NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE LEVELS IN RAT BRAIN

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Christine Brown
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Severe Deficiency

Albino rats were fed diets which were deficient in tryptophan, niacin, or both, until severe deficiency symptoms appeared. The brains were analyzed for their content of oxidized and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD), which are derived from dietary tryptophan and niacin. Deficiencies of tryptophan or niacin had little or no effects on the levels of NAD in rat brain. The injection of niacinamide in massive doses caused a 50 to 75% increase in the NAD levels. Reserpine had no significant effect on brain NAD. No "tranquilizing" or depressing effects were noticed after niacinamide injection.

scholarly journals Release, neuronal effects and removal of extracellular β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-NAD+) in the rat brain

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie Durnin ◽  
Yanping Dai ◽  
Isamu Aiba ◽  
C. William Shuttleworth ◽  
Ilia A. Yamboliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine

scholarly journals LOCALIZATION OF NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE-DEPENDENT DEHYDROGENASES IN CATECHOLAMINE-CONTAINING NEURONS OF RAT BRAIN STUDIES ON THE NUCLEUS LOCUS CERULEUS

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. KAUFFMAN ◽  
F. E. BLOOM ◽  
K. L. SIMS ◽  
V. M. PICKEL
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stem ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Locus Ceruleus ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Histochemical and cytochemical methods have been used to localize glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, isocitrate (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)) dehydrogenase and malic enzyme in the nucleus locus ceruleus and other catecholamine-containing neuronal groups of the rat brain stem. The four NADP-dependent dehydrogenases were studied by both quantitative and qualitative histochemical techniques using adjacent tissue sections. Both types of analyses were done on neuronal nuclei known to contain catecholamines in high concentration, the nucleus locus ceruleus and the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion; other known catecholamine-containing nuclei were surveyed by the cytologic technique only. There was intense staining of cell bodies and neuropil of the nucleus locus ceruleus after all four of the NADP dehydrogenase histochemical reactions. In contrast, little staining was observed in the adjacent vestibular nuclei or mesencephalic root nucleus of the trigeminal with the exception of appreciable glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity present in neuropil elements. Quantitative microchemical determinations in the nucleus locus ceruleus corroborate the histochemical results which indicated high NADP dehydrogenase activities particularly for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. This same pattern of high NADP enzyme activity as determined by combined cytochemical and quantitative chemical techniques was also observed in the superior cervical ganglion and cytochemically in other catecholamine-containing nuclei of the brain stem. Our findings suggest that a high capacity to generate or utilize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) may be characteristic of those neurons which either receive adrenergic terminals or synthesize catecholamines.

Stereospecific binding sites for [3H]nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in the rat brain

1985 ◽  
Vol 116 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope H. Snell ◽  
Christopher R. Snell ◽  
Christopher D. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and the Metabolism of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde

1967 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Majchrowicz ◽  
B. L. Bercaw ◽  
W. M. Cole ◽  
D. H. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine
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