Formulation of particle pseudo-rapidity (rapidity) distribution in high-energy pp collision and e+e– annihilation

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
F -H Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rapidity Distribution ◽  
Cylinder Model ◽  
Rapidity Distributions ◽  
High Energy Collisions

The pseudorapidity (rapidity) distributions of particles produced in high-energy collisions are analyzed using the revised thermalized cylinder model. The calculated results are compared and found to be in agreement with the experimental data of pp collision and e+e– annihilation. PACS Nos.: 13.85-t, 13.75-n, 13.85Hd, 13.65+i

scholarly journals A combined model for pseudo-rapidity distributions in Cu–Cu collisions at BNL-RHIC energies

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. J. Jiang ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
Y. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Rapidity Distribution ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Phobos Collaboration ◽  
Rapidity Distributions

The charged particles produced in nucleus–nucleus collisions come from leading particles and those frozen out from the hot and dense matter created in collisions. The leading particles are conventionally supposed having Gaussian rapidity distributions normalized to the number of participants. The hot and dense matter is assumed to expand according to the unified hydrodynamics, a hydro model which unifies the features of Landau and Hwa–Bjorken model, and freeze out into charged particles from a time-like hypersurface with a proper time of [Formula: see text]. The rapidity distribution of this part of charged particles can be derived analytically. The combined contribution from both leading particles and unified hydrodynamics is then compared against the experimental data performed by BNL-RHIC-PHOBOS Collaboration in different centrality Cu–Cu collisions at [Formula: see text] and 62.4[Formula: see text]GeV, respectively. The model predictions are consistent with experimental measurements.

FORMULATION OF NEGATIVELY CHARGED PARTICLE RAPIDITY DISTRIBUTION IN NUCLEUS–NUCLEUS COLLISIONS AT HIGH ENERGY

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (24) ◽  
pp. 1497-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
FU-HU LIU
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rapidity Distribution

The negatively charged particle rapidity distribution in nucleus–nucleus collisions at high energy has been described by the thermalized cylinder picture. The calculated results are compared and found to be in agreement with the experimental data of the reactions 16 O + Au at 60A and 200A GeV, 32 S + Ag and S at 200A GeV, and 208 Pb + Pb at 158A GeV bombarding energies.

Mean charged hadron multiplicities in high energy collisions — a new approach

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1135
Author(s):  
D. C. Ghosh ◽  
S. C. Naha ◽  
T. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Charged Hadron ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Entire Energy ◽  
High Energy Collisions ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Remarkable Agreement

A semi-empirical formulation for the energy dependence of multiplicity in p–p collision has been proposed. It has been found that experimental data for the multiplicity show a remarkable agreement with this formulation in the entire energy region 10 GeV to 106 GeV.

Distribution of strange particles transverse momentum and rapidity in high energy proton–proton collisions at s = 0.9 TeV at LHC

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050006
Author(s):  
Q. Ali ◽  
Y. Ali ◽  
U. Tabassam ◽  
M. Haseeb ◽  
M. Ikram
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Rapidity Distribution ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Proton Collisions ◽  
Strange Particles ◽  
Good Comparison ◽  
Proton Proton Collisions

In this paper, we have studied the spectra of strange particles in pp collision at [Formula: see text] = 0.9 TeV by using different simulation models, EPOS-1.99, SIBYLL-2.3c, QGSJETII-04 and EPOS-LHC. The transverse momentum and rapidity distribution in the [Formula: see text] range of [Formula: see text] GeV/c and [Formula: see text] GeV/c, respectively, are investigated for the strange particles, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. Similarly, a comparative study is done for the ratio of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity. The validity of simulation models is tested by comparing simulation results to the CMS experimental data at [Formula: see text] = 0.9 TeV. For [Formula: see text] distributions, the EPOS-LHC model in the [Formula: see text] range [Formula: see text] GeV/c, [Formula: see text] GeV/c and in [Formula: see text] GeV/c while EPOS-1.99 model in the [Formula: see text] range [Formula: see text] GeV/c and QGSJETII-04 model in the [Formula: see text] range [Formula: see text] GeV/c as well as, [Formula: see text] GeV/c explain the experimental data well. For the, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] versus transverse momentum distributions, EPOS-LHC model in the [Formula: see text] range of, [Formula: see text] GeV/c and [Formula: see text] GeV/c, EPOS-1.99 model in the [Formula: see text] range, [Formula: see text] GeV/c, SIBYLL-2.3c model in the [Formula: see text] range, [Formula: see text] GeV/c and QGSJETII-04 model in the [Formula: see text] range [Formula: see text] GeV/c explain the experimental data very well. Similarly, for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] versus rapidity distribution QGSJETII-04 predictions in the rapidity region, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], while EPOS-LHC model in the region, [Formula: see text], very well explained the experimental data. Although good comparison of the models predictions with the experimental data is observed, none of them completely describe the experimental data the spectra of strange particles over the entire [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] range.

