semi-crystalline patterns. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the polymers determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) were in the range of 88-112 °C. The temperatures for 10% weight loss (T10) from their thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves were found to be in the range of 297-312 °C in air. Also the prepared polyureas showed liquid crystalline character.

Synthesis and characterization of meso-to-meso directly linked porphyrin-diazaporphyrin triads

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (09n10) ◽  
pp. 814-820
Author(s):  
Yingying Jia ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
Bangshao Yin ◽  
Mingbo Zhou ◽  
Jianxin Song
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Complex ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dihedral Angles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Extinction Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
First Time ◽  
Molar Extinction Coefficients

Beginning with 5,10,15-triarylporphyrin-nickel complex, five meso-to-meso directly linked porphyrin-diazaporphyrin triads were successfully prepared for the first time through a series of reactions including formylation via Vilsmeier–Haack reaction, condensation with pyrrole, bromination with [Formula: see text]-Bromosuccinimide (NBS), oxidation with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ), metal-templated cyclization of dibromodipyrrin-metal complexes with NaN[Formula: see text] and demetalization. All these triads were comprehensively characterized by [Formula: see text]H NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry and UV-vis absorption. In addition, the structure of compound 6Ni was unambiguously determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, which showed that the two dihedral angles are both 86.65 (4)[Formula: see text] between each mean plane of porphyrin and that of central diazaporphyrin The UV-vis absorption spectra disclosed that the longest wavelengths of Soret bands and Q bands for these triads were observed at 429 and 642 nm, respectively. In contrast to diazaporphyrin-porphyrin dyads, diazaporphyrin dimers and diazaporphyrin monomers reported previously the molar extinction coefficients, particularly for triad 8Ni are much higher.

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