Decay of 101Mo and 101Tc

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (17) ◽  
pp. 1957-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Cook ◽  
M. W. Johns
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Spin Parity ◽  
Coincidence Data ◽  
Parameter Configuration ◽  
Coincidence Spectrometer ◽  
Gamma Transitions ◽  
Two Parameter

The energy levels of 101Tc and 101Ru have been investigated through a study of the decays of 14.6 min 101Mo and 14.0 min 101Tc. Singles gamma-ray spectra were obtained with high-resolution Ge(Li) detectors having volumes of 0.8 cm3 and 12 cm3. A 36 cm3 Ge(Li)–40 cm3 Ge(Li) coincidence spectrometer operated in a two-parameter configuration (4096 × 4096) was employed in collecting coincidence data. More than 180 gamma transitions have been observed in the two decays: 152 are definitely assigned to the decay of 101Mo, 25 to the decay of 101Tc. These gamma rays have been incorporated into level schemes involving 45 levels in 101Tc and 10 levels in 101Ru. On the basis of beta and gamma selection rules, spin–parity assignments have been suggested for many of the levels.

The Decay of 151Pm to Levels in 151Sm

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (18) ◽  
pp. 1978-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Cook ◽  
J. C. Waddington ◽  
D. G. Burke ◽  
D. E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Level Scheme ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Selection Rules ◽  
Spin Parity ◽  
Coincidence Data ◽  
Parameter Configuration ◽  
Two Parameter

The energy levels of 151Sm have been investigated through a study of the decay of 28.4 h 151Pm. Singles gamma-ray spectra were obtained with high resolution Ge(Li) detectors having volumes of 0.9 and 12 cm3. Two Ge(Li) coincidence spectrometers (37 cm3 – 50 cm3 and 0.9 cm3 – 50 cm3) operated in a two-parameter configuration (4096 × 4096) were employed in collecting coincidence data. Two hundred and seventeen transitions have been incorporated into a level scheme involving 39 levels in 151Sm. On the basis of beta and gamma selection rules, spin–parity assignments have been suggested for most of the levels.

THE DECAY OF Pm149

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1577-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agda Artna ◽  
Margaret E. Law
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Conversion Coefficient ◽  
Beta Spectrum ◽  
Multichannel Analyzer ◽  
Coincidence Spectrometer ◽  
Beta Spectrometer ◽  
Beta Group

The 52.8-hour activity of Pm149 has been investigated using a high resolution beta spectrometer, a lens type coincidence spectrometer, and a scintillation spectrometer in conjunction with a multichannel analyzer. The beta spectrum was found to consist of two groups with maximum energies of 1.072 ± 0.002 Mev and 0.786 ± 0.004 Mev, and intensities of 97.1 ± 0.4% and 2.9 ± 0.4% respectively. A gamma ray of energy 285.7 ± 0.3 kev was found to be in coincidence with the 0.786-Mev beta group. No other gamma rays with intensities greater than 0.1% were found. The K conversion coefficient for the 286-kev transition was measured to be 0.075 ± 0.008. This together with the values of 6.5 ± 0.7 and 4 ± 1 obtained for the K/L and L/M conversion ratios respectively indicate that this transition is M1 in character with less than 10% E2 admixture.

Low Energy Gamma Transitions in 171Tm

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. El-Nesr
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Gamma Transitions ◽  
Double Focusing

The low energy gamma-ray spectrum of 171Er has been studied with the use of both Ge (Li) gamma-ray and a high resolution iron free double focusing beta-ray spectrometer. The data provide K-conversion coefficients and multipolarities of eight gamma-rays. Spin and parity assignments 7/2+, 3/2+, 5/2+ and 5/2+ are given to the 636, 676, 738 and 913 keV levels respectively

Using a clinical linac to determine the energies of gamma-ray transitions and half-lives of barium nuclei

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2050062
Author(s):  
Abdullah Engin Çalık ◽  
Kaan Manisa ◽  
Ahmet Biçer ◽  
Mehmet Erdoğan ◽  
Mürsel Şen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Hpge Detector ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Photonuclear Reactions ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Physics Experiment ◽  
First Time

Photonuclear reactions have great importance in understanding the structure of the nuclei. These reactions, performed using the gamma rays obtained by way of bremsstrahlung, are a standard nuclear physics experiment. In this study, a non-enriched barium sample was activated for the first time by using a clinical linear accelerator (cLINACs). The spectrum of barium radioisotopes was obtained by using a gamma spectrometry with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The obtained spectroscopic data were analyzed and energy levels and half-life values together with their uncertainties were obtained. Some energy levels and half-lives of [Formula: see text]Ba were determined with more precision than those of literature values.

