β-D-Xylosidase from Penicillium wortmanni: binding and hydrolysis of alkyl and aryl 1-oxygen and 1-thio-β-D-xylopyranosides

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Deleyn ◽  
M. Claeyssens ◽  
C. K. De Bruyne
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Aliphatic Chain ◽  
Displacement Mechanism ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Competitive Inhibitors ◽  
Steric Factors ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The influence of the chain length in n-alkyl β-D-xylopyranosides and of the para substituents in aryl β-D-xylopyranosides on the kinetic parameters (Ka, V) for hydrolysis of these substrates by a β-D-xylosidase from Penicillium wortmanni, has been investigated. Binding of the corresponding 1-thio derivatives as competitive inhibitors (Ki) was studied for comparative purposes. For the n-alkyl substrates, a slight dependency of V on the chain length is noted, whereas the aryl β-D-xylopyranosides show nearly constant V values. The influence of the aglycon on Ka and Ki values is complex; for the n-alkyl derivatives the contribution of the hydrophobicity of the aliphatic chain seems predominant, although steric factors cannot be neglected. These results, together with previous observations, can tentatively be interpreted in terms of a double-displacement mechanism.

Influence of medium on alkaline hydrolysis of succinic acid monomethyl and monopropyl esters

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2873-2882
Author(s):  
Vladislav Holba ◽  
Ján Benko
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Nonaqueous Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of succinic acid monomethyl and monopropyl esters were studied in mixed aqueous-nonaqueous media at various temperatures and ionic strengths. The results of measurements are discussed in terms of electrostatic and specific interactions between the reactants and other components of the reaction mixture. The kinetic parameters in the media under study are related to the influence of the cosolvent on the solvation sphere of the reactants.

Suppression of Radical-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in a Model System by Alkyl Esters of Cinnamate Quaternary Ammonium Salts

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Krasowska ◽  
Maria Stasiuk ◽  
Malgorzata Oswiecimska ◽  
Arkadiusz Kozubek ◽  
Malgorzata Bien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Salts ◽  
Alkyl Chain Length ◽  
Ammonium Salts ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Aliphatic Chain

AbstractThree new groups of phenolic antioxidants, quaternary ammonium salts with a phenol ring and alkyl chains of different length (pyrrolidine ethyl esters of 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxydihydrocinnamic acid n-alkoxymethylchlorides (PYE-n) or n-alkylbromides (PYA-n) and 2-dimethylaminoethyl ester n-alkylbromides (PPA-n), were synthesized. Some of them were previously found to efficiently protect yeast cells against oxidants and to inhibit the production of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in whole yeast cells and in isolated membrane lipids. The new antioxidants (at 1-100 μm) abolished or diminished peroxidation of oliwe oil emulsions caused by the OH•-producing Fe2+ and RO• and ROO•-producing tertbutylhydroperoxide (TBHP) and the azo compounds 2,2′-azobis-(amidinopropane)dihydronitrile (AAPH) and 1,1′-azobis-(1-cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (ACHN): all present at 10 mᴍ . The efficiency of individual both antioxidants was examined in relation to the type of lipid peroxidation inducer, the site of antioxidant incorporation into the emulsion lipid phase, the length of the alkyl chain, and the maximum concentration of effective antioxidant monomers given by its critical micelle concentration. PYA-n class compounds were highly efficient against all peroxidation inducers and their efficiency did not depend on the position of their molecules in the lipid phase and/or on the aliphatic chain length. In contrast, the efficiency of PYE-n and PPA-n class compounds depended both on the type of oxidant and on the length of their aliphatic chain. Their potency against Fe2+ and ACHN increased with increasing alkyl chain length whereas with AAPH it dropped with increasing alkyl chain length. A similar pattern was found with the action of PYE-n against TBHP whereas in the PPA-n group an extending alkyl chain reduced the anti-TBHP efficiency. These relationships may not be entirely straightforward and other factors (chemical nature of each compound, its possible interaction with fluorescent probes used for diagnostics, etc.) may play a considerable and not yet quite clear role. PPA-n class antioxidants have the lowest critical micelle concentration, which may limit their efficiency. Nevertheless, these phenolic antioxidants can be conveniently employed as highly efficient inhibitors of lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Optimized acid hydrolysis of the polysaccharides from the seaweed Solieria filiformis (Kützing) P.W. Gabrielson for bioethanol production

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Meredite Cunha de Castro ◽  
Norma Maria Barros Benevides ◽  
Maulori Curié Cabral ◽  
Rafael De Souza Miranda ◽  
Enéas Gomes Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Seaweed Species ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Solieria Filiformis

 The seaweeds are bio-resource rich in sulfated and neutral polysaccharides. The tropical seaweed species used in this study (Solieria filiformis), after dried, shows 65.8% (w/w) carbohydrate, 9.6% (w/w) protein, 1.7% (w/w) lipid, 7.0% (w/w) moisture and 15.9% (w/w) ash. The dried seaweed was easily hydrolyzed under mild conditions (0.5 M sulfuric acid, 20 min.), generating fermentable monosaccharides with a maximum hydrolysis efficiency of 63.21%. Galactose and glucose present in the hydrolyzed were simultaneously fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae when the yeast was acclimated to galactose and cultivated in broth containing only galactose. The kinetic parameters of the fermentation of the seaweed hydrolyzed were Y(P⁄S) = 0.48 ± 0.02 g.g−1, PP = 0.27 ± 0.04 g.L−1.h−1, h = 94.1%, representing a 41% increase in bioethanol productivity. Therefore, S. filiformis was a promising renewable resource of polysaccharides easily hydrolyzed, generating a broth rich in fermentable monosaccharides for ethanol production. 

Influence of chain length on the rate of hydrolysis of polyoxymethylene ethers

1972 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1447-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Stanonis ◽  
Walter D. King ◽  
Sidney L. Vail
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals Acidic hydrolysis of astilbin and its application for the preparation of taxifolin from Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae

2020 ◽  
pp. 174751982094835
Author(s):  
Xiao-Lin Qiu ◽  
Qing-Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Hydrolysis Reaction ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Acidic Hydrolysis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Hcl Concentration ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The acidic hydrolysis of astilbin to produce its aglycone, taxifolin, was investigated in this study. The effects of aq. HCl concentration and temperature on the reaction were studied, and the kinetic parameters were calculated. The results showed that with higher aq. HCl concentration and temperature, the hydrolysis of astilbin became faster. The activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction under 1 mol L−1 aq. HCl was calculated with a value of 148.6 kJ mol−1. The reaction was successfully applied to produce taxifolin from a sample of Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae. A simple method for the purification of taxifolin from Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae was developed with purity of 97.5%.

scholarly journals Acid hydrolysis of native and annealed wheat, potato and pea starches—DSC melting features and chain length distributions of lintnerised starches

1998 ◽  
Vol 308 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 359-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Jacobs ◽  
Relinde C Eerlingen ◽  
Nathalie Rouseu ◽  
Paul Colonna ◽  
Jan A Delcour
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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