THE RELATION BETWEEN THE STAINING PROPERTIES OF THE THYROIDAL COLLOID AND ITS IODINE CONTENT

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
Q. N. LaHam
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aniline Blue ◽  
Cell Height ◽  
Orange G

A new staining technique has been developed for the thyroid gland involving the use of two components of the Mallory connective tissue stain, aniline blue and orange G in reversed proportions.Various indices such as incorporation of radioiodine, epithelial cell height, and number of blue and yellow staining follicles and total number of follicles have been used to test the validity of the color reaction in the colloid. The comparison of these diverse indices strongly suggests that the colloid material which stains with aniline blue corresponds to iodinated thyroglobulin, while the yellow staining material appears to be devoid of biologically active iodinated amino acids.

THE RELATION BETWEEN THE STAINING PROPERTIES OF THE THYROIDAL COLLOID AND ITS IODINE CONTENT

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DesMarais ◽  
Q. N. LaHam
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aniline Blue ◽  
Cell Height ◽  
Orange G

A new staining technique has been developed for the thyroid gland involving the use of two components of the Mallory connective tissue stain, aniline blue and orange G in reversed proportions.Various indices such as incorporation of radioiodine, epithelial cell height, and number of blue and yellow staining follicles and total number of follicles have been used to test the validity of the color reaction in the colloid. The comparison of these diverse indices strongly suggests that the colloid material which stains with aniline blue corresponds to iodinated thyroglobulin, while the yellow staining material appears to be devoid of biologically active iodinated amino acids.

DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-INDUCED THYROTROPHIN RELEASE DURING HEAT STRESS IN RATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. TAL ◽  
F. G. SULMAN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Cell Height ◽  
Thyroid Epithelial Cell ◽  
Serum Tsh

SUMMARY Six groups each of 12 male albino rats were reared from day 21 of life at temperatures of 23, 34 or 37 °C. While the rats survived for unlimited periods at 23 and 34 °C, the animals reared at 37 °C succumbed within 5 days to heat stress. The latter group, when injected s.c. or i.p. with 50 mg dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA)/kg/day were no longer affected by the heat. During this treatment thyroid epithelial cell height doubled, colloid decreased by 20%, connective tissue did not change, the basic metabolic rate decreased by 10% and rectal temperatures of the treated rats increased with the ambient temperatures. Body weight increased only slightly, pituitary TSH decreased by 25%, serum TSH increased by over 50%, thyroxine and 125I uptake increased by 200%. The survival of the DHA-treated rats was apparently secured by blocking the hypothalamic thermoreceptors.

A simple staining technique to demonstrate the sporozoite refractile globule in coccidian parasites

Parasitology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Peirce
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Aniline Blue ◽  
Acid Fuchsin ◽  
Blue Colour ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Coccidian Parasites ◽  
Orange G ◽  
Rapid Scanning

A staining technique was developed for locating the sporozoites of Eimeria spp. in both mammalian and avian hosts. Bouin-fixed tissues embedded in Paraffin wax and cut at a thickness of 3 μg were stained by a controlled sequence of Ehrlich's haematoxylin, acid fuchsin and aniline blue–orange G–acetic acid which took only 30 min to perform. The refractile globule of the sporozoite stained a brilliant crimson whilst the tissue had an overall blue colour, thus enabling rapid scanning of material under low-power magnification. The granules of eosinophils and heterophils also stained a brilliant crimson and their significance in immunological responses indicates a wider application for this technique.

Effect of Estrone on Some Criteria of Thyroid Function

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warner H. Florsheim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
Total Iodine

The effects of estrogen upon thyroidal I131 uptake, hormone discharge, total iodine content and distribution of radioiodine among the iodinated amino acids of the thyroid gland have been investigated in orchiectomized rats. Acute administration of estrone increased significantly the 24-hour I131 uptake and augmented thyroidal weight at the higher of the two levels employed. It had no effect upon the serum PBI, the I127 content of the thyroid or the iodinated amino acid pattern. I131 discharge from the thyroid was slowed significantly by estrone, both on a stock diet and when propylthiouracil was used to block I131 reaccumulation.

