EFFECT OF ANTIBODIES ON REMOVAL OF INSULIN FROM THE CIRCULATION

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Kalant ◽  
Reuben Schucher ◽  
William C. Galley
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Test Dose ◽  
Insulin Antibody ◽  
Antibody Complex ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant ◽  
Delayed Removal

Guinea pigs have been immunized against insulin by the injection of insulin in Freund's adjuvant. All animals developed high titers of antibodies and a decreased hypoglycemic response to insulin; some showed delayed removal of a test dose of insulin from the circulation, while others showed a normal removal rate. These effects were also found in animals passively immunized by the infusion of sera from actively immunized animals. The differences in the rate of removal of insulin from serum in immunized animals may be due to differences in the removal of the insulin–antibody complex.

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF DIPHTHERIA TOXOIDS IN SUBMERGED CULTURE: I. PRESENCE OF BOVINE ANTIGENS

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Stainer
Keyword(s):  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Submerged Culture ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Challenge Dose ◽  
Aluminium Phosphate ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Deep Culture ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant

Papain digest of beef broth (P.D.B. broth) was used to grow Corynebacterium diphtheriae in submerged culture, and high potency diphtheria toxins were produced. It was found that the resultant toxoids could sensitize animals to beef proteins. Guinea pigs immunized with deep culture toxoid in complete Freund's adjuvant exhibited anaphylaxis when challenged with beef serum. When aluminium phosphate and Bordetella pertussis were used as adjuvant or when the toxoid was given alone (i.e. without adjuvant) the responses to beef serum were reduced but the sensitivity to beef was still observed. Deep culture toxoids from three other manufacturers were tested and showed similar properties. When concentrated P.D.B. broth was used as a challenge dose, anaphylactic reactions were also noted, indicating that P.D.B. broth, as usually prepared, contained bovine antigens.

Cellular and Humoral Reactions to Freund’s Adjuvant in Guinea-Pigs

Pathobiology ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-853
Author(s):  
B. Pernis ◽  
A. Bairati ◽  
S. Milanesi
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant

scholarly journals Induction of T-lymphocyte responses to a small molecular weight antigen. II. specific tolerance induced in azebenzenearsonate (ABA)-specific T cells in Guniea pigs by administration of low doses of an ABA conjugate of chloroacetyl tyrosine in incomplete Freund's adjuvant.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
W W Bullock ◽  
D H Katz ◽  
B Benacerraf
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Incomplete Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant ◽  
The One ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses ◽  
Determining Factor

The experiments presented in this paper demonstrate that the induction of tolerance on the one hand and the induction of delayed sensitivity on the other hand can be accomplished by administration of similar doses of azobenzene-arsonate conjugated to N-chloracetyl tyrosine (ABA-T) to guinea pigs with the determining factor being the absence or presence, respectively, of activating bacterial products in the adjuvant mixture used. Thus, complete, persistent ABA-T-specific T-cell tolerance can be induced in adult guinea pigs with 20 mug of ABA-T given intradermally in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) whereas this same dose of ABA-T induces ABA-specific immunity when administered in complete Freund's adjuvant. This tolerance was not reversible by administration of ABA-T and IFA in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, was generated before the formation of primed T cells, and persisted for at least 3 mo after initiation. Moreover, cell transfer studies performed herein demonstrate that the unresponsiveness resulting from administration of ABA-T in IFA reflects the activity of suppressor cells to induce and maintain a state of unresponsiveness could only be demonstrated in unprimed animals may indicate a severe limitation on the potential clinical usefulness of such an approach to regulation of the immune system.

PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF INSULIN-131I IN GUINEA PIGS IMMUNIZED AGAINST INSULIN

1966 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan I. Thorell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Insulin Antibodies ◽  
Insulin Antibody

ABSTRACT The placenta is considered to be impermeable or only slightly permeable to insulin. Insulin antibodies are transferred from mother to foetus in man and in guinea pigs. The passage of insulin-131I from mother to foetus was studied in guinea pigs with and without antibodies against insulin. Antibody-bound insulin-131I was recovered in plasma from foetuses of immunized pregnant guinea pigs, at intervals of more than 5 hours after the injection of insulin-131I to the mother. The foetal levels of insulin-131I were rather low, the highest recorded value being 27% of the maternal plasma concentration. This peak was reached 32 hours after the injection. No insulin-131I was found in the foetuses of non-immunized guinea pigs.

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