Inhibition de champignons phytopathogènes par des bactéries isolées du sol et de la rhizosphère de légumineuses

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 856-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gagné ◽  
H. Antoun ◽  
C. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Gliocladium Roseum ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Sensitive Fungus

The antifungal activity of 644 bacterial isolates obtained from soil and from the rhizosphere of some leguminous plants was studied with one hyperparasite and six pathogenic fungi frequently associated with leguminous or gramineous plants. More than half (51.2%) of the bacterial isolates inhibited at least one fungus and 1.7% had an inhibitory effect on all the fungi tested. Stemphylium sarcinaeforme was the most sensitive fungus (inhibited by 27.0% of the bacteria tested), while Fusarium solani and Gliocladium roseum were the most resistant (inhibited by only 7.6 and 7.8% of the isolates, respectively). Verticillium albo-atrum and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis, important pathogens of alfalfa, were inhibited by 17.7 and 14.7% of the bacteria, respectively. Among the 166 bacteria showing the most important inhibitory effect on fungi, 7.2% inhibited strain A2 of Rhizobium meliloti and 21.1%, strain S14. In general, we obtained higher percentages of bacteria inhibiting fungi and Rhizobium meliloti from rhizospheric than from nonrhizospheric soil. When incorporated in the growth medium, some Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. reduced the growth surface of the tested fungi by more than 90%. Some bacteria reduced the mycelium density rather than the growth surface.

scholarly journals Mutagenic Effect of Crucifers Lepidium sativum and Eruca sativa in Comparison to Carrot Daucus carota

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Survival Fraction ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Different Levels

The mutagenic effect of some crucifers widely consumed Lepiduim sativum (Garden cress) and Arugula (Eruca sativa) was studied in comparison to carrot (Daucus carota), using bacterial mutagenic system composed of three bacterial isolates; (Bacillus spp)G3 (Arthrobacter spp)G12, and (Brevibacterium spp)G27 ,. Treatment of isolates with plant extracts led to reduction in survival fraction (Sx)at different levels except that Aurgula extract did not show any inhibitory effect in isolates G12 and G27. Crucifers extracts induced streptomycin resistant mutants in G12 at higher level than G3 , but not in G27. No resistance to rifimpacin was detected in all isolates.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Fungal Plant Pathogens by Aqueous Extracts of Arum cyreniacum

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Abdulrraziq ◽  
Sami M. Salih ◽  
Sultan F. Alnomasy ◽  
Ziyad M. Aldosari ◽  
Bader S. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Fungal Plant Pathogens ◽  
The Family

Arum cyreniacum is an important member of the family of Araceae because of its bio-activities. Hence this work aimed to establish a link between Arum cyreniacum and its uses as bio-control against plant pathogenic fungi which had never hitherto been established. This work was carried out to evaluate the activity of the aqueous extracts of tubers, leaves, and flowers of Arum cyreniacum against three different types of pathogenic fungi, Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores and Aspergillus niger. The antifungal activity of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum was determined by poisoned food technique. The results showed that Arum cyreniacum had an inhibitory effect in a dose-dependent manner on Fusarium solani, Rhizopus microspores, while Aspergillus niger was resistant to all extracts. However, the great inhibition activity against tested fungi was associated with increasing concentrations of the aqueous extracts of Arum cyreniacum. Data in this work indicated that the use of Arum cyreniacum could be a valid alternative for bio-control of plant pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Antagonisme Bakteri terhadap Kapang Patogen pada Lahan Pertanian Tomat di Kabupaten Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mustaqim Mustaqim ◽  
Muhammad Fahrurrizal A. ◽  
Dasriani Dasriani ◽  
Hanifah Rahmawati ◽  
Putri Dhamira
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

Efforts in overcoming the problem of pathogenic mold attack can be done with the use of bacteria. This study aims to isolate the bacteria potentially controlling pathogenic molds in tomato plants (Solanum lycoperscium), as well as to identify potential bacteria controlling pathogenic fungi in tomato plants (Solanum lycoperscium) in Malang Regency. This research is an experimental laboratory study with a randomized block design (RCBD). This study used a Randomized Block Design because the experimental unit used was heterogeneous originating from 3 different locations. Of the 20 types of bacterial isolates, there are 6 bacteria that have the potential to inhibit the growth of Fusarium solani fungi that cause wilt disease in tomato plants, namely labeled bacteria EK, IK, BK, KK, CK and OK. There are six colonies that can act as antagonists of the fungus F. solani. It can be estimated that the six bacteria have the power to remodel and use carbon compounds. The carbon compounds such as arabinosa, xylosa, dextrose, cellobinosa, maltose, mannitol, sorbitol, and the use of citrate.

