Some characteristics of the medium energy particles produced in -nucleus collisions

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Khan ◽  
U. Ali ◽  
A. Ahmad ◽  
S. Ahmad ◽  
M. Irfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Momentum Distribution ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Medium Energy ◽  
Emission Frequency

Emission characteristics of 1083 interactions with Nh ≤ 2 produced in 50 GeV/c[Formula: see text]-nucleus collisions have been analysed with regard to the emission frequency, energy spectrum, angular distribution, and momentum distribution, etc., of grey pions, protons, douterons, and tritons. The variation of average emission frequencies of these particles with different parameters has been investigated. Further, an attempt has also been made to check whether the emission characteristics of these particles depend on the type of disintegration.

Imaging of strong field dissociative single and double ionization channels of N2O

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (29) ◽  
pp. 1750215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feras Afaneh ◽  
Horst Schmidt-Böcking
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Momentum Distribution ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Double Ionization ◽  
Photoelectron Angular Distribution ◽  
Ionization Processes ◽  
Elliptically Polarized ◽  
Molecular Frame ◽  
Ionization Rates

In this paper, we study single and double ionizations of N2O in a short elliptically polarized 800 nm laser pulse using the COLTRIMS technique. The molecular-frame photoelectron angular distribution and the ion sum-momentum distribution of single and double ionizations of N2O molecules are reported for the single ionization dissociative channel NO[Formula: see text] + N and the double ionization dissociative channel NO[Formula: see text] + N[Formula: see text]. The ionizations of multiple orbitals for the two studied dissociative channels were identified via studying the orientation dependent ionization rates for their KERs. The results show that the shape of the ionizing orbitals governs the single and double ionization processes of N2O.

scholarly journals Effects of Compton scattering on the neutron star radius constraints in rotation-powered millisecond pulsars

2019 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. A39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Salmi ◽  
Valery F. Suleimanov ◽  
Juri Poutanen
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Neutron Star ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Compton Scattering ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Exact Formulation ◽  
Millisecond Pulsars ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synthetic Phase ◽  
Neutron Star Radius

The aim of this work is to study the possible effects and biases on the radius constraints for rotation-powered millisecond pulsars when using Thomson approximation to describe electron scattering in the atmosphere models, instead of using exact formulation for Compton scattering. We compare the differences between the two models in the energy spectrum and angular distribution of the emitted radiation. We also analyse a self-generated, synthetic, phase-resolved energy spectrum, based on Compton atmosphere and the most X-ray luminous, rotation-powered millisecond pulsars observed by the Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER). We derive constraints for the neutron star parameters using both the Compton and Thomson models. The results show that the method works by reproducing the correct parameters with the Compton model. However, biases are found in both the size and the temperature of the emitting hotspot, when using the Thomson model. The constraints on the radius are still not significantly changed, and therefore the Thomson model seems to be adequate if we are interested only in the radius measurements using NICER.

scholarly journals Atmospheric Muons Measured with IceCube

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 08007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Soldin
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Cherenkov Detector ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Lateral Separation ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Detector Volume

IceCube is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov detector in the deep ice at the geographic South Pole. The dominant event yield is produced by penetrating atmospheric muons with energies above several 100 GeV. Due to its large detector volume, IceCube provides unique opportunities to study atmospheric muons with large statistics in detail. Measurements of the energy spectrum and the lateral separation distribution of muons offer insights into hadronic interactions during the air shower development and can be used to test hadronic models. We will present an overview of various measurements of atmospheric muons in IceCube, including the energy spectrum of muons between 10 TeV and 1 PeV. This is used to derive an estimate of the prompt contribution of muons, originating from the decay of heavy (mainly charmed) hadrons and unflavored mesons. We will also present measurements of the lateral separation distributions of TeV muons between 150m and 450m for several initial cosmic ray energies between 1 PeV and 16 PeV. Finally, the angular distribution of atmospheric muons in IceCube will be discussed.

ENERGY SPECTRUM OF NEUTRONS FROM A THORIUM ACTIVE DEPOSIT – BERYLLIUM SOURCE

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bromley
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Cloud Chamber

The energy spectrum of the neutrons emitted when beryllium is bombarded with alpha particles from Th (C + C′) has been determined by measuring the ranges and directions of recoil of protons produced in a cloud chamber by the neutrons. The maximum energy of the neutrons was found to be about 15.5 Mev., within experimental error of the calculated maximum, 14.4 Mev. Many neutrons were found with energy of about 2.15 Mev. and the structure in the remainder of the spectrum can be attributed to the existence of energy levels in C12 at about 7.1 and 4.5 Mev. The angular distribution of the protons scattered by the neutrons from this source was isotropic to within experimental error.

Positron Annihilation in Teflon and Polyethylene

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 935-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald P. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Positron Annihilation ◽  
Angular Correlation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Momentum Distribution ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Lifetime Component ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Correlation Data

Both the time spectra and the angular distributions of the annihilation gamma rays have been measured for positrons annihilating in Teflon and polyethylene in an attempt to clarify which annihilation mechanisms account for the various lifetimes in these materials. Some authors have suggested that, in addition to the longest lifetime component, one of the shorter lived components also arises from the pickoff annihilation of orthopositronium. If this were the case, substantially more positronium would be formed than is indicated by the intensity of the longest lived component alone, and should be detectable through a measurement of the intensity of the low momentum portion of the momentum distribution obtained from the angular correlation data. In the present work, four lifetimes are apparent in the time spectra although there is considerable uncertainty in resolving the two shortest components. The angular distribution data, in both cases, yielded a low momentum component whose intensity indicates that only the longest lifetime component arises from pickoff annihilation of orthopositronium. The three shorter lifetime components are discussed.

The inelastic scattering of protons by magnesium, aluminium and other light elements

1950 ◽  
Vol 201 (1066) ◽  
pp. 348-365 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Inelastic Scattering ◽  
Excitation Function ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Proportional Counter ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Mev Protons

The energy spectrum of 4.5 MeV protons scattered by some light elements was determined by using a proportional counter in conjunction with absorbing foils. Magnesium gave groups attributed to levels at 1.36 ± 0.03 and 1.82 ± 0.04 MeV respectively above the ground state, the former being almost certainly associated with 24 Mg. The angular distribution and excitation function of this group were examined in some detail. The proton groups from aluminium corresponded to levels at about 1 and 2.15 ± 0.05 MeV respectively above the ground state. The lower level has a complex structure and probably consists of two levels at about 0.80 and 0.97 ± 0.02 MeV, the amplitudes of the corresponding proton groups showing a marked angular dependence. No inelastically scattered protons were observed from carbon, oxygen, or copper, while beryllium gave a group consistent with the existence of a metastable state in 9 Be at 2.39 ± 0.05 MeV above the ground state. A short theoretical discussion of the mechanism of the process is given which suggests that inelastic scattering is predominantly a ( p, p ) process involving formation of a compound nucleus.

50. Energy spectrum and angular distribution of photoneutrons from bismuth

Physica ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 22 (6-12) ◽  
pp. 1148
Author(s):  
L.E. Lazareva ◽  
A.N. Pospelov ◽  
G.N. Zatzepina
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Energy Spectrum
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