Empirical and semiempirical models of the formative time delay in nitrogen

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 947-951
Author(s):  
V Lj Marković ◽  
S N Stamenković ◽  
S R Gocić
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Electrical Breakdown ◽  
Breakdown Time ◽  
Formative Time ◽  
Delay Times ◽  
Statistical Time ◽  
Semiempirical Models ◽  
Good Agreement

The formative time dependence on working voltages tf(U) in nitrogen is determined: (1) from the Laue diagrams, by taking the values where the linear approximation of the electrical breakdown time delay (td) intersects the time axis, (2) from histograms, by taking the minimum values of the delay times for the formative time, and (3) from a difference tf = [Formula: see text] – [Formula: see text] ≈ [Formula: see text] – σ (td), where standard deviation σ,(td) is approximately equal to the mean of the statistical time delay [Formula: see text]. The breakdown time delay measurements are supported by oscilloscopic measurements of the voltage drop and the current rise time during inception of the discharge. Several simple models were applied to describe the experimental formative time dependence on working voltages tf,(U) and a good agreement with experimental data was found.PACS Nos.: 51.50.+v, 52.80.–s

A statistical interpretation of the electrical breakdown of liquid dielectrics

1962 ◽  
Vol 269 (1337) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Electrical Breakdown ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Step Function ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Breakdown Time ◽  
Formative Time ◽  
Statistical Time

Previous investigators, when measuring the electric strength of hydrocarbon liquids with short-duration rectangular pulses, have assumed that the statistical component of the breakdown time was insignificant com pared with the formative time. In the present investigation, however, the time to breakdown was measured directly by the use of step-function pulses, and clear evidence for a statistical time lag was found. The formative time was ~ 0.1 us, being less than that given by previous estimates. A statistical interpretation of short-pulse measurements is presented and this provides a consistent explanation of the results of other workers. Furthermore, by using an experimentally derived equation for the variation of the mean rate of breakdown f ( E ) with applied stress E , it has been shown that the form of the relationship between strength and pulse duration obtained by other workers agrees with that obtained by a statistical analysis. Experiments on air-saturated n -hexane with both short-duration and step-function pulses support the statistical ideas presented and indicate that electrode conditions are extremely important. It was found that strength and time to breakdown were affected by the number of breakdown measurements on a sample. Experiments with gas-free n -hexane and non-uniform fields have demonstrated the importance of air content when long duration pulses are used. It was found that, although the statistical time lag was insignificant, formative time lags as long as 10 ys occurred with a point cathode-sphere anode configuration.

Statistical analysis of the electrical breakdown time delay distributions in krypton

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 083502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Čedomir A. Maluckov ◽  
Jugoslav P. Karamarković ◽  
Miodrag K. Radović ◽  
Momčilo M. Pejović
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Electrical Breakdown ◽  
Breakdown Time

The application of convolution-based statistical model on the electrical breakdown time delay distributions in neon

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5328-5334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Čedomir A. Maluckov ◽  
Jugoslav P. Karamarković ◽  
Miodrag K. Radović ◽  
Momčilo M. Pejović
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Electrical Breakdown ◽  
Breakdown Time

scholarly journals Explanation of the memory effect in argon

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidosav Markovic ◽  
Sasa Gocic ◽  
Suzana Stamenkovic
Keyword(s):  
Time Delay ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Electrical Breakdown ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Metastable States ◽  
Effective Lifetime ◽  
Breakdown Time ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Argon Ions ◽  
Phase Models

Memory effect - the long time variation of the electrical breakdown time delay on the relaxation time td (?) was observed in argon 24 hours after relaxation times and explained by the long-lived metastable states remaining from the preceding glow. However, the quenching processes reducing the effective lifetime of metastable states several orders of magnitude below that relevant for the time scale of observation were neglected. By applying approximate gas phase models it was found that the early afterglow kinetics up to hundreds of milliseconds is dominated by the decay of molecular argon ions Ar2+ and the approximate value of their ambipolar diffusion coefficient is determined. After that, nitrogen atoms present as impurities and recombined on the cathode surface and/or field emission determine the breakdown time delay down to the cosmic rays and natural radioactivity level.

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