Degradation of morpholine by Mycobacterium aurum MO1

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 761-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mazure ◽  
N. Truffaut
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Gel Beads ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mycobacterium Aurum ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

When Mycobacterium aurum MO1 was grown with morpholine, the release of ammonia into the supernatant was proportional to the disappearance of morpholine, showing that this compound was mineralized. MO1 was able to grow in high concentrations of morpholine but accumulation of ammonia inhibited growth and degradation of morpholine. Immobilization of bacterial cells in carrageenan gel beads showed that morpholine degradation in these conditions began earlier and was faster than in free culture. One of the two branches of the lower pathway of morpholine biodegradation was induced while the other branch was inhibited in the presence of morpholine. Strain MO1 grew on heterocyclic compounds similar to morpholine, demonstrating that MO1 is able to degrade heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms (piperidine and pyrrolidine). Compounds containing sulphur or oxygen atoms or compounds with double bonds were not degraded.Key words: Mycobacterium aurum, morpholine, biodegradation.

UV ability to inactivate microorganisms combined with factors affecting radiation

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Shaban ◽  
G. E. El-Taweel ◽  
G. H. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Scenedesmus Obliquus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Dark Repair ◽  
Nile Water

In the present study, the effect of UV radiation on the inactivation of a range of microorganisms was studied. Each organism was seeded into sterile tap water and exposed to UV in batch experiments with changing turbidities. In addition, the effect of UV on microbial communities in river Nile water was examined. It was found that 1min contact time (0.5L/min flow rate) was effective against vegetative cells levels almost reaching zero (except with Staphylococcus aureus). On the other hand, spore-forming bacteria, Candida albicans and coliphage were more resistant to UV. This contact time caused coenobia cells in single form with Scenedesmus obliquus while for Microcystis aeruginosa colonies broke into smaller groups. Exposure of Nile water microbial communities to UV showed that yeasts and Aeromonas survived better than the other organisms while in the phytoplankton partial fragmentation occurred in some algal groups. The protective effect of turbidity differed between organisms, with increased contact time under conditions of stable turbidity having no effect on the organisms. At 20 NTU the UV radiation had no effect on the morphological characters of algal cells. In reactivation experiments, it is clear that photoreactivation, and not dark repair, takes place with bacterial cells. Only coliphage had no photoreactivation and dark repair responses although with coliphage and host, both reactivation processes worked well. Moreover, the irradiated algae regained their normal shape after 3 days in suitable media and enough light.

Polar Diels-Alder Reactions Under Microwave Irradiation Employing Different Heterocyclic Compounds as Electrophiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M.E. Mancini ◽  
Carla M. Ormachea ◽  
María N. Kneeteman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Ionic Conduction ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Cycloaddition Reaction ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

During the last twenty years, our research group has been working with aromatic nitrosubstituted compounds acting as electrophiles in Polar Diels-Alder (P-DA) reactions with different dienes of diverse nucleophilicity. In this type of reaction, after the cycloaddition reaction, the nitrated compounds obtained as the [4+2] cycloadducts suffer cis-extrusion with the loss of nitrous acid and a subsequent aromatization. In this form, the reaction results are irreversible. On the other hand, the microwave-assisted controlled heating become a powerful tool in organic synthesis as it makes the reaction mixture undergo heating by a combination of thermal effects, dipolar polarization and ionic conduction. As the Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction is one of the most important process in organic synthesis, the microwave (MW) irradiation was applied instead of conventional heating, and this resulted in better yields and shorter reaction times. Several substituted heterocyclic compounds were used as electrophiles and different dienes as nucleophiles. Two experimental situations are involved: one in the presence of Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs) as solvent and the other under solvent-free conditions. The analysis is based on experimental data and theoretical calculations.