scholarly journals Reconstitution in Proteoliposomes of the Recombinant Human Riboflavin Transporter 2 (SLC52A2) Overexpressed in E. coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Console ◽  
Maria Tolomeo ◽  
Matilde Colella ◽  
Maria Barile ◽  
Cesare Indiveri
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Native Protein ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Riboflavin Transport

Background: the SLC52A2 gene encodes for the riboflavin transporter 2 (RFVT2). This transporter is ubiquitously expressed. It mediates the transport of Riboflavin across cell membranes. Riboflavin plays a crucial role in cells since its biologically active forms, FMN and FAD, are essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. Mutation of the Riboflavin transporters is a risk factor for anemia, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration. Inborn mutations of SLC52A2 are associated with Brown-Vialetto-van Laere syndrome, a rare neurological disorder characterized by infancy onset. In spite of the important metabolic and physio/pathological role of this transporter few data are available on its function and regulation. Methods: the human recombinant RFVT2 has been overexpressed in E. coli, purified and reconstituted into proteoliposomes in order to characterize its activity following the [3H]Riboflavin transport. Results: the recombinant hRFVT2 showed a Km of 0.26 ± 0.07 µM and was inhibited by lumiflavin, FMN and Mg2+. The Riboflavin uptake was also regulated by Ca2+. The native protein extracted from fibroblast and reconstituted in proteoliposomes also showed inhibition by FMN and lumiflavin. Conclusions: proteoliposomes represent a suitable model to assay the RFVT2 function. It will be useful for screening the mutation of RFVT2.

An enumeration of natural products from microbial, marine and terrestrial sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidele Ntie-Kang ◽  
Daniel Svozil
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lead Compound ◽  
Chemical Databases ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Metabolic Properties

AbstractThe discovery of a new drug is a multidisciplinary and very costly task. One of the major steps is the identification of a lead compound, i.e. a compound with a certain degree of potency and that can be chemically modified to improve its activity, metabolic properties, and pharmacokinetics profiles. Terrestrial sources (plants and fungi), microbes and marine organisms are abundant resources for the discovery of new structurally diverse and biologically active compounds. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to quantify the numbers of known published chemical structures (available in chemical databases) from natural sources. Emphasis has been laid on the number of unique compounds, the most abundant compound classes and the distribution of compounds in terrestrial and marine habitats. It was observed, from the recent investigations, that ~500,000 known natural products (NPs) exist in the literature. About 70 % of all NPs come from plants, terpenoids being the most represented compound class (except in bacteria, where amino acids, peptides, and polyketides are the most abundant compound classes). About 2,000 NPs have been co-crystallized in PDB structures.

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor alpha: mutation of aspartic acid 47 and leucine 48 results in different biological activities.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1247-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Lazar ◽  
S Watanabe ◽  
S Dalton ◽  
M B Sporn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Alpha ◽  
Factor Alpha

To study the relationship between the primary structure of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and some of its functional properties (competition with epidermal growth factor (EGF) for binding to the EGF receptor and induction of anchorage-independent growth), we introduced single amino acid mutations into the sequence for the fully processed, 50-amino-acid human TGF-alpha. The wild-type and mutant proteins were expressed in a vector by using a yeast alpha mating pheromone promoter. Mutations of two amino acids that are conserved in the family of the EGF-like peptides and are located in the carboxy-terminal part of TGF-alpha resulted in different biological effects. When aspartic acid 47 was mutated to alanine or asparagine, biological activity was retained; in contrast, substitutions of this residue with serine or glutamic acid generated mutants with reduced binding and colony-forming capacities. When leucine 48 was mutated to alanine, a complete loss of binding and colony-forming abilities resulted; mutation of leucine 48 to isoleucine or methionine resulted in very low activities. Our data suggest that these two adjacent conserved amino acids in positions 47 and 48 play different roles in defining the structure and/or biological activity of TGF-alpha and that the carboxy terminus of TGF-alpha is involved in interactions with cellular TGF-alpha receptors. The side chain of leucine 48 appears to be crucial either indirectly in determining the biologically active conformation of TGF-alpha or directly in the molecular recognition of TGF-alpha by its receptor.

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