Differential ionization in e+–Ar scattering

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Weber ◽  
T. Falke ◽  
W. Raith ◽  
U. Wesskamp
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Time Correlation ◽  
Positron Scattering ◽  
Formation Cross Section ◽  
Positron Energy ◽  
Doubly Charged Ions ◽  
Transfer Ionization ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Doubly Charged

Differential cross sections of positron scattering from argon atoms leading to singly and doubly charged ions were measured in the angular region from 0° to 120°. These reactions include single and double ionization, transfer, as Ps formation is referred to here, and transfer ionization. The latter is the process of simultaneously ejecting an electron and forming a positronium atom with another electron. The measurement of the time correlation between the detected ion and the scattered particle distinguishes among the reactions, resulting in Ar+ and Ar++, respectively. Measurements were carried out at 30 eV, and, mostly, at 75 eV with an estimated resolution of 2 eV FWHM. The angular acceptance ranged from ±4° to ±2°. Cross sections for single ionization are strongly forward peaked and Ps formation has the most narrow FWHM of ±12° (75 eV incident positron energy) of all. A maximum in the Ps-formation cross section away from 0°, predicted for low energies, was not observed. A very intriguing structure was observed in the transfer-ionization cross section at 45°.

Positron–inert-gas-atom elastic DCS measurements

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Kauppila ◽  
C. K. Kwan ◽  
D. Przybyla ◽  
S. J. Smith ◽  
T. S. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Elastic Channel ◽  
Positron Scattering ◽  
Positron Energy ◽  
Direct Ionization ◽  
Intermediate Energies ◽  
Low Energies

In this paper we review prior measurements and report new measurements of elastic differential cross sections (DCSs) obtained in our laboratory for positron scattering by the inert gas atoms He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe. The gases (Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) for which low-energy measurements have been made below and above the positronium (Ps)-formation thresholds show evidence that the Ps-formation channel is having an observable "absorption" effect on the elastic scattering channel when compared with calculations that only consider the elastic channel. At low energies where only the elastic channel is open, good agreement is found with available calculations. DCS measurements made at high energies (≥200 eV) for He, Ne, and Ar are also found to be consistent with theoretical calculations. At intermediate energies (above the Ps-formation thresholds and below a few hundred eV) theory has not yet been able to match the relative DCSs obtained experimentally owing to the difficulty of including the effects of the most important inelastic channels (i.e., Ps formation and direct ionization). Some initial attempts by our group to obtain absolute elastic DCSs at fixed scattering angles versus positron energy revealed unexpected structure between 55–60 eV for Ar and at 25 and 200 eV for Kr. Our most recent measurements reported here do not confirm the prior observations of these structural features.

scholarly journals Positron?Lithium Inelastic Scattering with Polarisation Potentials

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
M EI-Shabshiry ◽  
SY EI Bakry ◽  
AH Moussa ◽  
MA Abdel-Raouf
Keyword(s):  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Excitation Cross Section ◽  
Positronium Formation ◽  
Elastic Channel ◽  
Formation Cross Section ◽  
Positron Energy ◽  
Maximum Value

Positron-lithium inelastic scattering is studied at positron energies ranging from 0�005 to 20 eV using the coupled static model. Two channels are open namely the elastic and positronium formation. The polarisation potentials of the Li atom in the first channel and that of the positronium atom in the second channel are taken into consideration in calculating the corresponding cross sections. The partial cross sections in each channel are calculated for eight values of the total angular momentum (0 ~.e ~ 7). In the elastic channel the total cross section Ull has its maximum value at the lowest energy, and decreases with an increase in positron energy Ki. The total positronium formation cross section has a small dip at 0�1 eV, and maximum value at Ki = 1 �4 eV, and then decreases smoothly with e+ energy. We compare our results with those of Ward et al. (1989) where positronium formation is ignored. The agreement in elastic cross sections improves with e+ energy, while the total collisional cross sections have the closest agreement at 1�0 eV. From this comparison, we find that positronium formation is important in the very low energy region, and the role of the excitation cross section increases steadily with e+ energy.

Partial charge transfer of doubly charged ions

1956 ◽  
Vol 235 (1202) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Partial Charge ◽  
Partial Charge Transfer ◽  
Doubly Charged Ions ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Double Charge ◽  
Doubly Charged ◽  
Charged Ions

Measurements of the partial charge transfer cross-sections for doubly charged ions X 2+ + Y → Y + + X + are described for C 2+ , N 2+ , A 2+ in He, Ne, A, and the results are discussed in terms of divergence from near-àdiabatic conditions caused by the crossing of potential energy curves. The single endothermic case C 2+ in He behaves adiabatically; all the others, which are exothermic, show large cross-sections at low energies. In the case A 2+ in A there is a contribution from double charge transfer, which cannot be distinguished experimentally from partial charge transfer.

scholarly journals The 7Be(p, ?)8B Cross Section at Low Energies

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
FC Barker
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Spectroscopic Factors ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Potential Parameters

The nonresonant part of the 7Be(p, )I)8B cross section at low energies is recalculated by means of a direct-capture potential model, using parameter values determined by fitting 7Li(n, n)7Li and 7Li(n, )I)8Li data. Standard values of the potential parameters and spectroscopic factors give values of the 7Li(n,)I) cross section that are too large. Modified values that fit the thermal-neutron capture cross section predict 7Be(p,)I) cross sections that are much less than the experimental values. Also, shell model calculations predict resonant 7Be(p,)I) cross sections that are smaller than the experimental values. It is suggested that the accepted experimental values of the 7Be(p, )I) cross section may be too large, perhaps due partly to an overlarge accepted value for the 7Li(d, p)8Li cross section, which has been used for normalization purposes. A decrease in the 7Be(p,)I) cross section would reduce the calculated detection rate of solar neutrinos and lessen the discrepancy with the measured value.

