THE DECAY OF Cd105

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1136-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
End Point ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Positron Spectrum ◽  
Upward Curvature ◽  
Γ Rays

The isotope Cd105 (55 min.) has been produced by the Ag107 (p,3n) reaction in the McGill University synchrocyclotron and has been investigated by means of a 180° spectrograph of high resolution, a lens spectrometer, and a scintillation spectrometer.The positron end point was found to be 1.691 ± 0.005 Mev. and the Fermi plot of the spectrum was straight down to about 800 kev. where a slight upward curvature began. Internal conversion lines found in the 180° spectrograph indicated γ-rays of energies 25.50, 27.69, 263.0, 292.5, 308.0, 312.1, 317.1, 320.5, 324.9, 336.3, 340.7, 347.0, 433.1, and 606.7 kev. High energy internal conversion lines found in the lens spectrometer beyond the end point of the positron spectrum were assigned to γ-rays of energies 1.908, 1.957, 1.995, 2.045, 2.277, and 2.318 Mev.In addition lines assigned to Ag105 have been recorded. These correspond to γ-rays of energies 64.0, 280.8, 319.4, 331.5, 344.9, 392.6, and 443.2 kev., of which that of 331.5 kev. has not been reported previously.

Gamma rays produced in the 209Bi(n, n′γ) reaction

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 948-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. V. Prestwich ◽  
T. J. Kennett ◽  
J. S. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
Weak Coupling ◽  
Decay Scheme ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Region ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Resolution Study

A high-resolution study of the γ-ray spectrum induced by the inelastic scattering of reactor produced neutrons has been conducted. The γ rays observed have been assigned in a decay scheme involving 134 levels extending in excitation energy to 6 MeV. The results are discussed within the context of previously identified weak coupling configurations, and possible discrepancies are indicated. Levels in the high-energy region are also compared with recently reported photoexcitation studies.

γ Transitions in the Decay of 99Mo

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1893-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bashandy
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Internal Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Double Focusing ◽  
Conversion Spectrum

AbstractThe internal conversion spectrum of γ transitions in the decay of 99Mo has been re-studied using a high resolution double focusing β-ray spectrometer. In addition to γ-rays previously reported, seven more γ-rays could be observed. Internal conversion coefficients and multipolarities of γ transitions are given. Energies, spins and parities of high excited levels in 99Tc are confirmed.

THE NEW ISOTOPES Cd104 AND Ag104

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 841-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Decay Scheme ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Line Intensities ◽  
In Series ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
Positron Spectrum ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray

Two new neutron deficient isotopes Cd104 (59 min.) and Ag104 (27 min.) have been produced by the reaction Ag107(p, 4n)Cd104 at 50 Mev. in the McGill University synchrocyclotron and by the subsequent growth of silver from the cadmium. These isotopes have been investigated by means of a 180° spectrograph of high resolution, a lens spectrometer, and a scintillation spectrometer. Chemical methods of identification have also been employed. Ag104 has been found to emit a positron spectrum of end point 2.70 ±.01 Mev. and a γ-ray of 556.2 kev. which is thought to be in series with the positron spectrum. The origin of a γ-ray of energy 118.4 kev. which appears to be converted in palladium is at present unknown. A tentative decay scheme is proposed. Cd104 appears to decay primarily by K-capture since no positron spectrum was observed which could be assigned to this isotope. Four γ-rays, of energies 66.7, 83.6, 123.6, and 134.2 kev., have been definitely assigned to this isotope on the basis of K−L differences shown by conversion lines; on the basis of relative L line intensities and K/L ratios the two low energy γ-rays have been shown to represent M1 transitions. Other conversion lines were found whose origin and element of conversion are unknown.

HIGH-RESOLUTION STUDIES OF GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA USING LITHIUM-DRIFT GERMANIUM GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETERS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2286-2331 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Ewan ◽  
A. J. Tavendale
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray

This paper describes the use of germanium lithium-drift p-i-n diodes as high-resolution γ-ray spectrometers. With these spectrometers we have obtained γ-ray resolutions of 2.05 keV at 122 keV, 4.0 keV at 1333 keV, and 5.5 keV at 2614 keV. Using the detectors as pair spectrometers for high-energy γ rays, we have obtained a resolution of 9.8 keV on a 7.6-MeV γ ray. The factors affecting the resolution of the detectors are discussed. Fano factors of ~0.4 have been observed. Efficiency curves are given for a 2.5 cm2 × 3.5 mm detector and for a 5 cm2 × 8 mm detector.The detectors have been used to make high-resolution studies of the complex γ-ray spectra from sources of 131Cs, 161Pm, 153Gd, 156Eu, 159Gd, 177Yb, and 226Ra. Results are reported for the energies and intensities of the γ rays observed in these studies.

