Diagnosis of embankment dam distresses using Bayesian networks. Part II. Diagnosis of a specific distressed dam

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1645-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Xu ◽  
L.M. Zhang ◽  
J.S. Jia
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Prior Information ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Embankment Dam

Based on prior information on common characteristics of dam distresses extracted from the dam distress database described in a companion paper, this paper attempts to extend the technique of Bayesian networks to the diagnosis of a specific distressed dam. The diagnosis is conducted by combining two sources of information, i.e., global-level knowledge from the database and project-specific evidence. Based on results of the diagnosis, key distress factors for a specific dam can be identified and suitable remedial measures can be suggested. Further, the Bayesian network analysis is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted remedial measures. A case study on the diagnosis of a distressed embankment dam, Chenbihe Dam, with seepage problems is presented to illustrate the methodology. In this case study, the observed leakage rates, seepage exit locations, and boundary conditions of the embankment are used as project-specific evidence.

Diagnosis of embankment dam distresses using Bayesian networks. Part I. Global-level characteristics based on a dam distress database

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1630-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Zhang ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
J.S. Jia ◽  
C. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
General Information ◽  
Dam Safety ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Embankment Dam ◽  
The Public ◽  
Embankment Dams ◽  
Level Performance

Dam safety has drawn increasing attention from the public. To ensure dam safety, it is essential to diagnose any dam distresses and their causes properly. The main objective of this paper is to develop a robust probability-based tool using Bayesian networks for the diagnosis of embankment dam distresses at the global level based on past dam distress data. A database of 993 distressed in-service embankment dams in China has been compiled, including general information on the dams, distresses, and causes. Based on the database, general characteristics of embankment dam distresses are studied using Bayesian networks, which can tackle not only the multiplicity of dam distresses and causes, but also the complex interrelations among them. Common patterns and causes of distresses are identified. The interrelations among the dam distresses and their causes are quantified using conditional probabilities determined based on the historical frequencies from the dam distress database. A sensitivity analysis is also conducted to identify and rank the most important factors that cause the distresses. With the prior information of common characteristics extracted from the database, Bayesian networks are further used to diagnose a specific distressed dam at the local level by combining global-level performance records and project-specific evidence in a systematic structure, which is presented in a companion paper.

A Case Study on Strengthening the Link Between Psychometrics, Assessment, and Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
Luis Anunciação ◽  
Anna Carolina Portugal
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Testing ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
Key Features

A comprehensive childhood evaluation is a fundamental feature of rehabilitation. This process relies on the collection of quality data including that obtained from psychometric instruments, such as tests and scales, family interviews, and natural observations. Therefore, an evidence-based assessment counts on the interface of using psychometrically valid and reliable instruments, in addition to understanding data gathered from other sources of information. This chapter provides an overview of the key features of psychometric testing applied to childhood assessment. A case study is presented to link the psychometric instruments and its clinical utility within the assessment framework. To better accomplish this goal, this chapter is split into three sections: i. key features of psychometrics and its tools; ii. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); iii. a case study to link both topics.

Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-690
Author(s):  
C. S. Vanaja ◽  
Miriam Soni Abigail
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Pure Tone Audiogram

Purpose Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia. Method A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. Results A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem. Conclusions It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.

Keeping the Vision Alive: The Role of Networks in National Memorial Building A Case Study of the Vietnam Women’s Memorial and the Black Revolutionary War Patriots Memorial

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Amy Probsdorfer Kelley ◽  
John C. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Revolutionary War ◽  
The Other ◽  
Perceived Popularity ◽  
National Mall ◽  
Compare And Contrast

The process to win approval to build a national memorial on the National Mall inWashington, DC is both long and complex. Many memorials are proposed, but few are chosen to inhabit the increasingly scarce space available on the Mall. Through the use of network analysis we compare and contrast two memorial proposals, with an eye toward understanding why one proposal was successful while the other seems to have failed. We conclude that the success of a specific memorial has less to do with the perceived popularity of the person or event to be memorialized, and more to do with how the sponsors use the network of people and resources available to advocate for a given proposal.

