DNases and apoptosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Counis ◽  
A Torriglia
Keyword(s):  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Dnase Ii ◽  
Linker Region ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Lens Cell ◽  
Functional Point

Here we review the different apoptotic DNases. From a functional point of view, DNases implicated in apoptosis may be classified into three groups: the Ca2+/Mg2+endonucleases, the Mg2+-endonucleases, and the cation-independent endonucleases. The first group includes DNase I which has no specificity for the linker region, DNase gamma which has some homology with DNase I, and other DNases which cleave DNA in the linker region. Both DNase I and DNase gamma have been cloned. The other nucleases of this category have dispersed molecular weights. Their sequences are unknown and it is difficult to determine their role(s) in apoptosis. It seems that different pathways are present and that these nucleases may be activated either by caspases or serine proteases. The caspase 3 activated DNase (CAD, CPAN, or DFF40) belongs to the Mg2+-dependent endonucleases. DNase II belongs to the third group of acid endonucleases or cation-independent DNases. We have shown the involvement of DNase II in lens cell differentiation. Recently, the molecular structure of two different enzymes has been elucidated, one of which has a signal peptide and appears to be secreted. The other, called L-DNase II, is an intracellular protein having two enzymatic activities; in its native form, it is an anti-protease, and after posttranslational modification, it becomes a nuclease.Key words: endonucleases, apoptosis, caspases, serine proteases.

scholarly journals Fine Structure and Organization of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum in the Sino-Auricular Fibres of Frog Heart

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 865-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Duvert ◽  
André L. Barets
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Frog Heart ◽  
Dense Granules ◽  
Reticular System ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Cellular Organelles

Abstract The ultrastructure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of the sino-auricular fibres of frog heart has been investigated especially in order to evaluate its possible relationship with several cellular organelles. The SR appears as a complex unit which can be divided into three regions: - peripheral SR, localized beneath the sarcolemma. It is com posed of junctional SR, which forms specialized complexes (couplings) with the sarcolemma, and peripheral SR s. str. which frequently extends its anastomotic tubules around the caveolae. - juxtafibrillar SR, in relation with myofibrils, at the level of Z lines and I bands. - intermediary SR which is the most abundant. It contains dense granules, able to bind strontium (and calcium) and, from place to place, is formed into flattened saccules bearing fenestrations where microfilaments frequently pass through. It allows peripheral SR and juxtafibrillar SR to communicate, giving unity to the reticular system and, on the other hand, shows close topographical relations with mitochondria. The great extension of the SR, its heterogeneity and its relationships with several cellular organelles, especially mitochondria, are interpreted from the functional point of view.

Asymmetrically short tendinous cords causing congenital tricuspid regurgitation: improved understanding of tricuspid valvar dysplasia in the era of color flow echocardiography

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doff B. McElhinney ◽  
Norman H. Silverman ◽  
Michael M. Brook ◽  
Frank L. Hanley ◽  
Paul Stanger
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
Severe Degree

AbstractBackgroundTricuspid regurgitation as a manifestation of an isolated congenital anomaly of the tricuspid valve is rare. Cross-sectional and color Doppler echocardiography allow improved evaluation of tricuspid valvar function. As a result, the heterogeneous category of congenital tricuspid valvar dysplasia may be better understood from a functional point of view. We are reporting a distinct entity in which tricuspid valvar regurgitation results from failure of coaptation due to short tendinous cords tethering the septal leaflet.Patients and ResultsThree children with significant primary tricuspid regurgitation were evaluated, treated, and followed. On echocardiographic evaluation, a central regurgitant jet of moderate or severe degree was directed toward the atrial septum through poorly coapting tricuspid valvar leaflets, which did not approximate due to tethering of the septal leaflet by abnormally short cords. In one patient, the tricuspid valve was otherwise normal; in the other two the leaflets and cords were also thickened. Two patients underwent surgery at 9 and 11 years of age. The cords tethering the septal leaflet were augmented by interposing appropriate lengths of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene suture and performing commissural annuloplasty. Both patients are asymptomatic 33 and 42 months postoperatively, with mild residual tricuspid regurgitation that has not changed since surgery. The other patient, an 8 month-old infant, has not yet undergone surgery.ConclusionsAsymmetric tendinous cords of the tricuspid valve causing tethering of the septal leaflet is a distinct cause of tricuspid regurgitation that can be recognized with echocardiography. Although rare, the importance of recognizing this lesion lies in its being readily amenable to surgical repair.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL STUDY CONCERNING THE ORTHODONTISTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE CONVENTIONAL AND SELF-LIGATING BRACKET SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Claudiu Vartolomei ◽  
◽  
Dan Șerbănoiu ◽  
Maria Dămășaru ◽  
Dorin Cocoș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Study ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
International Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Price Ratio ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Conventional Brackets ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
Bonding Technique