Level Structure of 143Pr from γ Decay

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bashandy
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Internal Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Nuclear Models ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Double Focusing

Abstract The γ decay of 143Ce has been investigated using both a Ge(Li) γ ray and a high resolution iron free double focusing β-ray spectrometer. In addition to γ rays previously reported, more γ rays could be observed. Internal conversion coefficients and multipolarities of γ transitions were determined. Ten excited nuclear energy states have been established in 143Pr at 57, 341, 491, 722, 939, 1045, 1061, 1161, 1382 and 1452 keV. Possible spin values have been assigned to all these states on the basis of conversion coefficients of γ rays. The level structure of 143Pr is discussed in terms of existing nuclear models.

scholarly journals The internal conversion coefficient for radium C

1932 ◽  
Vol 138 (836) ◽  
pp. 643-664 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Conversion Coefficient ◽  
Atomic System ◽  
Relativistic Equation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Internal Conversion Coefficient ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Charged Nucleus ◽  
Special Case

It is well known that the γ-rays emitted from a radio­active nucleus are often partially absorbed by the atomic system, giving rise to secondary β-rays. From observations of the resultant γ-ray intensity, and that of the β-rays, it is possible to infer the proportion of γ-rays reabsorbed in the atomic system. This factor is called the “internal conversion co­efficient.” Its theoretical value has been discussed by Miss Swirles and R. H. Fowler. Miss Swirles treats the nucleus as an oscillating Hertzian doublet, radiating classically, and considers the radiation field as producing photoelectric transitions in the planetary electrons, according to the Schrodinger theory. The rate of emission of γ-rays from the nucleus is taken to be the classical rate of radiation of energy by the dipole, divided by hv . The values obtained in this way were about 10 times too small, except for the γ-ray of energy 14.26 x 10 5 e. v., which has an internal conversion coefficient several hundred times that given by the theory. This special case has been discussed by Fowler ( loc . cit .), and we shall not consider it here. An obvious defect in the theory is the use of Schrödinger’s equation, which may not be expected to hold so near the nucleus, or for electrons of such high energy. It therefore seemed possible that the more correct, relativistic equation of Dirac might give results in accordance with experiment in the majority of cases, and the calculation has been carried out by Casimir. The same model is used, and, for purposes of calculation, the interaction of the other electrons is neglected, so that we have a single electron in the field of a charged nucleus. For the β-rays emitted from the K-shell, we may take the actual nuclear charge in carrying out the calculation. In the case of extremely hard γ-rays, whose energies may be considered large compared with mc 2 , it is legitimate to use the asymptotic expansion for the wave function repre­senting the β-ray. If we apply this theory to the range covered by experiment, we obtain results (Casimir, loc. cit. ) which are still much too small, so that we were tempted to attribute the bulk of the conversion to some special type of interaction with the nucleus. It seems fairly certain that this must be the case for the γ-ray with hv = 14.26 x 10 5 e. v., which has an abnormally high internal conversion coefficient.

A high-resolution total absorption spectrometer for simultaneous detection of several high-energy γ-rays

1973 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Holder ◽  
E. Radermacher ◽  
A. Staude ◽  
P. Darriulat ◽  
J. Deutsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Total Absorption ◽  
Total Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Absorption Spectrometer

scholarly journals Mapping the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 0323342+

Universe ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Foschini ◽  
Stefano Ciroi ◽  
Marco Berton ◽  
Stefano Vercellone ◽  
Patrizia Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Narrow Line ◽  
Radio Observations ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Narrow Line Region

Taking advantage of the most recent measurements by means of high-resolution radio observations and other multiwavelength campaigns, it is possible to elaborate a detailed map of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxy 1H 0323 + 342 . This map will open the possibility of intriguing hypotheses about the generation of high-energy γ rays in the narrow-line region.

High-resolution EM study of submicrometer-grained Al-Mg solid solution alloys

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
Z. Horita ◽  
D. J. Smith ◽  
M. Furukawa ◽  
M. Nemoto ◽  
R. Z. Valiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Energy State ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Solid Solution Alloy ◽  
Average Grain Size

It is possible to produce metallic materials with submicrometer-grained (SMG) structures by imposing an intense plastic strain under quasi-hydrostatic pressure. Studies using conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) showed that many grain boundaries in the SMG structures appeared diffuse in nature with poorly defined transition zones between individual grains. The implication of the CTEM observations is that the grain boundaries of the SMG structures are in a high energy state, having non-equilibrium character. It is anticipated that high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) will serve to reveal a precise nature of the grain boundary structure in SMG materials. A recent study on nanocrystalline Ni and Ni3Al showed lattice distortion and dilatations in the vicinity of the grain boundaries. In this study, HREM observations are undertaken to examine the atomic structure of grain boundaries in an SMG Al-based Al-Mg alloy.An Al-3%Mg solid solution alloy was subjected to torsion straining to produce an equiaxed grain structure with an average grain size of ~0.09 μm.

Ultra high resolution SEM at high voltage images individual fab fragments applied as molecular label to cell surface receptors

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metal Coating ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Surface Mobility ◽  
Metal Atoms ◽  
Shadowing Effect ◽  
Imaging Mode ◽  
Deposition Techniques

Topographic ultra high resolution can now routinely be established on bulk samples in cold field emission scanning electron microscopy with a second generation of microscopes (FSEM) designed to provide 0.5 nm probe diameters. If such small probes are used for high magnification imaging, topographic contrast is so high that remarkably fine details can be imaged on 2DMSO/osmium-impregnated specimens at ribosome surfaces even without a metal coating. On TCH/osmium-impregnated specimens topographic resolution can be increased further if the SE-I imaging mode is applied. This requires that beam diameter and metal coating thickness be made smaller than the SE range of ~1 nm and background signal contributions be reduced. Subnanometer small probes can be obtained (only) at high accelerating voltages. Subnanometer thin continuous metal films can be produced under the following conditions: self-shadowing effect between metal atoms must be reduced through appropriate deposition techniques and surface mobility of metal atoms must be diminished through high energy sputtering and/or specimen cooling.

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