Gamma-ray production in the 170Er(p,n)170Tm nuclear reaction

Open Physics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Mihailescu ◽  
Gheorghe Cata-Danil
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Compound Nucleus ◽  
Beam Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Excitation Functions ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
First Time

AbstractFor the first time discrete gamma-rays following the nuclear reaction 170Er(p,n)170Tm with enriched target were measured with a high resolution GeHP spectrometer. Protons delivered by the Bucharest FN Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator bombarded a thin self-supporting film of enriched erbium. Measured γ-ray energies (Eγ), their relative intensities (Iγ) and corresponding excitation functions for the beam energy range 2.0–3.6 MeV are reported in the present work. The measured excitation functions were fairly well reproduced by compound nucleus calculations based on the Hauser-Feshbach formalism.

Lifetimes and branching ratios of energy levels of 28Si. II

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Alexander ◽  
C. Broude ◽  
A. J. Ferguson ◽  
J. A. Kuehner ◽  
A. E. LitherLand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Excited Level ◽  
Particle Beam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Energy Gamma

The gamma rays from the 25Mg(α,nγ)28Si reaction have been studied for alpha-particle energies in the range 6.0 MeV to 7.2 MeV. A 25-cm3 Ge(Li) gamma-ray counter was used to observe the complex high energy gamma-ray spectra at angles between 0° and 130° to the alpha-particle beam. The lifetime ofthe7798-keV level was found to be 0.30 ± 0.10 ps by studying the Doppler broadening of the spectrum lines. The gamma-ray decays of the 8260, 8328, 8411, 8543, and 8587-keV levels were observed. The gamma-ray decays of the 8260 and 8543-keV levels had not been observed previously. The 8260-keV level decays to the first excited level at 1780-keV and the 8543-keV level decays only to the 4617-keV level. Information on the spin-parity combinations of these levels in 28Si was obtained by a measurement of the yield of alpha particles at zero degrees to the beam in the reaction 16O(16O,α)28Si.

Levels of 186W from the Decay of 186Ta

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Gujrathi ◽  
S. K. Mark
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Decay Scheme ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Recent Experimental Data ◽  
Particle State ◽  
Quasi Particle ◽  
Coincidence Data

Gamma rays from the decay of 10.5 min 186Ta have been studied using high resolution Ge(Li) detectors. More than 90 gamma rays have been observed. Several photo-peaks previously reported as single lines were found to be close doublets. The results of this study have been correlated with the published γ–γ coincidence data and the recent (d,d′) reaction work and a decay scheme for 186Ta has been constructed. The scheme incorporates more than 85 transitions among 23 excited states in 186W. The level at 1661 keV has been discussed in terms of a two-proton quasi-particle state arising from the Nilsson orbitals Ωπ[NnzΛ] = 7/2+[404] and 1/2+[411]. Several transition probabilities have been extracted and compared with other recent experimental data and with the calculations of Kumar and Baranger as well as with the predictions of various phenomenological models.

Lifetimes and branching ratios of energy levels of 28Si. I

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Litherland ◽  
P. J. M. Smulders ◽  
T. K. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Particle Beam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Branching Ratios ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Doppler Shift Attenuation ◽  
Energy Gamma

The gamma rays from the 25Mg(α,nγ)28Si reaction have been studied using alpha particles with energies ranging from 4.8 to 6.0 MeV. A 25 cm3 Ge(Li) gamma-ray counter was used to observe the complex high energy gamma-ray spectra at angles between 0° and 130° to the alpha-particle beam. Estimates of the nuclear lifetimes of the energy levels excited were obtained from Doppler shift attenuation measurements. The de-excitation branching ratios of the levels were also measured. The existence of a new level in 28Si at 6695 keV was confirmed. The recently reported 3− level at either 6880 keV or 6889 keV was observed and found to be the 6880-keV member of the doublet. The enhancement of the octupole transition to the ground level of 28Si was found to be 13 Weisskopf units.

High-resolution gamma-ray study of 185Wm

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Gujrathi ◽  
J. M. D'auria
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Isomeric Level ◽  
Coincidence System ◽  
Internal Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Conversion Coefficients

The decay of 185Wm has been investigated using a high-resolution Ge(Li) X-ray spectrometer and a Ge(Li)–NaI(Tl) coincidence system. The energies and relative intensities (given in parentheses) of the observed gamma rays associated with the decay of the 185Wm (T1,2 = 1.68 min) are: 23.54 (3.3), 42.29 (1.1), 65.857 (100), 93.30 (0.5), 94.59 (2.2), 107.850 (6.8), 122.05 (1.5), 131.554 (84.0), 164.334 (11), 173.675(61.5),and 187.879(15.4) keV. The energy of the isomeric level has been deduced to be 197.41 keV and decays to the ground state through levels at 187.88, 173.68, 93.29, 65.86, and 23.54 keV. In addition, it was deduced experimentally from measured internal-conversion coefficients that the multipolarity of the 131.55 keV transition is E3 while the 65.86 keV transition is an M1 + E2 mixture with a 30 ± 7.5% M1 component.

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