scholarly journals Positron Scattering from Atoms and Molecules

Atoms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultana N. Nahar ◽  
Bobby Antony
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optical Potential ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Positron Impact ◽  
Positron Scattering ◽  
Atoms And Molecules ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

A review on the positron scattering from atoms and molecules is presented in this article. The focus on positron scattering studies is on the rise due to their presence in various fields and application of cross section data in such environments. Positron scattering is usually investigated using theoretical approaches that are similar to those for electron scattering, being its anti-particle. However, most experimental or theoretical studies are limited to the investigation of electron and positron scattering from inert gases, single electron systems and simple or symmetric molecules. Optical potential and polarized orbital approaches are the widely used methods for investigating positron scattering from atoms. Close coupling approach has also been used for scattering from atoms, but for lighter targets with low energy projectiles. The theoretical approaches have been quite successful in predicting cross sections and agree reasonably well with experimental measurements. The comparison is generally good for electrons for both elastic and inelastic scatterings cross sections, while spin polarization has been critical due to its sensitive perturbing interaction. Positron scattering cross sections show relatively less features than that of electron scattering. The features of positron impact elastic scattering have been consistent with experiment, while total cross section requires significant improvement. For scattering from molecules, utilization of both spherical complex optical potential and R-matrix methods have proved to be efficient in predicting cross sections in their respective energy ranges. The results obtained shows reasonable comparison with most of the existing data, wherever available. In the present article we illustrate these findings with a list of comprehensive references to data sources, albeit not exhaustive.

scholarly journals Absolute cross section measurements of 238U(n,f) and 237Np(n,f) in the neutron energy range 1-2.4 MeV

2019 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Paula Salvador-Castiñeira ◽  
Franz-Josef Hambsch ◽  
Alf Göök ◽  
Marzio Vidali ◽  
Nigel P. Hawkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Neutron Energy ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Absolute Cross Section ◽  
Neutron Energy Range ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Low Energies

New standard (n,f) cross sections other than 235U are important to study the relevant cross sections for Generation-IV power plants. A specific need for such standards is for performing new experiments with quasimonoenergetic neutron beams, such as those produced by Van de Graaf accelerators. Neutrons down-scattered to low energies in the experimental environment, so called room-return, become relevant for this type of measurements. Hence, a standard (n,f) cross section with a fission threshold is of great interest, in order to suppress the contribution from room-return background. For this reason we have performed two experiments at the VDG of the National Physical Laboratory to measure absolutely the (n,f) cross sections of 235U, 238U and 237Np in the fast neutron energy region. Our preliminary results are in agreement with the most up-to-date evaluations.

The Scattering of Positrons by Helium: Total Cross Sections up to 270 eV

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jaduszliwer ◽  
A. Nakashima ◽  
D. A. L. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Born Approximation ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Formation Cross Section ◽  
Sum Rule ◽  
Total Cross Sections ◽  
High Energies

The total cross sections for the scattering of positrons by helium have been measured by the method of transmission in the 16 to 270 eV energy range. The experimental results are higher than those of Canter et al. but are in reasonable agreement with recent results of Griffith et al., and at high energies tend towards Born approximation calculations. The integral of the cross section over positron momentum is smaller than the sum rule estimate made by Bransden et al. A tentative value of (0.034 ± 0.017)πa02 is assigned to the positronium formation cross section at threshold.

Single ionization by positron impact

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Moxom ◽  
P. Ashley ◽  
G. Laricchia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Positron Impact ◽  
Ionization Cross ◽  
Positron Scattering ◽  
Direct Ionization ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Ionization Cross Sections ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
Existing Data

The single direct ionization cross sections for positron scattering [Formula: see text] on He, Ar, Kr, and H2 were measured and compared with existing data and the corresponding cross sections for electron impact [Formula: see text]. At most impact energies the present data for He and H2 are in reasonable accord with other measurements and, in the case of He, with some of the available calculations. At low energies, [Formula: see text] is found to increase more slowly than [Formula: see text], probably due to the importance of Ps formation in this energy range.

Elastic Scattering of Electrons and Positrons by Screened Nuclei

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1321-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Zeitler ◽  
Haakon Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elastic Electron ◽  
Positron Scattering ◽  
Electrons And Positrons ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Cross

Results of calculations of cross sections for elastic electron and positron scattering are given in angular steps of 15 degrees for elements Z=6, 13, 29, 50, 82, and 92 and energies T=0.2, 0.4, 0.7, 1, 2, 4, and 10 MeV. The calculation is based on the separability of the cross section into two factors, one describing screening and the other, spin and relativistic effects. The first factor is obtained by the MOLIÈRE approximation 8. The second factor is taken from a paper by DOGGETT and SPENCER 5. Different screening potentials for Z=29 were applied.

Total cross sections for positron scattering fromH2at low energies

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zecca ◽  
Luca Chiari ◽  
A. Sarkar ◽  
Kate L. Nixon ◽  
Michael J. Brunger
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Positron Scattering ◽  
Total Cross Sections ◽  
Low Energies
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