A DETERMINATION OF THE HALF LIVES OF SOME MAGNETIC DIPOLE γ-RAY TRANSITIONS

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Graham ◽  
R. E. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Energy Relation ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Coincidence Method ◽  
Coincidence Circuit ◽  
Coincidence Counting ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
End To End

A number of magnetic dipole γ-ray transitions have been studied using a coincidence circuit of short resolving time (2τ0 = 2 × 10−9 sec), a two lens single β-ray spectrometer, a pair of lens spectrometers placed end to end with coincidence counting of the focused radiations from a single source, and a scintillation spectrometer. Lifetimes have been measured using the delayed coincidence method and where feasible conversion coefficients and K/L ratios obtained. Comparison is made with theoretical estimates of the lifetime–energy relation for M1 γ-ray transitions.The new results are as follows:[Formula: see text]

THE DISINTEGRATION OF Tm170

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Graham ◽  
J. L. Wolfson ◽  
R. E. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Electric Quadrupole ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Single Source ◽  
Coincidence Counting ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Γ Ray

The radiations from the decay of Tm170 (127 day) have been studied by means of a lens type β-ray spectrometer, a scintillation spectrometer, short resolving time (2τ0 = 2 × 10−9 sec.) coincidence counting techniques, and a pair of lens type β-ray spectrometers placed end to end with coincidence counting of the focused radiations from a single source. A disintegration scheme is proposed which is consistent with the experimental results. Decay is found to be by negative β-ray emission; the spectrum consists of two components, one of maximum energy 968 ± 4 kev. (76%) proceeding to the ground state of Yb170 and one of maximum energy 884 ± 4 kev. (24%) to an excited state in Yb170 followed by emission of a γ ray or conversion electron to the ground state. The γ-ray transition in Yb170 is found to have an energy of 84.1 ± 0.1 kev., a half-life of (1.57 ± 0.05) × 10−9 sec, and conversion coefficients aK = 1.60 ± 0.15, aL = 4.1 ± 0.5, aM = 1.2 ± 0.2 which show that it is electric quadrupole in character. Upper limits are given for decay by K capture, 0.3%, or positive β-ray emission, 0.01%, and also for the occurrence of other γ rays.

THE TOTAL INTERNAL CONVERSION COEFFICIENT OF THE 279-kev TRANSITION FOLLOWING THE DECAY OF Hg203 AS MEASURED BY A NEW COINCIDENCE METHOD

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. V. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Conversion Coefficient ◽  
Internal Conversion Coefficient ◽  
Coincidence Method ◽  
Β Decay ◽  
A Value ◽  
Conversion Coefficients ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Total Conversion Coefficient

Using a new coincidence method, the total internal conversion coefficient for the 279-kev transition following the β-decay of Hg203 has been measured with a standard deviation of about 1%. The method which employs a 4πβ–γ coincidence arrangement is based on the differential absorption of β-particles and conversion electrons in 4π geometry. For determining the absolute efficiencies of γ-ray spectrometers or ion-chambers, the method has the advantage of yielding directly the number of γ-ray quanta emitted per Hg203 disintegration without requiring any knowledge of the K:L:M conversion ratios. Likely sources of systematic error have been investigated and their effect has been shown to be smaller than the quoted standard deviation. The value obtained is α = 0.2262 ±.0019 or γ/β = 0.8155 ±.0015, in excellent agreement with the recent β-ray spectrometer measurements of Nijgh et al. This is of interest because a number of widely differing values of conversion coefficients for this transition have been reported. If the K/(L+M+N) conversion ratio of 2.60 ±.06 found by Nijgh et al. is combined with our total conversion coefficient, a value αK = 0.1633 ±.0017 is obtained.

The precision determination of some γ-ray energies using a β-spectrometer

1965 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Murray ◽  
R.L. Graham ◽  
J.S. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Precision Determination ◽  
Γ Ray

Determination of stable isotope ratios using nuclear reaction analysis coupled with a particle–gamma coincidence method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rangel Pestana Allegro ◽  
Márcia de Almeida Rizzutto ◽  
Nemitala Added ◽  
Vitor Ângelo Paulino de Aguiar ◽  
Dennis Lozano Toufen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Reaction ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Nuclear Reaction Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Coincidence Method ◽  
Medium Energy ◽  
Gamma Coincidence

This study presents an alternative method to determine isotope ratios using a medium energy accelerator and simultaneously measuring the charged particles and gamma-rays produced in a nuclear reaction.

The determination of boron in sedimentary rocks by neutron irradiation and prompt γ-ray spectrometry

1980 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Kerr ◽  
W. V. Prestwich ◽  
T. J. Kennett ◽  
D. M. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Irradiation ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Γ Ray

Nondestructive determination of plutonium by gamma spectrometry and neutron well coincidence counting

2009 ◽  
Vol 385 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhavi Agarwal ◽  
Sanhita Poi ◽  
T.N. Nathaniel ◽  
Amol Mhatre ◽  
P.C. Kalsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Coincidence Counting ◽  
Nondestructive Determination
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