Temperature noise in a thermally homogeneous conductor

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (21) ◽  
pp. 2363-2369
Author(s):  
Amarnath Kshatriya ◽  
Ronald E. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
Current Fluctuations ◽  
Heat Current ◽  
The Past ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Temperature Noise ◽  
Number Of Authors

A thermally homogeneous conductor is characterized by complete correlation in temperature at all points on it. A theory for temperature noise in such a conductor is developed. A relation for spectral density of heat current fluctuations between two black bodies in radiative contact is derived.Erroneous analytical expressions used in the past for evaluating bolometer performance by a number of authors are reconsidered in the light of the theories developed in this paper.

scholarly journals Significant increase in quantity and quality of knee arthroplasty related research in KSSTA over the past 15 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Kirschbaum ◽  
Thilo Kakzhad ◽  
Fabian Granrath ◽  
Andrzej Jasina ◽  
Jakub Oronowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Special Topic ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Number Of Authors

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to evaluate both publication and authorship characteristics in Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy journal (KSSTA) regarding knee arthroplasty over the past 15 years. Methods PubMed was searched for articles published in KSSTA between January 1, 2006, and December 31st, 2020, utilising the search term ‘knee arthroplasty’. 1288 articles met the inclusion criteria. The articles were evaluated using the following criteria: type of article, type of study, main topic and special topic, use of patient-reported outcome scores, number of references and citations, level of evidence (LOE), number of authors, gender of the first author and continent of origin. Three time intervals were compared: 2006–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016–2020. Results Between 2016 and 2020, publications peaked at 670 articles (52%) compared with 465 (36%) published between 2011 and 2016 and 153 articles (12%) between 2006 and 2010. While percentage of reviews (2006–2010: 0% vs. 2011–2015: 5% vs. 2016–2020: 5%) and meta-analyses (1% vs. 6% vs. 5%) increased, fewer case reports were published (13% vs. 3% vs. 1%) (p < 0.001). Interest in navigation and computer-assisted surgery decreased, whereas interest in perioperative management, robotic and individualized surgery increased over time (p < 0.001). There was an increasing number of references [26 (2–73) vs. 30 (2–158) vs. 31 (1–143), p < 0.001] while number of citations decreased [30 (0–188) vs. 22 (0–264) vs. 6 (0–106), p < 0.001]. LOE showed no significant changes (p = 0.439). The number of authors increased between each time interval (p < 0.001), while the percentage of female authors was comparable between first and last interval (p = 0.252). Europe published significantly fewer articles over time (56% vs. 47% vs. 52%), whereas the number of articles from Asia increased (35% vs. 45% vs. 37%, p = 0.005). Conclusion Increasing interest in the field of knee arthroplasty-related surgery arose within the last 15 years in KSSTA. The investigated topics showed a significant trend towards the latest techniques at each time interval. With rising number of authors, the part of female first authors also increased—but not significantly. Furthermore, publishing characteristics showed an increasing number of publications from Asia and a slightly decreasing number in Europe. Level of evidence IV.

Increasing author counts in neurosurgical journals from 1980 to 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tyler S. Cole ◽  
Mark A. Pacult ◽  
Michael T. Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Publication Volume ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Number Of Authors

OBJECTIVE Scientific productivity, as assessed by publication volume, is a common metric by which the academic neurosurgical field assesses its members. The number of authors per peer-reviewed article has been observed to increase over time across a broad range of medical specialties. This study provides an update to this trend in the neurosurgical literature. METHODS All publications from January 1, 1980, to April 30, 2020, were queried from four neurosurgical journals: Neurosurgery, Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS), JNS: Pediatrics, and JNS: Spine. Publication information was acquired from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Entrez database and reconciled with the Scopus database. Publication type was limited to articles and excluded editorials, letters, and reviews. The number of authors and affiliation counts were determined based on structured abstract fields provided in the two databases. RESULTS Between January 1, 1980, and April 30, 2020, the overall increase in author count for the four neurosurgical journals was 0.12 to 0.18 authors per year (p < 0.001). For Neurosurgery, the mean (SD) author count increased from 2.81 (1.4) in 1980–1985 to 7.97 (4.92) in 2016–2020 (p < 0.001). For the JNS, the mean (SD) author count increased from 2.82 (1.04) in 1980–1985 to 7.6 (3.65) in 2016–2020 (p < 0.001). The percentage of articles with more than 10 authors increased from 0.2% to 22.3% in Neurosurgery and from 1.9% to 17.5% in JNS. Only 28% of the author count variation was explained by an increasing number of institutional or departmental affiliations. CONCLUSIONS Author counts for peer-reviewed articles in neurosurgical academic journals have increased significantly during the past 4 decades, with large increases in the numbers of articles with more than 10 authors in the past 5 years. A total of 28% of the variation in this increase can be explained by an increase in multiinstitutional or multidepartmental studies.

