Observations on break-up of river ice in north central Alberta

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Nuttall
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
North Central ◽  
Channel Geometry ◽  
The North ◽  
Break Up

The break-up process on the North Saskatchewan and Pembina Rivers in north central Alberta during 1969 is discussed.It is shown that the maximum size of moving ice can approach the river's width and have a length of four or five times this depending upon channel geometry. A case of radial cracking of an ice sheet at a bridge pier when the sheet was subject to the drag force of high velocity river flow is reported. The rate of progress of a break-up wave on the Pembina River was found to have been approximately that of a free surface water wave of the same height.

scholarly journals Modeling surface water dynamics in the Amazon Basin using MOSART-Inundation v1.0: impacts of geomorphological parameters and river flow representation

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1233-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Luo ◽  
Hong-Yi Li ◽  
L. Ruby Leung ◽  
Teklu K. Tesfa ◽  
Augusto Getirana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Surface Hydrology ◽  
Channel Geometry ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Floodplain Inundation ◽  
Manning Roughness

Abstract. In the Amazon Basin, floodplain inundation is a key component of surface water dynamics and plays an important role in water, energy and carbon cycles. The Model for Scale Adaptive River Transport (MOSART) was extended with a macroscale inundation scheme for representing floodplain inundation. The extended model, named MOSART-Inundation, was used to simulate surface hydrology of the entire Amazon Basin. Previous hydrologic modeling studies in the Amazon Basin identified and addressed a few challenges in simulating surface hydrology of this basin, including uncertainties of floodplain topography and channel geometry, and the representation of river flow in reaches with mild slopes. This study further addressed four aspects of these challenges. First, the spatial variability of vegetation-caused biases embedded in the HydroSHEDS digital elevation model (DEM) data was explicitly addressed. A vegetation height map of about 1 km resolution and a land cover dataset of about 90 m resolution were used in a DEM correction procedure that resulted in an average elevation reduction of 13.2 m for the entire basin and led to evident changes in the floodplain topography. Second, basin-wide empirical formulae for channel cross-sectional dimensions were refined for various subregions to improve the representation of spatial variability in channel geometry. Third, the channel Manning roughness coefficient was allowed to vary with the channel depth, as the effect of riverbed resistance on river flow generally declines with increasing river size. Lastly, backwater effects were accounted for to better represent river flow in mild-slope reaches. The model was evaluated against in situ streamflow records and remotely sensed Envisat altimetry data and Global Inundation Extent from Multi-Satellites (GIEMS) inundation data. In a sensitivity study, seven simulations were compared to evaluate the impacts of the five modeling aspects addressed in this study. The comparisons showed that representing floodplain inundation could significantly improve the simulated streamflow and river stages. Refining floodplain topography, channel geometry and Manning roughness coefficients, as well as accounting for backwater effects had notable impacts on the simulated surface water dynamics in the Amazon Basin. The understanding obtained in this study could be helpful in improving modeling of surface hydrology in basins with evident inundation, especially at regional to continental scales.

Numerical Study for Water Waves Generated by Debris Flow

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 388-392
Author(s):  
Rui Jin Zhang ◽  
Hong Yue Sun ◽  
Hong Zhan Zhang ◽  
Hosoyamada Tokuzo
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Debris Flow ◽  
Water Waves ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Shallow Water Approximation ◽  
Surface Water Waves ◽  
Run Up

Earthquake or rainfall can arouse landslide, which will cause debris flow. Free surface water waves generated by plunging of debris flow cause devastating damage on human life. In this study, a numerical scheme for debris flow and free surface water wave was developed based on shallow water approximation, in which the interaction between these two flows was included newly. Generation of waves by plunging of debris flow is highly non-linear phenomena. Original CIP method and first order up-wind scheme mixed with second order central derivative scheme were adopted to simulate collision of two initially separated fluids (debris flow and still water). Six cases have been adopted to simulate the generation, propagation and run-up of water waves generated by debris flow. The time series of these two flows for these six calculating cases show the interaction of these two flows. Numerical results for interaction of debris flow and generated water wave are quite satisfactory and reasonable.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic Condition Modeling along the North-Central Coast of Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5648-5654
Author(s):  
D. D. Cham ◽  
N. T. Son ◽  
N. Q. Minh ◽  
N. T. Hung ◽  
N. Tien Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Condition ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Coast Of Vietnam

An extremely dynamic morphology of the estuary is observed in the coastal regions of Vietnam under the governing processes of tides, waves, and river system flows. The primary target of this paper is to provide insight into the governing processes and morphological behavior of the NhatLe estuary, located in the north-central coast of Vietnam. Based on measured data from field surveys and satellite images combined with numerical model simulations of MIKE and Delft3D, the influences of seasonal river flow, tides, and wave dynamics on the sediment transport and morphological changes are fully examined. The study showed that freshwater flow in the flood season plays a central role in cutting off the southern sandspit, maintain and shaping the main channel. The prevailing waves in winter and summer induce longshore drift and sediment transport in the southeast to northwest direction. In the low flow season, this longshore sediment transport is dominant, causing sediment to deposit on the southern side of the ebb tidal delta and elongating the southern sandspit which narrows the estuary entrance and reorients the main channel.

A simple SPH model of a free surface water wave pump: waves above a submerged plate

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Carmigniani ◽  
Agnès Leroy ◽  
Damien Violeau
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Submerged Plate ◽  
Sph Model ◽  
Pump Waves

scholarly journals A comparative study of two fast nonlinear free-surface water wave models

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1818-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Ducrozet ◽  
Harry B. Bingham ◽  
Allan P. Engsig-Karup ◽  
Félicien Bonnefoy ◽  
Pierre Ferrant
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Wave Models ◽  
Nonlinear Free Surface
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