EXCRETION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS BY MEN ON FAT-FREE DIET

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Ali ◽  
A. Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Methyl Heptadecanoate ◽  
Total Excretion

The fecal excretion of phospholipids was determined in three adult males during the last 4 days of three 8- to 16-day periods on a fat-free diet. The phospholipids were isolated and identified by column and thin-layer chromatography on silicic acid. The individual phospholipids were quantitatively estimated by gas chromatographic determination of the component fatty acids, using methyl heptadecanoate as internal standard. The range of total excretion of phospholipids was 64–100 mg/day per 100 g of dry feces. In all samples the major phospholipids were tentatively identified as phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl glycerol, and phosphatidyl inositol. Phosphatidyl ethanolamine made up 31–41% of the total excretion. All the phospholipids contained about the same fatty acids (C14–C27), but in somewhat varying proportions. Because of the occurrence of large amounts of the odd carbon number, among both branched and long chain fatty acids, which are not commonly associated with mammalian metabolism, the presence of phospholipids in the feces was attributed to bacterial synthesis.

Quantitative Gas-Chromatographic Determination of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Aqueous Samples

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1235-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis P Collin ◽  
Patrick G McCormick ◽  
Milton G Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract We report the use of SP-1200 (Supelco Inc.) for quantitative gas-chromatographic determination of short-chain fatty acids (C2-C5) in stool water. The ratio of peak areas for these acids to that for 2-methylvaleric acid (internal standard) is linear for each acid from 60 to 1800 mg/liter. Lactic acid, occasionally present in stool in abnormally high amounts, is not detectable as the free acid on SP-1200, but is determined as its propyl ester on diethyleneglycolsuccinate.

ANALYSIS OF LIPIDS IN COTTON EXTRAFLORAL NECTAR1

1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Stone ◽  
A. C. Thompson ◽  
H. N. Pitre
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Extrafloral Nectar ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Choline Phosphatidyl

Extrafloral cotton nectar subjected to gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of six fatty acids. Two saturated acids (palmitic and stearic) and four unsaturated acids (palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic), polar and neutral lipids, respectively, were identified. Thin layer chromotography separated six phospholipids including: phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl inositol, lysophosphatidyl choline, lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine, and an unknown. Fatty acid concentration was greatest in extrafloral nectar from young plants and decreased as the plants matured. The potential impact of extrafloral nectar lipid concentrations on predatory insects is discussed.

EXCRETION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS BY MEN ON HIGH FAT DIETS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Ali ◽  
A. Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Corn Oil ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ethanolamine Phosphatidyl ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

The fecal excretion of phospholipids was determined in three adult males during the last 4 days of eight dietary periods of 8–16 days on high corn oil and butterfat diets (35–60% of calories from fat). The phospholipids were isolated, identified, and quantitatively estimated by a combination of column, thin-layer, and gas chromatographic techniques. On both high fat diets the chief components of the fecal phospholipid mixtures were tentatively identified as phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, and phosphatidyl inositol. The output of total phospholipids in three subjects on butterfat ranged between 33 and 168 mg/day. Substitution of hydrogenated corn oil (45% of calories) and corn oil (60% of calories) for butterfat (35–60% of calories) led to increased excretion of phospholipids, 300 and 430 mg/day, respectively, for hydrogenated and refined corn oil. Addition of sitosterol to a butterfat diet also led to increased phospholipid output (208 mg/day), as did the mixing of butterfat and corn oil (180 mg/day). The changes in the total output of the phospholipids were accompanied by alterations in the proportions of the individual phospholipids as well as of the component fatty acids. It is concluded that the ingestion of corn oil or plant sterol leads to increased fecal output of phospholipids, when compared with butterfat and fat-free diets. A change in the activity or the population of the intestinal flora is suggested to explain this observation.

THE LIPIDS IN NORMAL CHICKEN LIVER

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 763-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrios Sgoutas
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Lipid ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cholesterol Esters ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

The livers of male chicks which had been fed a soybean and corn type ration for 8 weeks were exhaustively extracted with chloroform–methanol. The total (4.47%) lipid extract was separated into neutral and phospholipid fractions on a Unisil column and the mixed fatty acids in each fraction determined with the aid of gas chromatography. The neutral lipid fraction contained 3.16% hydrocarbons, 4.73% cholesterol esters, 74.99% triglycerides, 0.28% free fatty acids, 11.57% cholesterol, 3.37% diglycerides, and 1.54% monoglycerides. The phospholipid fraction contained 5.7% cardiolipin, 32.3% phosphatidyl ethanolamine, 7.3% phosphatidyl inositol, 3.0% phosphatidyl serine, 47.9% phosphatidyl choline, and 3.8% sphingomyelin and lysophosphatidyl choline. The cholesterol ester and diglyceride fractions contained twice as much linoleic acid as the other neutral lipid fractions. Phospholipids were characterized by a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Observations on the in vitro Effects of Chylomicra, Low-Density Lipoproteins and Phospholipids on Human Plasma Euglobulin Lysis

