MEASUREMENTS OF THE VELOCITY OF SOUND IN LIQUID ARGON AND LIQUID KRYPTON

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1275-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lim ◽  
R. A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Interval ◽  
Liquid Argon ◽  
Potential Parameter ◽  
Velocity Of Sound ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Lennard Jones ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Acoustic Interferometer ◽  
Law Of Corresponding States ◽  
Triple Points

The velocity of sound in liquid argon and liquid krypton has been measured in the temperature range between their normal boiling points and their triple points, using a tube acoustic interferometer. The results for argon agree with those of most other investigators to within 0.2%. There are no velocity data for liquid krypton. Compressibilities for these liquids have been calculated, using available density data.The results were analyzed, using a law of corresponding-states treatment in the temperature interval under consideration. To within the limits of uncertainty in the Lennard-Jones 6:12 potential parameter ε, the law is found to be obeyed.

Sound velocity in the inert gas liquids and the law of corresponding states

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (18) ◽  
pp. 2079-2086 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Aziz ◽  
D. H. Bowman ◽  
C. C. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Cell Model ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Liquid Argon ◽  
Corresponding States ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Tunnel Model ◽  
Law Of Corresponding States ◽  
Corresponding States Principle

Velocity of sound was measured to an accuracy of 0.1% in liquid argon, krypton, and xenon under saturated vapor conditions by a resonance ultrasonic technique. Measurements in argon and krypton were from their normal boiling points to close to their critical points, while those in xenon were from its triple point to close to its critical point. Adiabatic compressibilities of these liquids were calculated in the temperature regions for which density data were available.Analysis of the results indicates that such velocity data can provide a precise test of the principle of corresponding states, in its classical and quantum forms. The corresponding states principle holds quite well in the above liquids when subjected to this test.The velocity data in all cases agree more closely with tunnel model calculations than with cell model calculations.

The Law of Corresponding States as Applied to Sound Velocity in Liquids Consisting of Elliptical Molecules

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 721-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Poole ◽  
Ronald A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Sound Velocity ◽  
Saturated Vapor ◽  
Corresponding States ◽  
Velocity Of Sound ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Normal Liquid ◽  
Law Of Corresponding States ◽  
The Law ◽  
Corresponding States Principle

The velocity of sound was measured in liquid ethane, under saturated vapor, in the normal liquid range by a resonance technique.With the use of existing velocity data for argon, nitrogen, and oxygen, a modified form of the corresponding-states principle was applied to the elliptical molecules, oxygen, nitrogen, and ethane. Good correspondence was found for reduced temperatures less than one (T* < 1).

Heat capacities at constant volume, free volumes, and rotational freedom in some liquids

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
DD Deshpande ◽  
LG Bhatgadde
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Free Volume ◽  
Heat Capacities ◽  
Organic Liquids ◽  
Velocity Of Sound ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Volume Analysis ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
Rotational Freedom ◽  
Residual Heat

This paper presents the experimental results on the velocity of sound, densities, and heat capacities of eight organic liquids at 25�, 35�, and 45�C. Using Eyring's equation, the free volumes have been calculated from the sound velocity data. For pure liquids, a quantity Cv* = (Cv)L- (Cv)g- Cstr called the residual heat capacity is found to be linearly dependent on free volume. Analysis of the data for 34 liquids shows that a plot of residual heat capacity against the free volume gives a series of straight lines differing in slopes for different groups of liquids such as hydrocarbons, halogen-substituted hydrocarbons, alcohols, etc. This behaviour is ascribed as being due to different degrees of rotational freedom of molecules in these liquids.

Solubility of Solid 2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene (Isoprene) in Liquid Argon and Nitrogen at the Standard Boiling Points of the Solvents

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kurdziel ◽  
Elżbieta Szczepaniec-Cieciak ◽  
Monika Watorczyk ◽  
Barbara Dabrowska
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Argon ◽  
Boiling Points

Velocity of sound isotherms in liquid krypton and xenon

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (22) ◽  
pp. 3477-3482 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lim ◽  
D. H. Bowman ◽  
Ronald A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Corresponding States ◽  
Suitable Choice ◽  
Velocity Of Sound ◽  
Molecular Parameters ◽  
Triple Points ◽  
Atomic Radii

The velocity of sound was measured with a precision of 0.1% in liquid krypton and xenon at pressures between the vapor pressure and about 65 atm, from near their triple points to near their critical points.A corresponding states treatment of these measurements and previous results in argon showed that, with a suitable choice of relative molecular parameters (σ,ε), the W*(P*,T*) surfaces were coincident to within the experimental error, except for argon near the critical temperature.The relative values of the effective atomic radii σ obtained from this analysis were somewhat lower than those obtained from other thermodynamic properties.

scholarly journals Critical and co-operative phenomena. V. Specific heats of solids and liquids

1940 ◽  
Vol 174 (956) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Quantum Effects ◽  
Dense Gas ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Lennard Jones ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Satisfactory Theory

In the first two papers in this series (Lennard-Jones and Devonshire 1937-8) we developed a simple method of calculating the free energy of a dense gas or a liquid in terms of interatomic forces. We used this to calculate critical temperatures and also vapour pressures and boiling-points. In later papers (Lennard-Jones and Devonshire 1939) we showed that the model used in the earlier papers was more appropriate to a solid than to a liquid, and that to obtain a satisfactory theory for a liquid we must modify it by introducing the concept of disorder. In this way we were able to account satisfactorily for the phenomenon of melting. In this paper we propose to use the expression for the free energy obtained in the earlier papers to calculate the specific heats of solids and liquids, and also the coefficients of thermal expansion and compressibilities. As before, we confine ourselves to the case when quantum effects are negligible.

Velocity of Sound and Acoustic Attenuation in Pure Gallium Single Crystals

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Lyall ◽  
J. F. Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Velocity Of Sound ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Acoustic Attenuation ◽  
Longitudinal Waves ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Standing Sound

The velocity of sound for both transverse and longitudinal waves has been measured in single crystals of pure gallium. These velocity data have been used to calculate a complete set of elastic constants for gallium at 273, 77, and 4.2 °K. A survey has also been made of the acoustic attenuation in gallium at approximately 5 MHz over the range 1.5–300 °K. The measurements were made using a transducerless method which utilizes the direct electromagnetic generation of acoustic waves at the surfaces of a metal to excite standing sound waves in a slab-shaped specimen. It is demonstrated that this technique is both convenient and sensitive: changes of 1:106 in the velocity of sound in gallium were found to be readily measurable over the range 1.5–300 °K.

Some Thermodynamic Properties of Pure and Impure Nitrogen

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 1521-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ancsin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Triple Point ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Normal Boiling Point ◽  
Vapor Pressures ◽  
Freezing Points ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Triple Points

Boiling points, freezing points, and vapor pressures (from 56 K to the normal boiling point) for pure and various doped N2 samples have been measured. The normal boiling points for N2 and N2 doped with 100 v.p.p.m. of O2, Ar, Kr, and CO impurities were found to be 77.3439 K, 77.3458 K, 77.3452 K, 77.3454 K, and 77.3444 K respectively. The triple points of the same samples are 63.14635 K, 63.1445 K, 63.14575 K, 63.1487 K, and 63.14675 K respectively. The values obtained for the heats of sublimation, vaporization, and fusion at the triple point of pure N2 were 6773.8, 6049.6, and 724.3 J/mole respectively and the above impurities changed these quantities by the amounts given in Tables 5 and 6.

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