scholarly journals Probabilistic version of the Robertson and Wride method for liquefaction evaluation: development and application

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Sheng Ku ◽  
C. Hsein Juang ◽  
Chi-Wen Chang ◽  
Jianye Ching
Keyword(s):  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Probabilistic Version

The Robertson and Wride method is the most widely used cone penetration test (CPT)-based method for soil liquefaction evaluation. This method is a deterministic model, which expresses liquefaction potential in terms of factor of safety. On many occasions, there is a need to express the liquefaction potential in terms of liquefaction probability. Although several probabilistic models are available in the literature, there is an advantage having a probabilistic version of the Robertson and Wride method so that the engineer who prefers to use this method can obtain additional information of liquefaction probability with minimal extra effort. In this paper, a simple model is developed, which links the factor of safety determined by the Robertson and Wride method to the liquefaction probability. The model, referred to as the probabilistic RW model, is developed, and verified, in a mathematically rigorous manner. Simplified equations for assessing the variation of liquefaction probability caused by the uncertainty in input parameters are also developed. Example applications are presented to demonstrate the developed models.

Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
P K Robertson ◽  
CE (Fear) Wride
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Liquefaction Resistance ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Research Workshop

Soil liquefaction is a major concern for structures constructed with or on sandy soils. This paper describes the phenomena of soil liquefaction, reviews suitable definitions, and provides an update on methods to evaluate cyclic liquefaction using the cone penetration test (CPT). A method is described to estimate grain characteristics directly from the CPT and to incorporate this into one of the methods for evaluating resistance to cyclic loading. A worked example is also provided, illustrating how the continuous nature of the CPT can provide a good evaluation of cyclic liquefaction potential, on an overall profile basis. This paper forms part of the final submission by the authors to the proceedings of the 1996 National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research workshop on evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils.Key words: cyclic liquefaction, sandy soils, cone penetration test

scholarly journals Liquefaction Potential Map based on Coordinates in Padang City with Google Maps Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliwarti Liliwarti
Keyword(s):  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Google Maps ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Potential Map ◽  
The City ◽  
Seismic Disaster

Abstract— Padang City is prone to liquefaction phenomena due to earthquakes. These phenomena can cause various damages to structures, infrastructures, and even can also cause deaths. Therefore, as one of the urban populated cities, the information about liquefaction potential is needed. One of them is by providing a liquefaction potential map, which is useful for mitigation and seismic disaster risks strategies. This article aims to provide a digital map of liquefaction potential in Padang City that integrates with Google Maps. The map is based on 40 coordinates in 7 subdistricts in the city with 3 colored markers that represent the levels of potential liquefaction i.e. no liquefaction level, moderate liquefaction level, and severe liquefaction level. The levels are classified based on the analysis of the secondary Cone Penetration Test data by using the calculation of the Factor of Safety and Liquefaction Potential Index with an earthquake assumption of 8 SR. The result shows that the map has ben able to display information about liquefaction potential, where 32.05% coordinates are classified as no liquefaction level with the highest percentage are in Kuranji, 22.5% are classified as moderate liquefaction level with the highest percentage are in Padang Utara, and 45.0% are classified as severe liquefaction level with the highest percentage are in Koto Tangah.

scholarly journals Effect of Micropiles on Clean Sand Liquefaction Risk Based on CPT and SPT

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Visar Farhangi ◽  
Moses Karakouzian ◽  
Marten Geertsema
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Sand Liquefaction ◽  
Abrupt Decrease ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Jet Grouting

Liquefaction is a hazardous seismic-based phenomenon, which causes an abrupt decrease in soil strength properties and can result in the massive destruction of the built environment. This research presents a novel approach to reduce the risk of soil liquefaction using jet-grouted micropiles in clean sands. The saturated soil profile of the study project mainly contains clean sands, which are suitable to more reliably employ simplified soil liquefaction analyses. The grouting is conducted using 420 micropiles to increase the existing soil properties. The effect of jet grouting on reducing the potential of liquefaction is assessed using the results of the cone penetration test (CPT) and the standard penetration test (SPT), which were conducted before and after jet grouting by implementing micropiles in the project sites. According to three CPT-based liquefaction analyses, the Juang method predicts the most effective improvement range of the factor of safety in the clean sand. The Boulanger and Idriss, and Eurocode methods show comparable evaluations. Results of the SPT-based analyses show the most considerable increase of the factor of safety following the Boulanger and Idriss, and NCEER approaches in the SP soil. CPT- and SPT-based analyses confirm the effectiveness of jet grouting by micropiles on enhancing soil properties and reducing the risk of liquefaction.

Seismic cone penetration test for evaluating liquefaction potential under cyclic loading

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Robertson ◽  
D. J. Woeller ◽  
W. D. L. Finn
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
A Site ◽  
Seismic Cone Penetration Test

Impressive progress has been made in the last 25 years in recognizing liquefaction hazards, understanding liquefaction phenomena, and analyzing and evaluating the potential for liquefaction at a site. Recent findings related to the application of the seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) for the evaluation of liquefaction potential under cyclic loading are presented and discussed. The SCPT provides independent measurements of penetration resistance, pore pressures, and shear-wave velocity in a fast, continuous, and economic manner. The current methods available for evaluating liquefaction using penetration resistance are presented and discussed. Recent developments in the application of shear-wave velocity to evaluate liquefaction potential are discussed, and a new method based on normalized shear-wave velocity is proposed. Limited case-history data are used to evaluate and support the proposed correlation. A worked example is presented to illustrate the potential usefulness of the SCPT for evaluating liquefaction potential at a site. Key words : liquefaction, in situ tests, seismic.

A Neural Network Model for Evaluating Gravel Liquefaction Using Dynamic Penetration Test

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2620-2623
Author(s):  
Qing Xu ◽  
Fei Kang ◽  
Jun Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Gravelly Soil ◽  
Gravelly Soils ◽  
Dynamic Penetration

Evaluation of liquefaction potential of soils is important in geotechnical earthquake engineering. Significant phenomena of gravelly soil liquefaction were reported in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Thus, further studies on the liquefaction potential of gravelly soil are needed. This paper investigates the potential of artificial neural networks-based approach to assess the liquefaction potential of gravelly soils form field data of dynamic penetration test. The success rates for occurrence and non-occurrence of liquefaction cases both are 100%. The study suggests that neural networks can successfully model the complex relationship between seismic parameters, soil parameters, and the liquefaction potential of gravelly soils.

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