Battered bodies: Characterizing Johannesburg’s apartheid past and present in Gavin Hood’s Tsotsi

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Addamms Mututa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Black Characters ◽  
Black Bodies ◽  
Narrative Spaces ◽  
The City

Narratives of traumatic citizenship not only raise questions about the past, but also they give voice to contemporary stories about this past. In post-apartheid South Africa, these questions, markers of apartheid temporality, are embodied in, among other sites, the representation of battered Black bodies in cinema. This article critiques the characterization of Blacks as narrative spaces to illustrate the temporality of distress and trauma from apartheid to post-apartheid Johannesburg in Gavin Hood’s Tsotsi. It argues that the film posits Black characters as latent archives of intergenerational historical narratives that probe the apartheid past and speculate on the post-apartheid future in the city of Johannesburg. Consequently, the juxtaposition of embodied narrative archives and apartheid temporality, the article posits, is a crucial model in the theorization of battered Black bodies’ contiguous nostalgia.

scholarly journals Collaboration via co-authorship trends in Government of Canada forestry research

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (01) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Heather MacDonald ◽  
Daniel W. McKenney ◽  
Kaitlin DeBoer
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Forest Service ◽  
Citation Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Publication Record ◽  
Government Of Canada ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Citation Databases ◽  
Number Of Authors

As part of its long history, the Canadian Forest Service (CFS) has a mandate to collaborate and share its scientific research. Publishing peer-reviewed scientific literature is an important part of this process. Using a database of CFS publications over the past fifty years, we highlight the continuing publication record of this sector of the Canadian government. The average number of authors reported in the CFS bookstore increased from 1.4 authors per article in the 1960s and 1.5 in the 1970s to just under five authors per publication from 2010 to 2018. Our work also illustrates challenges with longitudinal analysis of citation databases. In particular, use of a popular citation database resulted in significantly fewer articles authored by one person, and significantly more articles with twenty or more authors compared to the publicly available CFS “bookstore” of publications. Based on our findings, we outline a number of recommendations for use of citation data to inform collaboration research.

Resolving the Issues of Capon and APES Approach for Projecting Enhanced Spectral Estimation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Kantipudi MVV Prasad ◽  
H.N. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Spectral Density ◽  
Power Spectral Density ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Spectral Estimation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Community ◽  
The Past ◽  
Power Spectral

There are various applications on signal processing that is highly dependent on preciseness and accuracy of the outcomes in spectrum of signals. Hence, from the past two decades the research community has recognized the benefits, significance, as well as associated problems in carrying out a model for spectral estimation. While in-depth investigation of the existing literatures shows that there are various attempts by the researchers to solve the issues associated with spectral estimations, where majority of teh research work is inclined towards addressing problems associated with Capon and APES techniques of spectral analysis. Therefore, this paper introduces a very simple technique towards resolving the issues of Capon and APES techniques. The outcome of the study was analyzed using correlational factor and power spectral density to find the proposed system offers better spectral estimations compared to existing system.

on the rotation of dust devils1

1965 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 388-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Earth’S Rotation ◽  
Dust Devil ◽  
Dust Devils ◽  
Earth's Rotation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
Number Of Authors

A number of authors have, in the past, been of the opinion that dust devil direction of rotation is controlled by the earth's rotation. While this contention can be easily attacked through theoretical arguments, actual observations become the deciding factor. The observations presented, believed to be the largest collection on record, show quite conclusively that dust devils in general have no preferred direction of rotation.

