THE VALIDITY OF RATES OF GLUCOSE APPEARANCE IN THE DOG CALCULATED BY THE METHOD OF SUCCESSIVE TRACER INJECTIONS: II. THE INFLUENCE OF INTERMIXING TIME FOLLOWING TRACER INJECTION

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Wrenshall ◽  
G. Hetenyi Jr. ◽  
C. H. Best
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Residual Body ◽  
Tracer Injection ◽  
Body Tissues

Close agreement has been found between calculated rates of C12-glucose appearance in, and measured rates of infusion of C12-glucose into, the blood plasma of acute surgically eviscerated dogs. The calculated rates were obtained using stated assumptions after allowing intermixing times of 60–120 minutes following single injections of C14-glucose into the blood stream. Under the above circumstances, the residual body tissues, including the kidneys, appear to add very little C12-glucose to that already there when the blood sugar level is maintained at or above normal fasting values. The acute surgical procedures and the removal of adbominal organs result in large decreases in calculated rates of transfer of glucose from the inaccessible to the accessible masses of body glucose. Specific criticisms by others against the validity of tracer-calculated rates of C12-glucose appearance in dogs, based on the slow intermixing of injected tracer-glucose with approximately half of the body glucose, are not supported by the findings of this paper.

scholarly journals Senam Prolanis Dm Dan Jalan Kaki Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Millitus Tipe II Di Klinik UMP Purwokerto

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Agus Sutiono ◽  
Dedy Purwito
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitor

Diabetes mellitus is one of cronical degenerative disease. The prevalence of sufferers continues to increase every year, one of the non-pharmacological therapies is exercise such as gymnastics prolanis DM and walking exercises to decrease the glucose level by the body muscles during the physical body. Objective this research is to find out the effectiveness of Prolanis and walking exercises in reducing blood sugar levels in DM patients type II. Method this study uses the Quasi experiment with pre and post with two group design. The study population was 92 DM patients type II with a sample of 82 people. Glucometer (Auto check blood glucose monitor) is used to collect the data. Wiloxon Test is used to analyze the statistical data. Results the research shows that the value of Prolanis Exercises (DM) is p=0.002 which means a significant influence on decrease of the sugar level of DM patients type II. Meanwhile the value of walking exercises is p=0.001. From the statistic test of WIlconxon Signed Rank Test, It obtained Z correlation = 7.886. It means that there is a significant correlation between Prolanis and walking exercises towards the decrease of blood sugar level of Diabetes Mellitus patients type II. Physical activities done regularly, measurably, and correctly are suggested to be considered as non-pharmacological therapies for Diabetes Mellitus patients type II to decrease blood sugar level. Keywords: Prolanis Exercises (DM), Walking, sugar blood level.

scholarly journals AYURVEDIC REVIEW OF DIABETES MELLITUS (PRAMEHA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Tushar Ravindra Karnawat ◽  
P. C. Yavatkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Ayurvedic Treatment ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

India is set to emerge as the diabetic capital of the world and it is very shameful prediction which India has to face. Heredity, Sedentary life style, lack of exercise and yoga, stress, and improper diet habits are main reasons for spreading of the diabetes. In order to prevent the primary onset we need to concentrate on the next generation of existing diabetes patients. Making them aware will be the first task, followed by provocation for action, followed by action in reality. As diabetes is metabolic disorder it cannot be treated merely by controlling blood sugar level. Ayurveda aimed at rejuvenating the body for not only controlling blood sugar level but also ensure that no further complication should be caused. Ayurvedic treatment for diabetes based on entire change in life style of the person, along with proper medication and diet patient is advised to lead healthy and active life.

scholarly journals Surgical Removal of Defects in the Palate with the Use of TiNi Mesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
M.N. Shakirov ◽  
R.N. Dzhonibekova ◽  
I.D. Tazin ◽  
X.O. Gafarov ◽  
V.Y. Mitasov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Body Tissues

Application of a thin- profiled mesh NiTi with filaments thickness of 40 micrometer sand with the cell size of 3x3-5x5 mm for patients allows to improve the quality of the surgical technique in conducting surgical procedures for eliminating different forms and sizes of the palate defects. Due to its biochemical, biophysical compatibility with the body tissues and the peculiar integration properties a connective tissue grows around and through the structure of the implant by forming a durable frame. At the same time this process takes place by type of covering the muco-periosteal cover from the wound periphery to the center of the palate, over the implant material and completes with the full elimination of the existing defect. The developed method should be considered as minimally invasive surgical techniques and is recommended as a method of choice for patients with various background diseases.

