Effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus on some bone turnover markers in the vertebrae of ovary-intact and ovariectomized adult rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
J. Arunakaran ◽  
M. M. Aruldhas ◽  
N. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chondroitin Sulphate ◽  
Heparan Sulphate ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Trap Activity ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Turnover Markers

Diabetes mellitus and estrogen deficit are known causes of osteopenia in animal models as well as in humans. In the present work, the combined effect of ovariectomy and diabetes was investigated. Diabetes was induced in ovary-intact and ovariectomized female Wistar rats with a single injection (50 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) of streptozotocin. The rats were administered insulin (I) daily or 17-β estradiol (E2) on alternate days for a period of 35 days and sacrificed. Serum calcium (Ca2+), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), vertebral ALP, collagen, and glycosaminoglycans were estimated. The levels of serum Ca2+and P increased in diabetic rats, but decreased after I or E2treatments. Serum ALP and TRAP activity increased in the ovary-intact and ovariectomized diabetic rats. Vertebral ALP activity increased in ovariectomized diabetic rats, but decreased in diabetic rats, which were treated with I or E2. In the vertebrae, TRAP activity was elevated as a result of diabetes, but this was prevented by insulin or estradiol. Diabetes induced a decrease in total collagen in the vertebrae, while I or E2treatment induced an increase. The levels of chondroitin sulphate and heparan sulphate decreased significantly in the vertebrae of both ovary-intact and ovariectomized diabetic rats, while hyaluronic acid increased. In conclusion, diabetes and ovariectomy each seem to affect the process of matrix formation and mineralization in the bone, and this is aggravated by the combination of diabetes and ovariectomy. The effects of I and E2were similar, and both hormones reversed the changes brought about by diabetes.

scholarly journals In vivo correlation of olive leaves extract on some oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M.R. Afify ◽  
H. S. El-Beltagi ◽  
S. A. Fayed ◽  
A. E. El-Ansary
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus type two (T2DM) is one of the most extensive diseases in the world. Herbal therapy remains a possible adjunct therapy to sustain better glycemic control and reduce complications arising from diabetes. In order to evaluate the curative impacts of olive leaf extract (OLE) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, twenty-four Wistar male adult rats were divided into four equal groups; control, diabetic control (45 mg/kg STZ), normal rats treated with OLE (17.8 mg/kg b.wt.), and diabetic rats treated with OLE (45 mg/kg STZ + 17.8 mg/kg b.wt.). The OLE extract was investigated for in vitro antioxidant activity using the DPPH• assay. The phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents were determined. The activity of GPX, SOD, and GSH in RBC lysate, CAT in plasma and MDA in serum were measured. The OLE prevented the decrease in GSH and kept MDA around the normal range in the treated diabetic rats. The current study suggests that OLE might be used safely to ameliorate T2DM and its accompanying oxidative stress.

Vasopressin V1 and V2 receptors in diabetes mellitus

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (2) ◽  
pp. E217-E223 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Trinder ◽  
P. A. Phillips ◽  
J. M. Stephenson ◽  
J. Risvanis ◽  
A. Aminian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
V2 Receptor ◽  
Plasma Arginine ◽  
Long Acting

