Arrangement for measuring the momentum spectrum and the charge ratio of the high-energy cosmic-ray muon horizontal flux

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S1169-S1171
Author(s):  
S. V. Alchudjian ◽  
T. L. Asatiani ◽  
H. V. Badalian ◽  
K. A. Gazarian ◽  
G. I. Mekilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particles ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Momentum Spectrum ◽  
Magnetic Spectrometer ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Horizontal Flux ◽  
The Wire ◽  
With Memory

The magnetic spectrometer of the wire spark chambers with memory of ferrite cores designed for the measurement of the momentum spectrum of high-energy muons (p ~ 3 × 103 GeV/c) at large zenith angles is described. Some characteristics of the wire spark chambers of large dimensions (S ~ 1 m2) are given. The magnetic deflections of the charged particles are automatically calculated and printed by means of a special calculating device. The ferrite memories of the wire spark chambers were directly used as "memory of the device".

Detectors for cosmic particles, neutrinos and exotic matter

2020 ◽  
pp. 655-710
Author(s):  
Hermann Kolanoski ◽  
Norbert Wermes
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Astroparticle Physics ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Origin

Astroparticle physics deals with the investigation of cosmic radiation using similar detection methods as in particle physics, however, mostly with quite different detector arrangements. In this chapter the detection principles for the different radiation types with cosmic origin are presented, this includes charged particles, gamma radiation, neutrinos and possibly existing Dark Matter. In the case of neutrinos also experiments at accelerators and reactors are included. Examples, which are typical for the different areas, are given for detectors and their properties. For cosmic ray detection apparatuses are deployed above the atmosphere with balloons or satellites or on the ground using the atmosphere as calorimeter in which high-energy cosmic rays develop showers or in underground areas including in water and ice.

Astrophysics and Particle Physics in Space with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 1951-1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Lamanna
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Magnetic Spectrometer ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
Physics Experiment ◽  
Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a high energy particle physics experiment in space scheduled to be installed on the International Space Station (ISS) by 2006 for a three-year mission. After a precursor flight of a prototype detector on board of the NASA Space Shuttle in June 1998, the construction of the detector in its final configuration is started and it will be completed by 2004. The purpose of this experiment is to provide a high statistics measurement of charged particles and nuclei in rigidity range 0.5 GV to few TV and to explore the high-energy (> 1 GeV ) gamma-ray sky. In this paper we describe the detector layout and present an overview of the main scientific goals both in the domain of astrophysics: cosmic-ray origin, age and propagation and the exploration of the most energetic gamma-ray sources; and in the domain of astroparticle: the anti-matter and the dark matter searches.

The charge ratio of high-energy cosmic-ray muons at large zenith angles

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 845-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Fujii ◽  
S. Iida ◽  
Y. Kamiya ◽  
S. Kawaguchi ◽  
A. Takenaka
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Charge Ratio

scholarly journals Monte Carlo simulation of the cosmic muon charge ratio

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Al Karim Haj Ismail ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Central European ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Deep Underground

The muonic component of air showers is sensitive to the mass and energy of the primary cosmic ray and is the most abundant component of charged particles arriving at the surface, and able to penetrate deep underground. The muon charge ratio, defined as the number of positive over negatively charged muons, is a very interesting quantity for the study of hadronic interactions at high energies and the nature of cosmic ray primaries. Furthermore, Earth's atmosphere is the development medium of cosmic air showers before they arrive at the ground. Therefore, variations in the density of the atmosphere between seasons must be studied. It is also very important to account for the zenith angular dependence of atmospheric muons, in particular for showers penetrating the atmosphere at high zenith angles. We present a study of the muon charge ratio using Monte Carlo simulations of two cosmic primaries, proton, and iron, of 100 TeV and 1 PeV energies, and with a zenith angle of 0° to 60°. The dependence on the direction of extensive air showers EAS and their radial distance appears to be very pronounced. In addition, the muon density is discussed assuming the Central European Atmosphere in June and December.

A proposed apparatus for the measurement of the cosmic-ray muon momentum spectrum and charge ratio, and the investigation of muon interactions

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S1135-S1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bull ◽  
W. F. Nash ◽  
Wendy J. Milne ◽  
R. E. Woodham ◽  
Y. Yeivin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Momentum Spectrum ◽  
Muon Flux ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Energy Component ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Muon Momentum

The construction of a cosmic-ray spark-chamber spectrometer for use in the study of the charge ratio and interactions of muons at energies up to 3 000 GeV is proposed. The apparatus will consist of a stack of interleaved spark chambers and magnetized iron plates, placed at a depth of 250 m.w.e. underground in order to remove the low-energy component of the cosmic-ray muon flux. This report gives an appraisal of the design of the apparatus and summarizes its expected performance.

Charge Ratio of High-Energy Cosmic Ray Muons

Nature ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 195 (4837) ◽  
pp. 166-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. HAYMAN ◽  
A. W. WOLFENDALE
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Charge Ratio

scholarly journals New Physics of Strong Interaction and Dark Universe

Universe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Vitaly Beylin ◽  
Maxim Khlopov ◽  
Vladimir Kuksa ◽  
Nikolay Volchanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
History Of

The history of dark universe physics can be traced from processes in the very early universe to the modern dominance of dark matter and energy. Here, we review the possible nontrivial role of strong interactions in cosmological effects of new physics. In the case of ordinary QCD interaction, the existence of new stable colored particles such as new stable quarks leads to new exotic forms of matter, some of which can be candidates for dark matter. New QCD-like strong interactions lead to new stable composite candidates bound by QCD-like confinement. We put special emphasis on the effects of interaction between new stable hadrons and ordinary matter, formation of anomalous forms of cosmic rays and exotic forms of matter, like stable fractionally charged particles. The possible correlation of these effects with high energy neutrino and cosmic ray signatures opens the way to study new physics of strong interactions by its indirect multi-messenger astrophysical probes.

scholarly journals Intercluster magnetic fields and ultra high energy cosmic rays

2010 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
H. Arjomand ◽  
S.J. Fatemi ◽  
R. Clay
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Characteristic Time ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Straight Lines

Cosmic rays travel at speeds essentially indistinguishable from the speed of light. However, whilst travelling through magnetic fields, both regular and turbulent, they are delayed behind the light since they are usually charged particles and their paths are not straight lines. Those delays can be so long that they are an impediment to correctly identifying sources, which may be variable in time. The magnitude of such delays will be discussed and compared to the characteristic time variation of possible cosmic ray sources.

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