LORENZ NUMBERS OF PURE ALUMINUM, SILVER, AND GOLD AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2026-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Fenton ◽  
J. S. Rogers ◽  
S. B. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Lorenz Number ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Lattice Waves ◽  
Pure Metals

Measurements have been made of the thermal and electrical conductivities at low temperatures on specimens of pure aluminum, silver, and gold. The resistivities caused by scattering of the electrons by lattice waves and by impurities have been separated and the Lorenz number has been deduced for these specimens. The Lorenz number calculated from the impurity resistivities for these pure metals agrees with the theoretical Sommerfeld value within an experimental error of about [Formula: see text]. The possible influence of an electron–electron interaction on these results is discussed.

The thermal and electrical conductivity of silver-palladium and silver-cadmium alloys at low temperatures

1956 ◽  
Vol 233 (1195) ◽  
pp. 480-493 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Free Electrons ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Conduction Electrons ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Lattice Waves ◽  
Silver Palladium ◽  
Palladium Content

Measurements have been made from 2 to 300° K of the thermal and electrical conductivities of a wide range of silver-palladium and silver-cadmium alloys. The thermal conductivity is resolved into its electronic and lattice components. It is shown that in annealed alloys below 10°K the lattice waves are scattered mainly by free electrons, that the conduction electrons interact with waves of all polarizations, and that this scattering is particularly strong for alloys of high palladium content, where one expects holes in the d -band. Above 40 % palladium , s - d scattering increases the electrical resistance and serious departures from Matthiessen’s rule are observed. The lattice conductivity of strained specimens is much lower, and the additional thermal resistance varies as T -2 , as does the resistance due to interactions with conduction electrons. It is suggested that the additional scattering is due to dislocations of large Burgers vector.

scholarly journals XI. Bakerian lecture.―The effect of temperature and pressure on the thermal conductivities of solids.—Part II. The effects of low temperatures on the thermal and electrical conductivities of certain approximately pure metals and alloys

1908 ◽  
Vol 208 (427-440) ◽  
pp. 381-443 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Metals And Alloys ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Pure Metals ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Thermal Part ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

During the last fifty years a considerable amount of attention has been bestowed on the question of the variations of the thermal and electrical conductivities of metals with the temperature, hut the results obtained by different observers, especially of thermal conductivities, differed so widely from each other that the answer to the thermal part of the question long remained doubtful. In recent years, however, there has been an accumulation of evidence in favour of a slight decrease of thermal con­ductivity with increase of temperature from 0°C. to 100°C. in the case of most of the metals. The experiments of Lorenz, and more especially the careful work of Jager and Diesselhorst have contributed greatly to this result. In both these cases the experiments were limited to the range of temperature between 0°C. and 100°C., and it seemed advisable, in view of the importance of both questions in the electronic theories of conduction of heat and electricity in metals, to extend the range over which the theories could be tested, particularly in the direction of low temperatures, where the experiments of Dewar and Fleming had already furnished information as to the electrical conductivities. The present paper contains an account of the measurements of the thermal and electrical conductivities carried out for this purpose, and the results obtained. The first section deals with measurements of the thermal, the second with measurements of the electrical, conductivities of certain metals and alloys, and the third section compares the results with the electronic theories.

Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Sodium from 40 to 360 K

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1386-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Cook ◽  
M. P. Van der Meer ◽  
M. J. Laubitz
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Inelastic Electron ◽  
Conductivity Data ◽  
Electron Collisions ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Flow Apparatus

We present data on the electrical and thermal resistivities and the thermopower of three pure Na specimens from 40 to 360 K. The measurements were made using a guarded longitudinal heat flow apparatus that had previously been calibrated with Au and Al. The specimens were placed in a vacuum environment using no solid inert liner.The electrical resistivity data indicate ΘR = 194 K. The thermal conductivity data show a 4% minimum near 70 K and an ice point value of 1.420 W/cm K. The reduced Lorenz function L/L0 agrees with published data at low temperatures but above 300 K levels off at approximately 0.91. On the basis of published data for liquid Na, L/L0 does not change by more than 3% at the melting point.The minimum in the thermal conductivity and a part of the high temperature deviations of L from L0 are tentatively ascribed to inelastic electron–phonon collisions having a characteristic temperature near that of longitudinal phonons. The possibility that electron–electron collisions further depress L at high temperatures is critically examined.

scholarly journals Synthesis and electrical properties of conductive polyaniline/ SWCNT nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (34) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Estabraq T. Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Pure Pani ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Analysis ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The synthesis of conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites containing various concentrations of functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (f-SWCNT) were synthesized by in situ polymerization of aniline monomer. The morphological and electrical properties of pure PANI and PANI/SWCNT nanocomposites were examined by using Fourier transform- infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) respectively. The FTIR shows the aniline monomers were polymerized on the surface of SWCNTs, depending on the -* electron interaction between aniline monomers and SWCNTs. AFM analysis showed increasing in the roughness with increasing SWCNT content. The AC, DC electrical conductivities of pure PANI and PANI/SWCNT nanocomposite have been measured in frequency range (50Hz - 600KHz) and in the temperature range from (30 to 160K). The results show the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite is higher than pure PANI.

Thermal and electrical conductivities of exfoliated graphite at low temperatures

Cryogenics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Hegde ◽  
E. Lerner ◽  
J.G. Daunt
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Exfoliated Graphite ◽  
Electrical Conductivities

WEAK LOCALIZATION AND ELECTRON–ELECTRON INTERACTION EFFECTS IN THIN METAL WIRES AND FILMS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (12n13) ◽  
pp. 2053-2071
Author(s):  
N. Giordano
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conduction ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Weak Localization ◽  
Thin Metal ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Disordered Metals ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Metal Wires

A brief and selective review of experimental studies of electrical conduction in thin metal wires and films at low temperatures is given. This review will illustrate the importance of various length scales and of dimensionality in determining the properties disordered metals. A few intriguing and still unresolved experimental findings are also mentioned.

THERMAL AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITIES OF SOLIDS AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy K. White ◽  
S. B. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Lattice Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Electrical Conductivities

An apparatus for measuring the thermal and electrical conductivities of solids at temperatures between 2° and 300°K. is described. Results are presented of measurements of some dilute copper alloys, beryllium, bismuth, and germanium. Where possible the lattice thermal conductivity has been deduced, directly or indirectly from the measurements, and its magnitude and variation with temperature are discussed with relation to theory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document