Diabetes mellitus causes hypertonicity, increased plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), polydipsia, and polyuria. Downregulation of AVP V2 receptors may contribute to the polyuria through diminished V2 receptor-mediated free water retention. After 2 wk of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, the diabetic rats had raised plasma glucose, AVP, and osmolality levels (P < 0.001) compared with nondiabetic controls (Sham). Insulin treatment (4 U long-acting insulin sc, daily) partially lowered these values (P < 0.01). There was a reduction in the number of renal and hepatic V1 receptors in the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals compared with the sham animals (P < 0.05). The receptor affinity remained unchanged. In parallel, there was a reduction in maximum AVP-activated total inositol phosphate production in the liver and kidney of the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals compared with the sham animals (P < 0.05). The density and affinity of renal V2 receptors and AVP-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate production in the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals were unchanged compared with the sham. These results demonstrate differential regulation of AVP receptors and suggest that downregulation of renal V2 receptors does not contribute to the polyuria of diabetes. In contrast, downregulation of V1 receptors might contribute to diminished V1 receptor-mediated biological responses to AVP seen in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals The acute effects of different spironolactone doses on cardiac function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1350
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Vranic ◽  
Stefan Simovic ◽  
Petar Ristic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Isidora Stojic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, while diabetes mellitus remains an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity. A recent study showed that patients with diabetes mellitus treated with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have improved coronary microvascular function, leading to improved diastolic dysfunction. In this study, we evaluated the influence of acute administration of spironolactone on myocardial function in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, with special emphasis on cardiodynamic parameters in diabetic rat hearts. The present study was carried out on 40 adult male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks old). Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 animals per group): healthy rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, diabetic rats treated with 0.1 μmol/L of spironolactone, healthy rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone, and diabetic rats treated with 3 μmol/L of spironolactone. Different, dose-dependent, acute responses of spironolactone treatment on isolated, working diabetic and healthy rat heart were observed in our study. In healthy rats, better systolic function was achieved with higher spironolactone dose, while in diabetic rats, similar effects of low and high spironolactone dose were observed.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Glibenclamide on Metabolic Parameters, GLUT1 Expression, and Liver Injury in Rats With Severe and Mild Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelizaveta Sokolovska ◽  
Sergejs Isajevs ◽  
Olga Sugoka ◽  
Jelena Sharipova ◽  
Natalia Paramonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Glut1 Expression ◽  
Mild Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Glut1 Gene

Background and Objective. Glucose transport via GLUT1 protein could be one of additional mechanisms of the antidiabetic action of sulfonylureas. Here, the GLUT1 gene and the protein expression was studied in rats in the course of severe and mild streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and under glibenclamide treatment. Material and Methods. Severe and mild diabetes mellitus was induced using different streptozotocin doses and standard or high fat chow. Rats were treated with glibenclamide (2 mg/kg daily, per os for 6 weeks). The therapeutic effect of glibenclamide was monitored by measuring several metabolic parameters. The GLUT1 mRNA and the protein expression in the kidneys, heart, and liver was studied by means of real-time R T-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results. The glibenclamide treatment decreased the blood glucose concentration and increased the insulin level in both models of severe and mild diabetes mellitus. Severe diabetes mellitus provoked an increase in both GLUT1 gene and protein expression in the kidneys and the heart, which was nearly normalized by glibenclamide. In the kidneys of mildly diabetic rats, an increase in the GLUT1 gene expression was neither confirmed on the protein level nor influenced by the glibenclamide treatment. In the liver of severely diabetic rats, the heart and the liver of mildly diabetic rats, the GLUT1 gene and the protein expression was changed independently of each other, which might be explained by abortive transcription, and pre- and posttranslational modifications of gene expression. Conclusions. The GLUT1 expression was found to be affected by the glucose and insulin levels and can be modulated by glibenclamide in severely and mildly diabetic rats. Glibenclamide can prevent the liver damage caused by severe hyperglycemia.

Effect of pancreas transplantation on decreased levels of circulating bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein and osteopenia in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

1992 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ishida ◽  
Yutaka Seino ◽  
Noritaka Takeshita ◽  
Takeshi Kurose ◽  
Kazuo Tsuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Pancreas Transplantation ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Carboxyglutamic Acid ◽  
Low Bone Turnover ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Osteopenia

Diabetic osteopenia has been known as one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, and a decrease in bone turnover has been thought to be one of the pathophysiological characteristics of this complication. In order to investigate the effect of long-term insulin therapy on low bone turnover in diabetes, pancreas transplantation was performed on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Plasma levels of bone γ-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein(osteocalcin) in untreated diabetic rats were 0.9±0.1 (mean±sem) nmol/l, significantly lower than the value of 4.2±0.6 nmol/l in control rats (p<0.01). Pancreas transplantation reversed this decrease to 6.3±1.1 nmol/l, which was not significantly different from the value in control rats. The circulating levels of calcitriol were significantly decreased in the untreated diabetic group (p<0.01), and the decrease was fully reversed by pancreas transplantation. In addition, the decreases in bone length, strength and weight were also improved by the transplantation. This evidence clearly shows that the improvement of metabolic derangements in diabetes by insulin is essential for the prevention of deterioration in diabetic osteopenia. It is possible, therefore, that insulin exerts an indirect beneficial influence through the metabolic amelioration on the decreases in bone turnover and circulating osteocalcin in diabetes mellitus, or has a direct stimulatory effect on the osteoblasts via the insulin receptor since its presence has been shown recently in osteoblastic cells.