Supporting the Development of Clinical Reasoning of Preprofessional Novices in Dysphagia Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (03) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Doeltgen ◽  
Stacie Attrill ◽  
Joanne Murray
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Implicit Processing ◽  
Reasoning Skills

AbstractProficient clinical reasoning is a critical skill in high-quality, evidence-based management of swallowing impairment (dysphagia). Clinical reasoning in this area of practice is a cognitively complex process, as it requires synthesis of multiple sources of information that are generated during a thorough, evidence-based assessment process and which are moderated by the patient's individual situations, including their social and demographic circumstances, comorbidities, or other health concerns. A growing body of health and medical literature demonstrates that clinical reasoning skills develop with increasing exposure to clinical cases and that the approaches to clinical reasoning differ between novices and experts. It appears that it is not the amount of knowledge held, but the way it is used, that distinguishes a novice from an experienced clinician. In this article, we review the roles of explicit and implicit processing as well as illness scripts in clinical decision making across the continuum of medical expertise and discuss how they relate to the clinical management of swallowing impairment. We also reflect on how this literature may inform educational curricula that support SLP students in developing preclinical reasoning skills that facilitate their transition to early clinical practice. Specifically, we discuss the role of case-based curricula to assist students to develop a meta-cognitive awareness of the different approaches to clinical reasoning, their own capabilities and preferences, and how and when to apply these in dysphagia management practice.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Visual Comfort Evaluation in the Evidence-Based Design Process Using Lighting Simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4982
Author(s):  
Anahita Davoodi ◽  
Peter Johansson ◽  
Myriam Aries
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
Insight Into

Validation of the EBD-SIM (evidence-based design-simulation) framework, a conceptual framework developed to integrate the use of lighting simulation in the EBD process, suggested that EBD’s post-occupancy evaluation (POE) should be conducted more frequently. A follow-up field study was designed for subjective–objective results implementation in the EBD process using lighting simulation tools. In this real-time case study, the visual comfort of the occupants was evaluated. The visual comfort analysis data were collected via simulations and questionnaires for subjective visual comfort perceptions. The follow-up study, conducted in June, confirmed the results of the original study, conducted in October, but additionally found correlations with annual performance metrics. This study shows that, at least for the variables related to daylight, a POE needs to be conducted at different times of the year to obtain a more comprehensive insight into the users’ perception of the lit environment.

scholarly journals “Splendid Isolation”: The reproduction of music industry inequalities in Spotify’s recommendation system

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110221
Author(s):  
Tamas Tofalvy ◽  
Júlia Koltai
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Scale Network ◽  
Splendid Isolation

In this article, we argue that offline inequalities, such as core–periphery relations of the music industry, are reproduced by streaming platforms. First, we offer an overview of the reproduction of inequalities and core–periphery dynamics in the music industry. Then we illustrate this through a small-scale network analysis case study of Hungarian metal bands’ connections on Spotify. We show that the primary determinant of a given band’s international connectedness in Spotify’s algorithmic ecosystem is their international label connections. Bands on international labels have more reciprocal international connections and are more likely to be recommended based on actual genre similarity. However, bands signed with local labels or self-published tend to have domestic connections and to be paired with other artists by Spotify’s recommendation system according to their country of origin.

scholarly journals Visualising Ostia’s Processional Landscape Through a Multi-Layered Computational Approach: Case Study of the Cult of the Magna Mater

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 444-467
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Computational Approach ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Layered Approach ◽  
Religious Landscape ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractOstia, the ancient port of Rome, had a rich religious landscape. How processional rituals further contributed to this landscape, however, has seen little consideration. This is largely due to a lack of evidence that attests to the routes taken by processional rituals. The present study aims to address existing problems in studying processions by questioning what factors motivated processional movement routes. A novel computational approach that integrates GIS, urban network analysis, and agent-based modelling is introduced. This multi-layered approach is used to question how spectators served as attractors in the creation of a processional landscape using Ostia’s Campo della Magna Mater as a case study. The analysis of these results is subsequently used to gain new insight into how a greater processional landscape was created surrounding the sanctuary of the Magna Mater.

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