1963 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert R Pappenhagen ◽  
J. L Koppel ◽  
John H Olwin
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Inositol ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Soybean Phospholipids ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Complete Precipitation

SummaryData have been presented on the in vitro effects of human chylomicra, low-density human plasma lipoproteins, and partially purified preparations of various phospholipids on human plasma euglobulin lysis. Euglobulin lysis was found to be accelerated by preparations of mixed soybean phospholipids (aso-lectin), cephalin, phosphatidyl inositol, phophatidyl serine and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. In contrast, it was found to be inhibited by preparations of human chylomicra, low-density human plasma liproproteins and lecithin. Inhibition of euglobulin lysis produced by any of these three agents could be diminished or completely overcome by the simultaneous presence of suitable levels of any one of the accelerating agents. In all cases studied, both inhibitory and accelerating effects were observed to be concentration-dependent. Evidence has been obtained to suggest that in the case of the accelerating agents the observed increased rate of euglobulin lysis is not a direct effect on lysis itself, but rather is due to more complete precipitation of plasminogen in the presence of these substances. On the other hand, it appears that the inhibitory effects observed are not related to the extent of plasminogen precipitation, but are actually true inhibitions of euglobulin lysis. The possible clinical significance of some of these observations has been briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Exploitation of HPLC Analytical Method for Simultaneous Determination of Six Principal Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Oviductus Ranae Based on Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Components by Single-Marker (QAMS)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Shihan Wang ◽  
Yuanshuai Gan ◽  
Hong Kan ◽  
Xinxin Mao ◽  
Yongsheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
External Standard Method ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Oviductus Ranae

As one of the featured products in northeast China, Oviductus Ranae has been widely used as a nutritious food, which contains a variety of bioactive unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). It is necessary to establish a scientific and reliable determination method of UFA contents in Oviductus Ranae. In this work, six principal UFAs in Oviductus Ranae, namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (ARA), linoleic acid (LA) and oleic acid (OA), were identified using UPLC-MS/MS. The UFAs identified in Oviductus Ranae were further separated based on the optimized RP-HPLC conditions. Quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) method was implemented in content determination of EPA, ALA, DHA, ARA and OA, where LA was used as the internal standard. The experiments based on Taguchi design verified the robustness of the QAMS method on different HPLC instruments and chromatographic columns. The QAMS and external standard method (ESM) were used to calculate the UFA content of 15 batches of Oviductus Ranae samples from different regions. The relative error (r < 0.73%) and cosine coefficient showed that the two methods obtained similar contents, and the method validations met the requirements. The results showed that QAMS can comprehensively and effectively control the quality of UFAs in Oviductus Ranae which provides new ideas and solutions for studying the active components in Oviductus Ranae.

scholarly journals Perilla frutescens: a potential ingredient for the enhancement of white bread as a source of Omega-3

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Marcos Vieira da Silva ◽  
Andréia Vieira da Silva ◽  
Elton Guntendorfer Bonafé ◽  
Nilson Evelázio de Souza ◽  
Jesuí Vergílio Visentainer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sensorial Attributes

Perilla frutescens seeds are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids which are important for human health. Intake of fatty acids depends on their presence in popular foods such as white bread. Current study evaluates the replacement of wheat flour by whole perilla at 1, 3 and 5% in white bread processing and its impacts on chemical and sensorial attributes, underscoring Omega-3 amounts. The use of whole perilla increases the Omega-3 content in white bread, balances the ratio n-6/n-3, decreases the specific volume, and maintains the concentration of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The formulation with 1% whole perilla has a better acceptability and supplies 5.63 and 8.19% of the American recommended daily intake of alpha-linolenic acid for adult males and females, respectively. 

High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Memantine in Human Urine Following Solid-Phase Extraction and Precolumn Derivatization

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Michail ◽  
Hoda Daabees ◽  
Youssef Beltagy ◽  
Magdy Abd Elkhalek ◽  
Mona Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Uv Detector

Abstract A validated HPLC-UV method is presented for the quantification of urinary memantine hydrochloride, a novel medication approved to treat moderate and advanced cases of Alzheimer's disease. The drug and amantadine hydrochloride, the internal standard, were extracted from human urine using SPE. The extract was then buffered and derivatized at room temperature using o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cyteine. Chromatographic separation of the formed derivatives was achieved on a C18 column using methanol–water mobile phase adjusted to pH 7 and pumped isocratically at 1 mL/min. The UV detector was set at 340 nm. The chromatographic run time did not exceed 10 min. The LOD and LOQ were 8 and 20 ng/mL, respectively. The RSDs for intraday and interday precisions did not exceed 5.5%. The method was used to monitor memantine hydrochloride in human urine in order to determine an appropriate sampling interval for future noninvasive therapeutic drug monitoring. The assay could also be applied to the determination of amantadine. The described assay showed that a postdosing time interval of 25–75 h seems adequate for sampling and monitoring memantine in urine.

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