The effect of chronic alloxan- and streptozotocin-induced diabetes on isolated rat heart performance

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 902-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao V. S. V. Vadlamudi ◽  
Robert L. Rodgers ◽  
John H. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Isolated Rat Heart ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Heart Performance ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Cardiac disease is a common secondary complication appearing in chronic diabetics. Isolated perfused working hearts obtained from both acute and chronic diabetic rats have also been shown to exhibit cardiac functional abnormalities when exposed to high work loads. We studied cardiac performance at various time points after induction of diabetes in rats to determine exactly when functional alterations appeared and whether these alterations progressed with the disease state. Female Wistar rats were made diabetic by a single i.v. injection of either alloxan (65 mg/kg) or streptozotocin (STZ 60 mg/kg). Cardiac performance was assessed at 7, 30, 100, 180, 240, and 360 days after induction of diabetes using the isolated perfused working heart technique. No changes were observed in the positive and negative dP/dt development at various atrial filling pressures in the diabetic hearts 7 days after treatment. Alloxan diabetic rat hearts exhibited depressed left ventricular pressure and positive and negative dP/dt development when perfused at high atrial filling pressures, at 30. 100, and 240 days after treatment. STZ diabetic rat hearts exhibited depressed cardiac performance at high atrial filling pressures at 100, 180, and 360 days after treatment, but not at 30 days after treatment. Control hearts exhibited slight but significant depressions in cardiac function with age. These results suggest that cardiac functional alterations appear in diabetic rats about 30 days after induction and progress with the disease. These alterations may indicate the development of a cardiomyopathy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antidiabetic Activity of Gymnema sylvestre and Andrographis paniculata in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Kumar ◽  
Sudha Rani ◽  
B Arunjyothi ◽  
P. Chakrapani ◽  
A Rojarani
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Oxidative Effect

Diabetes mellitus is a difficult metabolic disorder that has seriously impact the human health and quality of life. Medicinal plants are being used to control diabetes However, they are not entirely effective and no one has ever been reported to have fully recovered from diabetes. Many plants have been used for the management of diabetes mellitus in various traditional systems of medicine worldwide as they are a great source of biological constituents and many of them are known to be effective against diabetes. Medicinal plants with antihyperglycemic activities are being more desired, owing to lesser sideeffects and low cost. Streptozotocin was induced to all groups of rats at dosage of 35 -55mg/kg except for the normal. Streptozotocin induced diabetes in sprague dawly rats were used to study antidiabetic activity of methonolic extract of two medicinal plants Gymnema sylvestre,Andrographis paniculata methanolic leaf extract was administered orally in graded doses of 30 mg/kg,50mg /kg sprague dawly rats Gymnema sylvestre at a dose of 30mg/kg and Andrographis paniculata at a dose of 50mg/kg showed significant anti-hyperglycemic and anti-oxidative effect which was evident from the 1st week of treatment.

The effect of Syzygium cumini (L.) skeels on post-prandial blood glucose levels in non-diabetic rats and rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Coimbra Teixeira ◽  
Luciano Pilla Pinto ◽  
Felix Henrique Paim Kessler ◽  
Lia Knijnik ◽  
Cristiano Pilla Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Itraconazole in Diabetic Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 931-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unji Lee ◽  
Young H. Choi ◽  
So H. Kim ◽  
Byung K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Intrinsic Clearance ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Clearance Rates ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Concentration Time Curve

ABSTRACT After intravenous or oral administration of 10 mg/kg itraconazole to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and to control rats, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) for itraconazole and that for its metabolite, 7-hydroxyitraconazole, were similar between the two groups of rats. This may be explained by the comparable hepatic and intestinal intrinsic clearance rates for the disappearance of itraconazole and the formation of 7-hydroxyitraconazole in both groups of rats.

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