ADMITTANCE FIELD METHOD FOR THE CALCULATION OF THE SPECTRAL DENSITY OF CURRENT FLUCTUATIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. R1-R11 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAVEL SHIKTOROV ◽  
EVGENIJ STARIKOV ◽  
VIKTORAS GRUŽINSKIS ◽  
LUCA VARANI ◽  
JEAN-CLAUDE VAISSIERE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Function ◽  
Spectral Density ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Current Fluctuations ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Physical Ground ◽  
Hydrodynamic Calculations ◽  
Gaas Structure ◽  
The Green Function

In the framework of the Green-function formalism the admittance field method is proposed for the calculation of the spectral density of current fluctuations of two and more terminal devices. The usefulness of the theory is illustrated by hydrodynamic calculations performed for a submicron GaAs structure. The unifying property of the formalism evidences the same physical ground of both the admittance and impedance field methods when instantaneous fluctuations of carrier accelerations during scattering events are taken as noise sources.

MINERALOGY AS AN INDICATOR OF LONG-TERM CURRENT FLUCTUATIONS IN BAFFIN BAY

1966 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Marlowe
Keyword(s):  
Size Range ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Current Fluctuations ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
The Past

A study of core samples from Baffin Bay indicates that gravel and coarse sand occur in all parts of the bay. Fragments in this size range are considered to have been transported into the area by floating ice. This coarse-grained sediment is rich in granitic detritus, but samples from an area within approximately 200 km of the Canadian coast also contain limestone fragments. The distribution of limestone fragments on the bottom coincides closely with the track of the Baffin Land current, in which icebergs originating in areas of limestone outcrop move southward through the bay. The distribution of limestone detritus in subbottom samples, however, suggests that the Baffin Land current has in the past flowed over a wider area than it does at present.

Cited analysis of articles with keywords of ‘Instructional Design’ in DOAJ

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Feriha Emel Yaman ◽  
Zehra Ozcinar
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Open Access Journal ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Spreadsheet Program ◽  
The Past ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
Number Of Authors

The purpose of this study was to provide 158 Open-Access Magazine Guides, 158 of which were found in the magazines covered by the Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ; from the beginning until the end of 2016) subjects; number of authors; number of citations; distribution of keywords; and distribution of magazines by country, author and citations. The authors of the most cited articles, the number of citations and years, the number of citations the authors have taken on a country basis, and page numbers and bibliographic numbers are examined. It is believed that in the current literature there is only one study on instructional design and it is necessary and important because of its contribution to the field. The fact that the articles published in the electronic magazines published in the DOAJ Open Access Guide used the term ‘Instructional Design’ in the keywords to reach the relevant articles constitutes the limitation of this study. This research is a quantitative study in the screening model because it is a research approach that identifies the situation that exists in the past and the present. Content analysis was done because the articles were examined in terms of content. The titles were searched, and the obtained data were uploaded to the spreadsheet program and the tables were created. The data were analysed by interpreting the tables by calculating the frequencies and percentages. Keywords: Citation analysis, DOAJ, instructional design, open access.

Psychology of the Scientist: LXX. Increase in the Number of Authors per Article in Leading Management Journals: 1967–1992

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-760
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Sauers ◽  
Kenneth E. Bass
Keyword(s):  
Reward System ◽  
Harvard Business Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Journal ◽  
Publish Or Perish ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Authors

The present analysis is of the average number of authors per article in eight leading management journals over the past 25 years. Data were obtained from the journals in 5-yr. increments, beginning in 1967 and ending in 1992. For the selected years the number of authors per article in each issue of the journals was recorded. A significant increase in authors per article was found, with the average number of authors per article increasing by 39.5% from 1.33 in 1967 to 1.86 in 1992. Increases occurred in all journals sampled, but the increase varied by journal. The Harvard Business Review had the smallest increase of 12.3% while the Academy of Management Journal had the largest increase of 70.4%. Possible reasons for the increase in number of authors per article, e.g., pressure to “publish or perish,” relaxed standards of authorship, and greater complexity of research in management, their implications for the academic reward system, and directions for future research are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document