Objective. To compare the conventional and self-ligating brackets systems from the point of view of the clinician. Material and methods. A survey was delivered to orthodontists from the international community (n = 130) in order to evaluate and compare different proprieties of the two systems. Results. Conventional brackets are preferred when it comes to bonding technique, final results from an aesthetic and functional point of view and quality-price ratio, while self-ligating brackets are elected for improved patient hygiene, less chairside time and reduced friction and global treatment time. Conclusions. Orthodontists currently use both systems in their practice and each of them has certain features which makes them superior in comparison to the other.

Complex Nasal Reconstruction Using Locoregional Flaps

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1915-1917
Author(s):  
Bogdan Mihai Marinescu ◽  
Cristian Dragos Stefanescu ◽  
Ioana Tuhar ◽  
Dragos Muraru ◽  
Ionut Guzganu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nasal Reconstruction ◽  
Fasciocutaneous Flaps ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nasal Tumor ◽  
Functional Point

There is no perfect method of nasal reconstruction. All reconstruction types have advantages and disadvantages equally. Perhaps, the personalized medicine can be best illustrated by this surgical pathology. The present paper describes our experience with locoregional fasciocutaneous flaps together with cartilage grafts as surgical treatment for patients with nasofacial cutaneous tumors. After describing the general conditions for the 12 patients included in the study we presented the surgical management of an old woman with a nasal tumor (basal cell carcinoma) of 50/40/35 mm. Favorable results (from aesthetic and functional point of view) were obtained for most patients included in the study. There was only one recurrence, at 1 year postoperatively to the patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma. Considering the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of nasofacial cutaneous tumors and the other nasal reconstruction procedures, more extensive and multicenter studies are needed.

scholarly journals X. Bakerian lecture .—On the Relations between the viscosity (internal friction) of liquids and their chemical nature

1894 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 397-710 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Internal Friction ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Directed Attention ◽  
Physical Constants ◽  
Molecular Weights

During the half century which has elapsed since Hermann Kopp directed attention to the connection which exists between the molecular weights of substances and their densities, the attempts which have been made to establish similar relationships between the magnitudes of other physical constants and chemical composition have shown that probably all physical constants are to be regarded as functions of the chemical nature of molecules, and that the variations in their magnitude observed in passing from substance to substance are to be attributed to changes in chemical composition. The physical properties first investigated from this point of view were naturally those either often measured or at least capable of being easily measured. To this class belong such determinations as density, boiling-point, refractive index, &c., &c. On the other hand, properties not so clearly understood, or less readily perceived, received little or no attention. An example of this kind occurs in connection with the viscosity of liquids.

Can the Academic Self-Concept be Positive and Realistic?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reimer Kornmann
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Other Hand

Summary: My comment is basically restricted to the situation in which less-able students find themselves and refers only to literature in German. From this point of view I am basically able to confirm Marsh's results. It must, however, be said that with less-able pupils the opposite effect can be found: Levels of self-esteem in these pupils are raised, at least temporarily, by separate instruction, academic performance however drops; combined instruction, on the other hand, leads to improved academic performance, while levels of self-esteem drop. Apparently, the positive self-image of less-able pupils who receive separate instruction does not bring about the potential enhancement of academic performance one might expect from high-ability pupils receiving separate instruction. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed that individual progress in learning be accentuated, and that comparisons with others be dispensed with. This fosters a self-image that can in equal measure be realistic and optimistic.

