Enzyme Activities During Culturing of Fetal Rat Liver

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorne Kirby ◽  
Peter Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rats ◽  
Tyrosine Transaminase ◽  
Simple Medium ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Early Rise ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferases

Liver from fetal rats was cultured in a simple medium. In such cultures tyrosine transaminase (TTA) activity had increased after 20 min and reached twice the initial value within 2 h. Phosphoenolpyruvate earboxykinase (PEPCK) activity decreased during culturing. Incubation of microsomes from fresh fetal liver with dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DcAMP), oleic acid, or acetyl-CoA led to an increase in their TTA activity. It is suggested that the early rise in TTA during culturing is due to release of the enzyme from the microsomal fraction. In contrast to human fetal liver, oleic acid did not induce PEPCK in rat fetal liver cultures. In neither species was there an effect of DcAMP on the amount of fatty acids in the culture medium or on the activities of carnitine acetyl- and carnitine palmitoyltransferases.

Effects of Steroids on Fetal Rat Liver

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Methyl Prednisolone ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Toxic Agents ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Neonatal Liver

Fetal and neonatal liver injury induced by agents circulating in maternal plasma, even though well recognized, its morphological manifestations are not yet established. As part of our studies of fetal and neonatal liver injury induced by maternal nutritional disorders, metabolic impairment and toxic agents, the effects of two anti-inflammatory steroids have been recently inves tigated.Triamcinolone and methyl prednisolone were injected each in a group of rats during pregnancy at a-dosage level of 2 mgm three times a week. Fetal liver was studied at 18 days of gestation. Litter size and weight markedly decreased than those of control rats. Stillbirths and resorption were of higher incidence in the triamcinolone group than in those given the prednisolone.

scholarly journals Expression of cytochrome CYP2B1/2 in nonpregnant, pregnant and fetal rats exposed to tobacco smoke.

2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1115-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Czekaj ◽  
A Wiaderkiewicz ◽  
E Florek ◽  
R Wiaderkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rats ◽  
Brain Microsomes ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver

Four-month-old female Wistar rats were exposed for 20 days to tobacco smoke obtained from non-filter cigarettes. During the exposure, concentration of tobacco smoke was monitored indirectly by measuring the CO level (1500 mg/m3 air). The efficacy of exposure was assessed by measuring urine nicotine and cotinine levels. Cigarette smoke did not change total cytochrome P450 and b5 protein levels in any of the organs studied, and most of these organs did not show any changes in the activity of reductases associated with these cytochromes. Following exposure to tobacco smoke, fetal rat liver expressed CYP2B1/2 protein; in newborns (day 1) both liver and lung showed CYP2B1/2 protein expression and very low pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activity. Western blot analysis of adult liver, lung, heart, but not of brain microsomes, showed that tobacco smoke induced CYP2B1/2 in both nonpregnant and pregnant rats, though its expression was lower in the livers and hearts of pregnant females. In the rat and human placenta, neither rat CYP2B1/2 nor human CYP2B6 showed basal or tobacco smoke-induced expression at the protein level. This study shows clearly that the expression of CYP2B1/2, which metabolizes nicotine and some drugs and activates carcinogens, is controlled in rats by age-, pregnancy-, and tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms.

Multiple forms of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase are expressed in perinatal rat liver

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (2) ◽  
pp. E244-E250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Casado ◽  
L. Bosca ◽  
P. Martin-Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Ribonuclease Protection Assay ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Transcription Analysis ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Protected Fragment ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Ribonuclease Protection

Fetal rat liver expresses a 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK-2/Fru-2,6-Pase2) form that differs from the adult liver enzyme in the inhibition by phosphorylation by the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase and in the recognition by an antibody specific for the NH2-terminal domain of the adult liver enzyme. Northern blot analysis shows that fetal hepatocytes contain a species of mRNA that is 2.2 kb in size and that exhibits the maximal levels after delivery. PFK-2/Fru-2,6-Pase2 mRNA analysis using a sensitive ribonuclease protection assay reveals the presence of nearly similar amounts of adult liver-specific and skeletal muscle-specific mRNA in fetal liver and hepatocytes during the last days of gestation, as well as a 233-bp protected fragment present in fetal liver. These results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction using specific oligonucleotide pairs. Primer extension of fetal liver cDNA suggests the presence of two initiation sites of transcription. Analysis of the adult liver PFK-2/Fru-2,6-Pase2 protein during the perinatal transition using a specific antibody shows a marked accumulation of this form immediately after birth.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON PRIMARY CULTURES OF DIFFERENTIATED FETAL LIVER CELLS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Leffert ◽  
D. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Primary Cell Culture ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Rat Liver Cells ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Fetal Liver Cells

A method for culturing non- or slowly growing, differentiated fetal rat liver cells is described. It involves the use of collagenase as a digesting agent and of a selective medium deficient in arginine which suppresses the growth of nonparenchymal liver cells. Evidence is presented that surviving cells (a) retain liver-specific urea cycle functions measured by their capacity to transform ornithine into arginine, (b) synthesize DNA in glucose-deficient medium, and (c) synthesize and secrete albumin. This primary cell culture responds to partially hepatectomized rat serum and may be an appropriate assay system for the study of mechanisms which regulate liver regeneration.

scholarly journals Transplantation of Amniotic Epithelial Cells into Fetal Rat Liver by In Utero Manipulation

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanae Takahashi ◽  
Shin Enosawa ◽  
Tasuku Mitani ◽  
Hua Lu ◽  
Seiichi Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Gene Carrier ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Amniotic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Number Of Cells