17O and 13C NMR spectra of some geminal diacetates

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonín Lyčka ◽  
Josef Jirman ◽  
Jaroslav Holeček
Keyword(s):  
13C Nmr ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
The Other ◽  
13C Nmr Spectra ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Carboxylic Esters ◽  
C Nmr ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

The 17O and 13C NMR spectra of eight geminal diacetates RCH(O(CO)CH3)2 derived from simple aldehydes have been measured. In contrast to the dicarboxylates R1R2E(O(CO)R3)2, where E = Si, Ge, or Sn, whose 17O NMR spectra only contain a single signal, and, on the other hand, in accordance with organic carboxylic esters, the 17O NMR spectra of the compound group studied always exhibit two well-resolved signals with the chemical shifts δ(17O) in the regions of 183-219 ppm and 369-381 ppm for the oxygen atoms in the groups C-O and C=O, respectively.

scholarly journals Metals in Calluna vulgaris, Empetrum nigrum, Festuca vivipara and Thymus praecox ssp. arcticus in the geothermal areas of Iceland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Rajsz ◽  
Bronisław Wojtuń ◽  
Aleksandra Samecka-Cymerman ◽  
Paweł Wąsowicz ◽  
Lucyna Mróz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extreme Situation ◽  
Empetrum Nigrum ◽  
Geothermal Activity ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Festuca Vivipara

AbstractThis investigation was conducted to identify the content of metals in Calluna vulgaris (family Ericaceae), Empetrum nigrum (family Ericaceae), Festuca vivipara (family Poaceae) and Thymus praecox subsp. arcticus (family Lamiaceae), as well as in the soils where they were growing in eight geothermal heathlands in Iceland. Investigation into the vegetation of geothermal areas is crucial and may contribute to their proper protection in the future and bring more understanding under what conditions the plants respond to an ecologically more extreme situation. Plants from geothermally active sites were enriched with metals as compared to the same species from non-geothermal control sites (at an average from about 150 m from geothermal activity). The enriched metals consisted of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe and Ni in C. vulgaris; Cd, Mn and Ti in E. nigrum; Hg and Pb in F. vivipara; and Cd, Fe and Hg in T. praecox. Notably, C. vulgaris, E. nigrum, F. vivipara and T. praecox had remarkably high concentrations of Ti at levels typical of toxicity thresholds. Cd and Pb (except for C. vulgaris and F. vivipara) were not accumulated in the shoots of geothermal plants. C. vulgaris from geothermal and control sites was characterised by the highest bioaccumulation factor (BF) of Ti and Mn; E. nigrum and F. vivipara by the highest BF of Ti and Cr; and T. praecox by the highest BF of Ti and Zn compared to the other elements. In comparison with the other examined species, F. vivipara from geothermal sites had the highest concentration of Ti in above-ground parts at any concentration of plant-available Ti in soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Pseudomonas moorei KB4 Cells’ Immobilisation on Their Degradation Potential and Tolerance towards Paracetamol

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
Robert Surma ◽  
Danuta Wojcieszyńska ◽  
Jagna Karcz ◽  
Urszula Guzik
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Toxicity Analysis ◽  
Immobilised Cells ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Hill

Pseudomonas moorei KB4 is capable of degrading paracetamol, but high concentrations of this drug may cause an accumulation of toxic metabolites. It is known that immobilisation can have a protective effect on bacterial cells; therefore, the toxicity and degradation rate of paracetamol by the immobilised strain KB4 were assessed. Strain KB4 was immobilised on a plant sponge. A toxicity assessment was performed by measuring the concentration of ATP using the colony-forming unit (CFU) method. The kinetic parameters of paracetamol degradation were estimated using the Hill equation. Toxicity analysis showed a protective effect of the carrier at low concentrations of paracetamol. Moreover, a pronounced phenomenon of hormesis was observed in the immobilised systems. The obtained kinetic parameters and the course of the kinetic curves clearly indicate a decrease in the degradation activity of cells after their immobilisation. There was a delay in degradation in the systems with free cells without glucose and immobilised cells with glucose. However, it was demonstrated that the immobilised systems can degrade at least ten succeeding cycles of 20 mg/L paracetamol degradation. The obtained results indicate that the immobilised strain may become a useful tool in the process of paracetamol degradation.