RHYNCHOLITES AND THE PROBLEM OF NARROW AND BROAD CONCEPTION OF TAXONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Khuzina ◽  
V. N. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Artificial System ◽  
Broad Understanding

The paper considers a point of view, based on the conception of the broad understanding of taxons. According to this point of view, rhyncholites of the subgenus Dentatobeccus and Microbeccus are accepted to be synonymous with the genus Rhynchoteuthis, and subgenus Romanovichella is considered to be synonymous with the genus Palaeoteuthis. The criteria, exercising influence on the different approaches to the classification of rhyncholites, have been analyzed (such as age and individual variability, sexual dimorphism, pathological and teratological features, degree of disintegration of material), underestimation of which can lead to inaccuracy. Divestment of the subgenuses Dentatobeccus, Microbeccus and Romanovichella, possessing very bright morphological characteristics, to have an independent status and denomination to their synonyms, has been noted to be unjustified. An artificial system (any suggested variant) with all its minuses is a single probable system for rhyncholites. The main criteria, minimizing its negative sides and proving the separation of the new taxon, is an available mass-scale material. The narrow understanding of the genus, used in sensible limits, has been underlined to simplify the problem of the passing the view about the genus to the other investigators and recognition of rhyncholites for the practical tasks.

Birlikte Yaşama Kültürü Çerçevesinde Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye Politikaları: Suriyelilere Yönelik Tutumun Sultanbeyli Örneği Üzerinden Değerlendirilmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
Pelin Sönmez ◽  
Abulfaz Süleymanov
Keyword(s):  
Civil Wars ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Turkish People

Türkiye, Cumhuriyet tarihinin en yoğun zorunlu göç dalgasını 2011 yılından bu yana süren Suriye Savaşı ile yaşamaktadır. Suriye vatandaşlarının geçici koruma statüsü altında Türkiye toplumuna her açıdan entegrasyonları günümüzün ve geleceğin politika öncelikleri arasında düşünülmelidir. Öte yandan ülkeye kabul edilen sığınmacıların kendi kültürel kimliğini kaybetmeden içinde yaşadığı ev sahibi topluma uyumu, ortak yaşam kültürünün gelişmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu makalede, "misafir" olarak kabul edilen Suriyeli vatandaşların Türk toplumunca kabul edilmeleri ve dışlanma risklerinin azaltılmasına yönelik devlet politikaları ortaya konularak, üye ve aday ülkelere göçmenlerin dışlanmasını önlemek için Avrupa Birliği (AB) tarafından sunulan hukuki yapı ve kamu hizmeti inisiyatifleri incelenmekte, birlikte yaşam kültürü çerçevesinde Suriyeli vatandaşlara yönelik  toplumsal kabul düzeyleri ele alınmaktadır. Çalışma iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır: göçmen ve sığınmacılara karşı toplumsal dışlanmayı engellemek için benimsenen yasa ve uygulamaların etkisi ve İstanbul-Sultanbeyli bölgesinde Suriyeli sığınmacılarla ilgili toplumsal algı çalışmasının sonuçları. Bölgede ikamet eden Suriyelilere yönelik toplumsal kabul düzeyinin yüksek olduğu görülürken, halkın Suriyelileri kendilerine  kültürel ve dini olarak yakın hissetmesi toplumsal kabul düzeyini olumlu etkilemektedir. ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHAn evaluation of the European Union and Turkish policies regarding the culture of living togetherThis article aims to determine the level of social acceptance towards Syrians within the context of cohabitation culture by evaluating EU’s legal structure and public service initiatives in order to prevent Syrian refugees from being excluded in member and candidate countries and by revealing government policies on acceptance of Syrians as “guest” by Turkish society and minimizing the exclusion risks of them. This article consists of two main parts, one of which is based on the effects of law and practices preventing refugees and asylum seekers from social exclusion, and the other is on the results of social perception on Syrians in Sultanbeyli district of Istanbul. At the end of 5-years taking in Syrian War, it is obvious that most of more than 3 million Syrian with unregistered ones in Turkey are “here to stay”. From this point of view, the primary scope of policies should be specified in order to remove side effects of refugee phenomenon seen as weighty matter by bottoming out the exclusion towards those people. To avoid possible large-scale conflicts or civil wars in the future, the struggle with exclusion phenomenon plays a crucial role regarding Turkey’s sociological situation and developing policies. In the meaning of forming a model for Turkey, a subtitle in this article is about public services for European-wide legal acquis and practices carried out since 1970s in order to prevent any exclusion from the society. On the other hand, other subtitles are about legal infrastructure and practices like Common European Asylum and Immigration Policies presented in 2005, and Law on Foreigners and International Protection introduced in 2013. In the last part of the article, the results of a field survey carried out in a district of Istanbul were used to analyze the exclusion towards refugees in Turkey. A face-to-face survey was randomly conducted with 200 settled refugees in Sultanbeyli district of Istanbul, and their perceptions towards Syrian people under temporary protection were evaluated. According to the results, the level of acceptance for Syrians living in this district seems relatively high. The fact that Turkish people living in the same district feel close to Syrian refugees culturally and religiously affect their perception in a positive way: however, it is strikingly seen and understood that local residents cop an attitude on the refugees’ becoming Turkish citizens.