It has been hoped that amniotic epithelial cells would be a gene carrier to neural and hepatic tissue, because of 1) the presence of neural and hepatic stem-like cells, 2) the ability to cryopreserve them, 3) long-term survival in the transplanted site, and 4) few ethical problems concerning procurement. But transplantation of a sufficient number of cells to adult tissue needs large-scale cell supply and may lead to vascular embolism. We attempted transplantation of amniotic epithelial cells into fetal liver, because 1) the fetal liver is at the proliferative stage, 2) the number of cells required is small, and 3) the fetal stage is advantageous for the induction of immunological tolerance. Amniotic epithelial cells from day 18.5–20.5 fetuses were transfected with adenoviral AdlacZ and harvested to inject into fetal rat liver of the syngeneic strain (day 18.5–20.5). The efficacy of cell transplantation into the liver increased in the order: intraplacental < intraumbilical vein < intrahepatic route. LacZ-transfected amniotic cells (1–8 × 105 cells), hepatocytes (5 × 105 cells), or AdlacZ vector solution (1.7 × 107 pfu) were injected through the uterine membrane into the liver. Transplanted cells formed a cellular mass and survived for up to 14 days after birth, whereas lacZ-transfected cells were rapidly decreased after the injection of AdlacZ vector or rat hepatocytes as a gene carrier so that the use of amniotic epithelial cells as a gene carrier will result in long-term expression of exogenous genes in the liver.

Evidence for glucocorticosteroid receptors in the erythroid cell line of fetal rat liver

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mayeux ◽  
C. Billat ◽  
J. M. Felix ◽  
R. Jacquot
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Erythroid Cell ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Major Peak ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Macromolecular Component

A role for glucocorticosteroids in the evolution of the rat fetal liver erythropoiesis in vivo has been proposed; accordingly suppressible binding of [3H]dexamethasone by intact liver erythroid cells at 4 °C has been described. The nature of this binding was further investigated in the present paper. Suspensions of cells of the erythroid line were prepared from liver erythropoietic tissue obtained from fetuses aged 15 or 16 days. Suppressible binding of [3H]dexamethasone was studied on these suspensions. After incubation at 4 °C, approximately 89 per cent of this binding was located in the cytosol (100 000 g supernatant fraction), was excluded from Sephadex G-50 columns and was not adsorbed on activated charcoal; 11·3 ± 2·6 (s.d.) per cent (n = 4) of the suppressible binding was present in the nucleus. When cells prelabelled with [3H]dexamethasone at 4 °C were warmed to 37 °C, 52 ± 10 per cent (n = 5) of the suppressible binding was rapidly transferred to the nucleus. The suppressible radioactivity present in the cytosols at 4 °C was eluted from diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)–cellulose columns, in the presence of molybdate, as a single peak (peak II) at phosphate concentrations between 200 and 250 mmol/l. When these cytosols were warmed at 25 °C before chromatography, the radioactivity was eluted from DEAE-cellulose as a major peak (peak I) at phosphate concentrations between 50 and 70 mmol/l, and as a smaller peak corresponding to peak II. The presence of molybdate during the incubation at 25 °C prevented the formation of peak I. The suppressible binding present in the cytosols of cells incubated at 37 °C was eluted from DEAE–cellulose columns in two equivalent peaks corresponding to peaks I and II. It was concluded that [3H]dexamethasone was bound to a macromolecular component sharing the properties generally ascribed to the receptor of glucocorticosteroids.

Erythroid colony formation by fetal rat liver and spleen cells in vitro: inhibition by a low relative molecular mass component of fetal spleen

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
M.D. Nagel ◽  
J. Nagel
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rats ◽  
Percoll Gradients ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Fraction

Liver and spleen hematopoietic cell suspensions from 20-day-old-fetal rats were fractionated on Percoll gradients. A granulocyte-rich splenic fraction inhibited CFUe production by cultures of a CFUe-enriched liver fraction, and by cultures of unfractionated liver and spleen hematopoietic cells. Conditioned medium from the spleen cell fraction contained an inhibitor of relative molecular mass, Mr, 25–35 × 10(3). The sensitivity of spleen cells to the inhibitor varied with the age of the fetus from which they were derived (20-day-old less than 18-and 19-day-old). No such age-dependence was found for liver cells. The inhibitor affects cycling CFUe, blocks the lethal effect of AraC, does not appear to be lineage-specific and its influence can be reversed by washing.

Influence of age, adrenalectomy, and corticosteroids on hepatic transaminase activity

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homer R. Harding ◽  
Fred Rosen ◽  
Charles A. Nichol
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Transaminase Activity ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Hepatic Transaminase ◽  
Fetal Rat Liver

The activity of alanine-α-ketoglutarate transaminase in rat liver was found to be uniform during the first 6 weeks of life, increasing thereafter until at 48 weeks of age the specific activity was seven times greater than in the immature rat. In rats varying in age from 4 days to 24 weeks, treatment with 1 mg of cortisol for 4 days resulted in significant increases in hepatic alanine transaminase activity. Female rats were less responsive to cortisol treatment than were males. Fetal rat liver had significantly lower alanine transaminase activity than did newborn animals and the activity of this enzyme in fetal liver was not altered by cortisol treatment. Adrenalectomy of adult male rats, but not immature male rats, resulted in a decrease in alanine transaminase activity; after 48 hr, enzyme activity was depressed to levels found in unoperated immature rats. The sensitivity of the adrenalectomized animals to cortisol administration was comparable to that of intact animals. In contrast, the aspartate-α-ketoglutarate transaminase was not appreciably altered following cortisol treatment or adrenalectomy and did not increase with age.

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