Removal of trace contaminants using molecularly imprinted polymers

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Le Noir ◽  
B. Guieysse ◽  
B. Mattiasson
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Trace Contaminants ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Trace Concentrations ◽  
Granulated Activated Carbon

This work was conducted to study the potential of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the removal of oestradiol at trace concentrations (1 ppm–1 ppb). An MIP synthesised with 17β-oestradiol as template was compared to non-imprinted polymers (NIP) synthesised under the same conditions but without template, a commercial C18 extraction phase and granulated activated carbon. At 1 ppb oestradiol was recovered by 98±2% when using the MIP, compared to 90±1, 79±1, and 84±2% when using the NIP, a C18 phase, or granulated activated carbon, respectively. According to these levels, the MIP was capable of producing an effluent with a quality 5–10 times higher than the other materials. The same levels of oestradiol recovery were achieved with the MIP when supplying 17β-oestradiol at 0.1 ppm. Phenolic compounds added as interferences bound less to the MIP than to the NIP, confirming the selectivity of the MIP. Oestradiol biodegradation was also demonstrated at high concentrations (50 ppm), showing the pollutants can be safely destructed after being enriched by molecular extraction. This study demonstrates the potential of molecular imprinted polymers as a highly efficient specific adsorbent for the removal of trace contaminants.

scholarly journals Cooperative Roles of Nitric Oxide-Metabolizing Enzymes To Counteract Nitrosative Stress in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Shimizu ◽  
Akio Matsumoto ◽  
Masatoshi Noda
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) has at least three enzymes, NorV, Hmp, and Hcp, that act independently to lower the toxicity of nitric oxide (NO), a potent antimicrobial molecule. This study aimed to reveal the cooperative roles of these defensive enzymes in EHEC against nitrosative stress. Under anaerobic conditions, combined deletion of all three enzymes significantly increased the NO sensitivity of EHEC determined by the growth at late stationary phase; however, the expression of norV restored the NO resistance of EHEC. On the other hand, the growth of Δhmp mutant EHEC was inhibited after early stationary phase, indicating that NorV and Hmp play a cooperative role in anaerobic growth. Under microaerobic conditions, the growth of Δhmp mutant EHEC was inhibited by NO, indicating that Hmp is the enzyme that protects cells from NO stress under microaerobic conditions. When EHEC cells were exposed to a lower concentration of NO, the NO level in bacterial cells of Δhcp mutant EHEC was higher than those of the other EHEC mutants, suggesting that Hcp is effective at regulating NO levels only at a low concentration. These findings of a low level of NO in bacterial cells with hcp indicate that the NO consumption activity of Hcp was suppressed by Hmp at a low range of NO concentrations. Taken together, these results show that the cooperative effects of NO-metabolizing enzymes are regulated by the range of NO concentrations to which the EHEC cells are exposed.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of 1,3-diallyl-1,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7-methano-2-benzothiophene 2,2-dioxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. o1163-o1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sambasivarao Kotha ◽  
Rama Gunta
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Envelope Conformation ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Membered Heterocycle

The title compound C15H20O2S, was identified as a product of diallylation of themeso-isomer of the corresponding norbornene sulfone, and it is an achiral compound. The five-membered heterocycle adopts an envelope conformation with the S atom deviating by 0.795 (3) Å from the other atoms of the ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0131). Both allyl groups areanti-oriented relative to the S atom but their double bonds are directed in opposite directions relative to the plane of the heterocycle.

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns of Carbon Monoxide Distribution to Traffic Jam in East Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
A W Ramadhan ◽  
A Wibowo ◽  
R Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mobile Emission ◽  
Spatial Analysis Method ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract The rapid growth of cities will certainly also increase traffic jams and emissions in the air. This study aims to analyze the increase in car volume and the CO distribution pattern in East Jakarta. Data for traffic jam patterns were recorded based on Google Maps on weekdays in the morning and evening. The spatial analysis method used to find the CO distribution pattern is the IDW interpolation, and the mathematical model calculates the moving emission based on the distance travelled (VKT). The spatial pattern of CO distribution in 2020 was scattered with high concentrations in Pasar Rebo, Ciracas, Cipayung, Kramat Jati, and Makasar Districts, with CO levels above 4,500 ppm. The spatial pattern of CO distribution from the mobile emission model differs from the air station IDW interpolation. The CO distribution pattern from the mobile emission model is very concentrated in Makassar, and Kramat Jati District was 6,740.91 tons/year. The result concluded that the increase in vehicle volume is not related to the distribution of the CO model from air station IDW interpolation, and the other hand, the congestion pattern was related to the distribution pattern of the CO model from vehicles from the level of congestion.

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