Charged-particle pseudorapidity (rapidity) distribution in nucleus–nucleus collisions at alternating-gradient synchrotron energy

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 851-855
Author(s):  
F -H Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Charged Particle ◽  
Rapidity Distribution ◽  
Target Size ◽  
Stopping Power ◽  
Target Nucleon ◽  
Rapidity Distributions ◽  
Bombarding Energy

The charged-particle pseudorapidity (rapidity) distributions in nucleus–nucleus collisions at the alternating-gradient synchrotron energy (11–15A GeV) have been described by the thermalized cylinder picture. The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data of the reactions 28Si + Au, Ag, Cu, and Al at 14.6A GeV/c bombarding energy. It is shown that the target stopping power (the leading participant target nucleon rapidity shift with respect to the projectile) increases with the target size, and the projectile penetrating power (the leading participant projectile nucleon rapidity shift with respect to the target) decreases with the increasing of target size. PACS Nos.: 25.75-q, 25.75Dw, and 24.10pa

Some Analytical Results of Bunching Parameters for Multiplicity Fluctuations in High Energy Collisions

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (38) ◽  
pp. 2975-2984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding-Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Short Range ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Short Range Correlation ◽  
Hadron Multiplicity ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Range Correlation ◽  
Parameters Analysis ◽  
High Energy Collisions

A few analytical results are presented for the bunching parameters analysis applied to study the fluctuations of hadron multiplicity density in high energy collisions. The behaviors of bunching parameters are analyzed in the cases of concatenate and partitioning fluctuations. The effect of pairing in partition is also studied. As the phase-space decreases, the concatenation can be observed as the divergence of one of the bunching parameters, which also implies a strong short range correlation. In the case of a weak short range correlation, both types of binomial partitions lead to saturation for all the bunching parameters. As the phase-space increases, the effects of pair production can be observed as the oscillatory bunching parameters ηq — a function of order q. The characteristics of the observed features are discussed. Comparisons to experimental data are also presented.

Particle production in central Pb–Pb collisions at high energy

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 883-891
Author(s):  
F -H Liu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Recent Experimental Data ◽  
Na49 Collaboration ◽  
Momentum Distributions ◽  
Cylinder Model

The rapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of particles produced in central Pb–Pb collisions at high energy are analyzed by the thermalized cylinder model. The calculated results are compared and found to be in agreement with the recent experimental data of the NA49 Collaboration. PACS Nos.: 25.75-q, 24.10Pa

scholarly journals What Can We Learn from (Pseudo)Rapidity Distribution in High Energy Collisions?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Hu Liu ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Jian-Xin Sun ◽  
Bao-Chun Li
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Rapidity Distribution ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Final State ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Momentum Plane ◽  
High Energy Collisions

Based on the (pseudo)rapidity distribution of final-state particles produced in proton-proton (pp) collisions at high energy, the probability distributions of momenta, longitudinal momenta, transverse momenta (transverse masses), energies, velocities, longitudinal velocities, transverse velocities, and emission angles of the considered particles are obtained in the framework of a multisource thermal model. The number density distributions of particles in coordinate and momentum spaces and related transverse planes, the particle dispersion plots in longitudinal and transverse coordinate spaces, and the particle dispersion plots in transverse momentum plane at the stage of freeze out in high energyppcollisions are also obtained.

Quarkonia in high energy nuclear collisions

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1530015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunpeng Liu ◽  
Kai Zhou ◽  
Pengfei Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nuclear Collisions ◽  
Matter Effects ◽  
Ion Collisions ◽  
Quarkonium Production ◽  
High Energy Collisions ◽  
Transport Approach

We first review the cold and hot nuclear matter effects on quarkonium production in high energy collisions, then discuss three kinds of models to describe the quarkonium suppression and regeneration: the sequential dissociation, the statistical production and the transport approach, and finally make comparisons between the models and the experimental data from heavy ion collisions at SPS, RHIC and LHC energies.

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