KONSEP DIRI “ I “ DAN “ME” TOKOH HIROKO DALAM NOVEL NAMAKU HIROKO KARYA NH.DINI

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Besin Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Fictional Character ◽  
Social Customs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

This research deals with the development of  self concept of Hiroko as the main character in Namaku Hiroko by Nh. Dini and tries to identify how Hiroko is portrayed in the story, how she interacts with other characters and whether she is portrayed as a character dominated by ”I” element or  ”Me”  element seen  from sociological and cultural point of view. As a qualitative research in nature, the source of data in this research is the novel Namaku Hiroko (1967) and the data ara analyzed and presented deductively. The result of this analysis shows that in the novel, Hiroko as a fictional character is  portrayed as a girl whose personality  develops and changes drastically from ”Me”  to ”I”. When she was still in the village  l iving with her parents, she was portrayed as a obedient girl who was loyal to the parents, polite and acted in accordance with the social customs. In short, her personality was dominated by ”Me”  self concept. On the other hand, when she moved to the city (Kyoto), she was portrayed as a wild girl  no longer controlled by the social customs. She was  firm and determined totake decisions of  her won  for her future without considering what other people would say about her. She did not want to be treated as object. To put it in another way, her personality is more dominated by the ”I” self concept.

Wacana Kolonial dalam Novel Max Havelaar: Sebuah Kajian Poskolonial

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Ramadhan Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

AbstrakHegemoni kolonialisme dalam budaya poskolonial merupakan alasan penelitian inikemudian mengkaji wacana kolonial dalam novel Max Havellar (MH) khususnya dampakditimbulkannya. Dampak dimaksud adalah posisi keberpihakan pemikiran tersirat darikarya tersebut. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan, secara temporal maupun permanen MHmenyuarakan ketidakadilan dalam kondisi-kondisi kolonial menyangkut penindasan sangpenjajah terhadap terjajah. Hanya saja, upaya mengatasnamakan atau mewakili suarakaum terjajah terbukti mengimplikasikan ciri ideologis statis kerangka kolonialisme(orientalisme); yakni cara pandang Eropasentris, di mana “Barat” sebagai self adalah superior,dan “Timur” sebagai other adalah inferior. Dalam konteks poskolonialisme, MH dengan sifatkritisnya yang berupaya “menyuarakan” nasib pribumi terjajah, justru menampilkan stigmapenguatan kolonialitas itu sendiri secara hegemonik. Artinya, “menyuarakan” nasib pribumidimaknai sebagai keberpihankan kolonial yang kontradiktif, di mana stigma penguatankolonialitas justru lebih terasa, ujung-ujungnya melanggengkan hegemoni kolonial. Tidakmembela yang terjajah, tetapi memperhalus cara kerja mesin kolonial.AbstractThe hegemony of colonialism in the culture of postcolonial society is the reason this studythen examines the colonial discourse in the novel Max Havellar (MH) in particular the impactit brings. The impact in question is the implied position of thought in the work. The resultsof the discussion show that, temporarily or permanently, MH voiced injustice in the colonialconditions regarding the oppression of the colonist against the colonized. However, the effort toname or represent the voice of the colonized has proven to imply a static ideological characterin the framework of colonialism (orientalism); ie Eropacentric point of view, in which “West” asself is superior, and “East” as the other is the inferior. In the context of postcolonialism, MH withits critical nature that seeks to “voice” the fate of the colonized natives, actually presents thestigma of strengthening coloniality itself hegemonicly. That is, “voicing” the fate of the pribumiis interpreted as a contradictory colonial flare, where the stigma of strengthening colonialityis more pronounced, which ultimately perpetuates the hegemony of colonialism. No longerdefending the colonized, but refining the workings of the colonial machinery.

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