Biological specificity and measurable physical properties of cell surface receptors and their possible role in signal transduction through the cytoskeleton

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Forgacs
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Cell Surface Receptors ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Surface Receptors

It is proposed that the binding specificities of cell adhesion molecules are manifested in their measurable physical properties. A method specifically designed to measure the interfacial tension of cell aggregates is described. With the introduction of a statistical mechanical model, the measured values of tensions for aggregates consisting of genetically engineered cells with controlled adhesive properties are used to obtain information on the strength of individual receptor–ligand bonds. The strength of binding must depend on the receptor and its ligand and reflects the amino acid sequence of the binding proteins. Many of the cell surface receptors, being transmembrane proteins, are attached to the various macromolecular networks of the cytoskeleton; therefore, it is suggested that their ligation and ensuing conformational change may substantially affect the mechanical state of the cytoskeletal assemblies. Since these assemblies are believed to actively participate in intracellular signaling by transmitting signals from the cell membrane into the nucleus, the cell adhesion molecules may influence signaling in a predictable way through their measurable physical characteristics. In particular, varying bond strength at the cell surface may lead to differential gene regulation.Key words: cell adhesion, surface tension, signaling, network, filament.

scholarly journals Cell Adhesion by Integrins

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1655-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bachmann ◽  
Sampo Kukkurainen ◽  
Vesa P. Hytönen ◽  
Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cell Surface Receptors ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Center Stage ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Connection ◽  
New Generation

Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors ensuring the mechanical connection between cells and the extracellular matrix. In addition to the anchorage of cells to the extracellular matrix, these receptors have critical functions in intracellular signaling, but are also taking center stage in many physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide some historical, structural, and physiological notes so that the diverse functions of these receptors can be appreciated and put into the context of the emerging field of mechanobiology. We propose that the exciting journey of the exploration of these receptors will continue for at least another new generation of researchers.

scholarly journals Stick around: Cell–Cell Adhesion Molecules during Neocortical Development

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
David de Agustín-Durán ◽  
Isabel Mateos-White ◽  
Jaime Fabra-Beser ◽  
Cristina Gil-Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Neocortical Development ◽  
Classical Cadherins ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
Cell Cell

The neocortex is an exquisitely organized structure achieved through complex cellular processes from the generation of neural cells to their integration into cortical circuits after complex migration processes. During this long journey, neural cells need to establish and release adhesive interactions through cell surface receptors known as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several types of CAMs have been described regulating different aspects of neurodevelopment. Whereas some of them mediate interactions with the extracellular matrix, others allow contact with additional cells. In this review, we will focus on the role of two important families of cell–cell adhesion molecules (C-CAMs), classical cadherins and nectins, as well as in their effectors, in the control of fundamental processes related with corticogenesis, with special attention in the cooperative actions among the two families of C-CAMs.

scholarly journals Identification of novel cell-adhesion molecules in peripheral nerves using a signal-sequence trap

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVO SPIEGEL ◽  
KONSTANTIN ADAMSKY ◽  
MENAHEM EISENBACH ◽  
YAEL ESHED ◽  
ADRIAN SPIEGEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Rat Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Myelinated Nerves

The development and maintenance of myelinated nerves in the PNS requires constant and reciprocal communication between Schwann cells and their associated axons. However, little is known about the nature of the cell-surface molecules that mediate axon–glial interactions at the onset of myelination and during maintenance of the myelin sheath in the adult. Based on the rationale that such molecules contain a signal sequence in order to be presented on the cell surface, we have employed a eukaryotic-based, signal-sequence-trap approach to identify novel secreted and membrane-bound molecules that are expressed in myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells. Using cDNA libraries derived from dbcAMP-stimulated primary Schwann cells and 3-day-old rat sciatic nerve mRNAs, we generated an extensive list of novel molecules expressed in myelinating nerves in the PNS. Many of the identified proteins are cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, most of which have not been described previously in Schwann cells. In addition, we have identified several signaling receptors, growth and differentiation factors, ecto-enzymes and proteins that are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi network. We further examined the expression of several of the novel molecules in Schwann cells in culture and in rat sciatic nerve by primer-specific, real-time PCR and in situ hybridization. Our results indicate that myelinating Schwann cells express a battery of novel CAMs that might mediate their interactions with the underlying axons.

scholarly journals Impaired chemotaxis and cell adhesion due to decrease in several cell-surface receptors in cathepsin E-deficient macrophages

2009 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tsukuba ◽  
M. Yanagawa ◽  
K. Okamoto ◽  
Y. Okamoto ◽  
Y. Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Receptors ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Cathepsin E

scholarly journals Cadherins, Selectins, and Integrins in CAM-DR in Leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Na Kim ◽  
Yongsheng Ruan ◽  
Heather Ogana ◽  
Yong-Mi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Surface Molecules

The interaction between leukemia cells and the bone microenvironment is known to provide drug resistance in leukemia cells. This phenomenon, called cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR), has been demonstrated in many subsets of leukemia including B- and T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B- and T-ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are surface molecules that allow cell–cell or cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. CAMs not only recognize ligands for binding but also initiate the intracellular signaling pathways that are associated with cell proliferation, survival, and drug resistance upon binding to their ligands. Cadherins, selectins, and integrins are well-known cell adhesion molecules that allow binding to neighboring cells, ECM proteins, and soluble factors. The expression of cadherin, selectin, and integrin correlates with the increased drug resistance of leukemia cells. This paper will review the role of cadherins, selectins, and integrins in CAM-DR and the results of clinical trials targeting these molecules.

scholarly journals Dynamic Monitoring of Cell Adhesion and Spreading on Microelectronic Sensor Arrays

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 795-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine M. Atienza ◽  
Jenny Zhu ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Yama Abassi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Cell Surface Receptors ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Surface Receptors

Cellular interaction with and adhesion on different biological surfaces is a dynamic and integrated process requiring the participation of specialized cell surface receptors, structural proteins, signaling proteins, and the cellular cytoskeleton. In this report, the authors describe a label-free and real-time method for measuring and monitoring cell adhesion on special microplates integrated with electronic cell sensor arrays. These plates were used in conjunction with the real-time cell electronic sensing (RT-CES™) system to dynamically and quantitatively monitor the specific interaction of fibroblasts with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and compared with standard adhesion techniques. Cell adhesion on ECM-coated cell sensor arrays is dependent on the concentration of ECMproteins coated and is inhibited by agents that disrupt the interaction of ECM with cell surface receptors. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate that the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton is required for productive cell adhesion and spreading on ECM-coated microelectronic sensors. Confirming earlier results, it is shown that interfering with Src expression or activity, via siRNA or small molecule, results in the disruption of adhesion and spreading of Bx PC3cells. The results indicate that the RT-CES system offers a convenient and quantitative means of assessing the kinetics of cell adhesion in a high-throughput manner.

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