scholarly journals A study on diabetes mellitus among diabetic foot ulcer patients in a tertiary care centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1555
Author(s):  
Vinu Gopinath ◽  
S. Soundara Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which occurs either when the pancreas does not reproduce enough insulin, the hormone that regulates blood sugar level or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Hyperglycemia or raised blood sugar level is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the system of the body especially nerves and blood vessels. Diabetes mellitus has become the cause for growing public health concern in developing countries as it has been for a long time in most developed ones. The reason for increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus in developing countries may include unhealthy life style, rapid westernization, poor knowledge, negative attitude and poor practice towards diabetes mellitus among general population. Objective of the study was to find out the knowledge, and awareness towards diabetes mellitus among diabetic foot ulcer patients attending in a tertiary care Centre.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the surgical outpatient department of a tertiary care Centre. All diabetic foot ulcer patients attending surgical outpatient department for the period of two months was included. Juvenile diabetic patients, Type II diabetes mellitus patients with co morbidities are excluded.Results: Out of the 100-study participant’s majority are males (61%). 55% of the study participants are not aware of the major cause of diabetes mellitus. 92% of the population knew the accurate method of monitoring diabetes mellitus. 70.6% of people are aware of normal blood sugar level. 51% of people are aware of the complications of diabetes mellitus and 84.3% of people know the symptoms of diabetes mellitus. 68.6% of the population knew regular exercise can control diabetes mellitus yet only 50.8% of population exercise regularly.Conclusions: This study reflects that there is a need to improve diabetic knowledge among the patients which can be achieved through health education.

Development of a non-invasive blood sugar sensor

Impact ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (8) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Koichi Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Research Team ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Finger Prick

A person with diabetes mellitus, which is commonly referred to as diabetes and exists in two forms (type 1 and type 2) must inject themselves with insulin to manage their blood sugar level. This is because the disease causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high and insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas, helps the body to use sugar for energy. In type 1 diabetes the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin and in type 2 the pancreas is unable to make enough insulin or the insulin it does make doesn't work properly. As such, in both types of the disease, insulin must be injected into the body and injecting becomes an essential part of the daily regimes of people with diabetes. As you can imagine, this, coupled with the need to regularly check blood sugar with finger prick tests, can be inconvenient as well as painful. In addition, there is the risk of infection. However, there is currently no alternative. A Japan-based research team is working on developing a non-invasive technique for measuring blood glucose.

THE EFFECT OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE AND SURGICAL OPERATIONS ON IODINE EXCRETION

1950 ◽  
Vol 28e (4) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Gemmell ◽  
W. F. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Iodine Excretion ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Surgical Operations

Further investigations have been carried out on the previously reported increase in iodine excretion which occurs following the stress of surgical operations. By means of adrenocorticotrophic hormone it was demonstrated in four subjects that increased activity of the adrenal cortex does not of itself cause an increase in iodine excretion. In six patients subjected to elective surgical procedures it was shown with the aid of radioactive iodine that the inorganic iodide of the body tissues is not the source of increased iodine excretion which follows such operations. Other possible causes and sources of the postoperative increase in iodine excretion are discussed.

scholarly journals Manoeuvres for management of diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Amod Hansdak
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Hypoglycaemic Agents ◽  
Modifiable Factor ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Calf Muscles

Type 2 diabetes is the scourge of our times. Globally there are over 425 million diabetics which is projected to rise to 629 million by 2045, suffering devastating consequences resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.1-3Bringing blood sugars down can be challenging. Dietary control, lifestyle modifications and exercise can help but these can be difficult to implement.4 Medically, drugs are the usual method of bringing blood sugar levels under control but they come with their attendant risks and ongoing costs.5 Apart from drugs, the main arsenal against diabetes is exercise but due to one reason or another it is not very popular or practical. In the absence of antidiabetic medications and episodic exercises there seems to be no alternative left. So, when a person is unable to exercise or is not on hypoglycaemic agents, he is rendered defenceless against the deleterious effects of raised blood sugar levels. Regardless, muscles form the frontline defence against diabetes since muscles are the main modifiable factor in utilization of glucose by the body which they can do even in the absence of insulin.6,7 Hence, muscles need to be the first line agents to fight diabetes. However, the muscles need to be activated when the blood sugars are high, that is, within minutes or hours after meals rather than exercising in the morning or evening when the blood sugar may be relatively low. The question is ‘How do we get the muscles to start using up glucose right when it enters the blood stream?’ This is where the manoeuvres described below can help since these can be done almost anytime and anywhere. Following are the proposed manoeuvres:Calf contractions: Alternate contractions of calf muscles of each leg while sitting, giving a good squeeze to the calf muscles. Alternatively, one or both calves can be contracted and held for some time. This manoeuvre can be done even while lying in bed.Pectoral pressure: One or both pectorals can be contracted and held for 30-60 seconds-longer the better. The strength of contractions will depend on one’s motivation and ability. Alternatively, moderate contractions can be maintained for a longer duration.Shoulder squeezes: The back has some of the strongest muscles which can be used to ‘pulverise’ the sugars. In this method the person can sit slightly bent forwards and the shoulders are pulled back and held in that position for 30-60 seconds.These manoeuvres can be done either singly or combined with other manoeuvres described or with dietary modifications, regular exercises or medications for greater efficacy.Of course, like the antidiabetic medications, these manoeuvres need to be titrated, especially when combined with hypoglycaemic agents, otherwise they can lead to hypoglycaemia.8 Even without antidiabetic medication they have the ability to cause hypoglycaemia, if done excessively. Once the muscles get used to these manoeuvres it will be easier for them to use glucose and keep blood sugars down.

