Regional Geology and Landslides in the Marine Clay Deposits of Eastern Canada: Discussion

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
J. S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Marine Clay ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Regional Geology ◽  
Clay Deposits

Regional geology and landslides in the marine clay deposits of eastern Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. La Rochelle ◽  
J. Y. Chagnon ◽  
G. Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Regional Geology ◽  
Clay Deposits

A detailed inventory of the numerous landslides which have taken place in the Province of Quebec has shown that they are concentrated in given areas. Extensive studies carried out in three different areas have revealed a coincidence between the concentration of landslides and the existence of valleys in the bedrock underlying the clay deposits.Piezometric levels measured on the field have consistently shown the prevalence of a downward gradient in the upper part of the slope and an upward gradient with artesian pressure at the toe. These flow conditions which can be imputed in part to the presence of the valley in the bedrock produce the leaching of the salt in the pore water of the clay resulting in a decrease of the shear strength and an increase of sensitivity of the clay.

scholarly journals Triple-Binder-Stabilized Marine Deposit Clay for Better Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4633
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hanafi ◽  
Abdullah Ekinci ◽  
Ertug Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
The Cost

Marine clay deposits are commonly found worldwide. Considering the cost of dumping and related environmental concerns, an alternative solution involving the reuse of soils that have poor conditions is crucial. In this research, the authors examined the strength, microstructure, and wet–dry resistance of triple-binder composites of marine-deposited clays and compiled a corresponding database. In order to evaluate the wetting–drying resistance of the laboratory-produced samples, the accumulated mass loss (ALM) was calculated. The use of slag alone as a binder, at any percentage, increased the ALM up to 2%. However, the use of lime as the third binder seemed to accelerate the chemical reactions associated with the hydration of clay and cementitious material and to enhance the chemical stability, i.e., specimens that included both lime and slag experienced the same ALM as specimens treated with cement only. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed the durability improvements of these clays. The proposed unconfined compressive strength–porosity and accumulated mass loss relationship yielded practical approximation for the fine- and coarse-grained soils blended with up to three binders until 60 days of curing. The laboratory-produced mixes showed reduction of embodied energy and embodied carbon dioxide (eCO2) emissions for the proposed models.

scholarly journals New geological data (Middle Triassic, Rhaetian-Liassic and Oligocene) of the Winterswijk quarry, the eastern Netherlands

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F.W. Herngreen ◽  
J.H.A. van Konijnenburg - van Cittert ◽  
H.W. Oosterink
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Small Interval ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Lower Oligocene ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Shale Formation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lower Muschelkalk

AbstractThe present publication deals with recent palynological results of a relatively small interval of Muschelkalk and exposures of the overlying clay deposits in the Winterswijk quarries. For the first time the Lower Muschelkalk Member in the Netherlands could be independently dated as Bithynian (Anisian, Middle Triassic). Contrary to widely accepted opinions the overlying almost black clay deposit is not Liassic but Rhaetian in age and it is assigned to the Sleen Shale Formation. This marginal marine clay which pinches out to the south, is in turn overlain by a light gray, full-marine Lower-Oligocene clay of the Rupel Formation. An anomalous occurrence of Liassic clay is now attributed to subrosion of Röt salt followed by collapse of the overlying Muschelkalk, Rhaetian and Lias strata.

Slope instability and valley formation in Canadian soft clay deposits

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Slope Stability ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Slope Instability ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Stability Conditions ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Valley Bottom ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Groundwater Regime

The purposes of the paper are to examine the deepening of valleys in clay deposits of Eastern Canada and in particular to look at the changes in the groundwater regime and slope stability conditions during valley formation. Field observations and laboratory testing indicate that the rate of valley deepening in Champlain clay deposits is of the order of only a few millimetres a year, owing to the low erodibility of the intact clay. The clay banks are, however, more erodible, owing to alteration and fissuration.The stratigraphy of Eastern Canadian clay deposits can be simplified by considering it to be a stratum of low permeabilityconfined between two boundary layers of relatively high permeability, which are the till layer at the base and a weathered crust or coarse-grained layer at the top. As the valley bottom get closer to the bottom till layer, the groundwater regime, and consequently the stability conditions, are modified. During the process of valley formation, the groundwater regime passes through astage where the conditions are rather detrimental to slope stability as it evolves toward conditions that enhance bank stability. Those changes in stability conditions happen over geological time more rapidly or less, depending on clay erodibility. Key words: soft clay, valley formation, slope stability, groundwater, erosion, erodibility.

Quelques Caractéristiques Géologiques et Minéralogiques des Dépôts d'Argile du Nord-Ouest du Québec

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1525-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Ballivy ◽  
Gaston Pouliot ◽  
André Loiselle
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Flow Slides ◽  
Lacustrine Clay

The clay deposits of Northwestern Quebec (from Matagami to Rupert House) were formed during the retreat of the Laurentian ice sheet. The oldest deposits are varved clays formed when the region was submerged by glacial Lake Barlow – Ojibway; the varved clays have been traced northward to Rupert House. A minor glacial surge (Cochrane stadial) extending southward to Matagami, partly covered and reworked the lacustrine clays; evidences of this glacial readvance were observed on the left bank of Rupert River near Rupert House. Following this glacial stage, the land was invaded by sea water (Tyrrell Sea) from which were deposited the silty clay that underlies much of the Hudson Bay Lowlands.The mineralogical composition of the marine clay differs from that of the lacustrine clay by its carbonate content: 30% against 2% or less for the lacustrine clay. The clay fraction of the two types of clays is made up of similar minerals which, in order of decreasing importance are: illite, chlorite, vermiculite, and kaolinite. The marine clay is coarser grained than the lacustrine clay and, locally, gives rise to important flow-slides. The slides are subcircular in shape and have a typical bottle-neck opening; they have never been observed to develop in the varved clays. Their occurrence in the marine clays would seem to depend principally on the microstructure of the material, a silty clay that is fissured at the surface. The flow-slides occur specially during the spring thaw when the ground is oversaturated with water.

scholarly journals Preloading system with partially penetrating vertical drains in marine soft clays in Egypt: 2D and 3D comparative FE study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abouhashem ◽  
Alaa El-Din A. El-Gendy ◽  
Mohamed H. Rabie ◽  
Mohamed A. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drains ◽  
Vertical Drains ◽  
Soft Clays ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

A large-scale trial embankment provided with partially penetrating prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) was installed in consolidating marine clay deposits at East-Port said industrial zone project in Egypt. The trial embankment was constructed with a bottom area of 150x150m and a height of 5.5m to evaluate the efficiency of the improvement system and verify the design parameters. An intensive instrumentation system was built-up including shallow settlement indicators, vibrating wire piezometers, extensometer, and inclinometers. Two and three-dimensional finite element analyses (FE) were performed to study the effect of the preloading system provided with partially PVD in consolidating marine clay deposits. FE models were validated and showed good agreement with the field observations in terms of vertical displacement of embankment center, and lateral soil deformation beneath the embankment toe.

Statistical Analysis of Marine Clay Deposits

1981 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Hin Fatt Cheong ◽  
R. V. Subrahmanyam
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Clay Deposits
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document