scholarly journals Fluid Nanocarrier for Insulin for Noninvasive Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Alyoussef Alkrad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Noninvasive Treatment ◽  
Oral Application ◽  
Poor Patient Compliance ◽  
Transdermal Application ◽  
High Illumination ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Term Monitoring

Abstract Background A real solution for diabetics to end their suffering with injection and the consequences of poor patient compliance based on the understanding how the body releases insulin as well as the nature of insulin is an argent demand. In this study a novel management strategy was developed using fluid nanocarrier as well as a solution of insulin to treat this problem. The developed nanocarrier is a microemulsion (ME) containing insulin. The transdermal flux of insulin was estimated through rat’s skin using a Franz diffusion cell. Moreover, the efficacy of the treatments was assessed orally and transdermally in rats. Results Based on the rheological properties and droplets size results the formulated fluids were microemulsions. Also, a flux of insulin as high as 1.77±0.22 iu.cm-2.h-1 through rat’s epidermis could be achieved. The short term monitoring of blood sugar level after transdermal application exhibited a slight decrease. On the other hand, the frequent application could achieve a satisfied decline. However, the rapid and significant reduction of the blood sugar level after oral application was surprised. The X-raying of the GI after oral application of the preparation showed high illumination in the lower part of the esophagus and upper part of the stomach. Conclusion This study reveals high potential esophageal absorption using fluid dosage forms. It must be taken in consideration as sublingual and intranasal application. The developed nanofluid can control the blood sugar level orally or in combination with transdermal application and help the diabetics to adhere their therapeutic course.

scholarly journals THE MAINTENANCE OF BLOOD COLLOID: PASSAGE OF STORED GUM ACACIA FROM THE CELLS TO THE CIRCULATION AFTER PLASMAPHERESIS

1950 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Knutti ◽  
R. A. Warrick ◽  
J. B. Goetsch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Previous Suggestion ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Low Protein

Removal of blood plasma by plasmapheresis from dogs made hypoproteinemic by injections of gum acacia over long periods of time, has resulted in the removal of more gum acacia than was originally present in the plasma. Gum acacia injections had been discontinued previous to the start of the experiments, and hence it must be concluded that the excess amounts of acacia were derived from deposits in the various organs. These observations verify the previous suggestion that the increase in blood acacia in the hypoproteinemic dog on a low protein diet is due to the transfer of acacia to the blood from its sites of deposit in the body. The experiments further suggest that the colloid content of the blood stream is maintained at the expense of tissue colloids, and support the idea that colloidal substances may pass in and out of cells.

The Turnover in Normal Dogs of Prothrombin and Its Fragments; Effect of Induced Intravascular Coagulation

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A Owen ◽  
Kenneth G Mann ◽  
Frederic C McDuffie
Keyword(s):  
Close Agreement ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Capillary Barrier ◽  
Prothrombin Fragment ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Dog Brain

SummaryWhen 125I-labeled canine prothrombin was given to normal adult dogs intravenously, it was calculated that 240% of the plasma prothrombin crossed the capillary barrier per day, 410% of the interstitial prothrombin returned to the blood stream daily, and 79% of the plasmatic prothrombin was catabolized per day. These data are in close agreement with those observed for bovine prothrombin in calves by Takeda (1970).When derived from normal dog prothrombin, prethrombin-1 is a mixture of 2 polypeptides, one larger than the other, and both present in about equal amounts. The longer peptide, “prethrombin-1-long,” was catabolized twice as fast as prothrombin, and the shorter, “prethrombin-1-short,” 4 times faster. Prothrombin fragment-1 was catabolized by the normal dog still more rapidly.The catabolism of prothrombin was not accelerated in 3 dogs receiving continuous infusions of a thromboplastic emulsion of dog brain. Nor was the level of prothrombin in their plasma remarkably altered.

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