Actinomycètes antagonistes de champignons et n'affectant pas le Rhizobium meliloti

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Antoun ◽  
L. M. Bordeleau ◽  
C. Gagnon ◽  
R. A. Lachance
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Soil ◽  
Soil Isolate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sensitive Fungus

The effects of 481 actinomycetes isolated from agricultural soils supporting good growth of alfalfa or clover on two efficient strains of Rhizobium meliloti A2 and S14 were studied. Strain A2 was inhibited by 28% of the isolates and strain S14 was inhibited by 31% of them. No significant difference was found between the resistance of both actinomycete strains. The effects of the 288 isolates not affecting R. meliloti on six fungi were also studied. The most sensitive fungus was Stemphylium sarcinaeforme inhibited by 20% of the isolates, while Fusarium culmorum was the most resistant fungus and was inhibited by only 6% of the isolates. Thirteen isolates inhibited four to six fungi. In an autoclaved greenhouse soil, isolate 181 which inhibited the six fungi tested significantly reduced the population of the phytopathogenic fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis and eliminated the inhibitory effect showed by this fungus on strain A2 of R. meliloti.

EFEKTIFITAS RHIZOCTONIA MIKORIZA DALAM MENGINDUKSI KETAHANAN ANGGREK PHALAENOPSIS AMABILIS TERHADAP FUSARIUM SP.

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Soelistijono
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
Fusarium Sp

This study examines the effectiveness of mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia resistance induction in Phalaenopsis amabilis against Fusarium sp. Fusarium solani is known as pathogens that attack many orchids P. amabilis (Chung et al., 2011) compared to other pathogenic fungi. Attack of Fusarium sp. will cause rot and yellow colored leaves. Until now there has been known as a biological control orchid against Fusarium sp. In this study tested the endurance locations in Sleman and Surakarta to see the effectiveness of a good orchid growth induced by Rhizoctonia mycorrhizal or not to attack by Fusarium sp. The results of the study showed that mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia able to inhibit the attack of Fusarium sp. It is shown by the value of the index of disease resistance  (DSI) in P. amabilis orchid mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia induced lower than that not induced. Mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia induction results in Sleman provide a more real than mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia induction in Surakarta.

scholarly journals Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1448
Author(s):  
Lei Gao ◽  
Jinbiao Ma ◽  
Yonghong Liu ◽  
Yin Huang ◽  
Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Isolation Effect ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens

Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host’s adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.

scholarly journals Double Gamers—Can Modified Natural Regulators of Higher Plants Act as Antagonists against Phytopathogens? The Case of Jasmonic Acid Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8681
Author(s):  
Nicolò Orsoni ◽  
Francesca Degola ◽  
Luca Nerva ◽  
Franco Bisceglie ◽  
Giorgio Spadola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phaeomoniella Chlamydospora ◽  
Horticultural Crops

As key players in biotic stress response of plants, jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives cover a specific and prominent role in pathogens-mediated signaling and hence are promising candidates for a sustainable management of phytopathogenic fungi. Recently, JA directed antimicrobial effects on plant pathogens has been suggested, supporting the theory of oxylipins as double gamers in plant-pathogen interaction. Based on these premises, six derivatives (dihydrojasmone and cis-jasmone, two thiosemicarbazonic derivatives and their corresponding complexes with copper) have been evaluated against 13 fungal species affecting various economically important herbaceous and woody crops, such as cereals, grapes and horticultural crops: Phaeoacremonium minimum, Neofusicoccum parvum, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Fomitiporia mediterranea, Fusarium poae, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae,F. sporotrichioides, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani,Sclerotinia spp. and Verticillium dahliae. The biological activity of these compounds was assessed in terms of growth inhibition and, for the two mycotoxigenic species A. flavus and F. sporotrichioides, also in terms of toxin containment. As expected, the inhibitory effect of molecules greatly varied amongst both genera and species; cis-jasmone thiosemicarbazone in particular has shown the wider range of effectiveness. However, our results show that thiosemicarbazones derivatives are more effective than the parent ketones in limiting fungal growth and mycotoxins production, supporting possible applications for the control of pathogenic fungi.

The ability of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from nematode host and non-host plants to influence the hatch in vitro of the two potato cyst nematode species, Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aileen Ryan ◽  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Potato Cyst Nematode ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacillus Spp

AbstractSeventy bacteria, isolated from the rhizosphere of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) host plant, potato, were cultured in the presence and absence of potato root leachate (PRL) and the resultant culture filtrates were analysed for their ability to affect the hatch in vitro of the two PCN species. Of the isolates tested, nine had a significant effect on PCN hatch. Six affected Globodera pallida hatch and three affected G. rostochiensis hatch. Five of the isolates significantly increased hatch only when cultured in the presence of PRL. Three of the isolates decreased PCN hatch significantly in PRL. Only one isolate increased hatch significantly in the absence of PRL. No isolate affected the hatch of both species. Six of the nine isolates that significantly affected PCN hatch had been pre-selected by culturing on PRL. Bacterial isolates from PCN non-hosts (14 from wheat, 17 from sugar beet) were also tested for hatching activity. The principal effect of the hatch-active isolates from the PCN non-host plants was to increase PCN hatch in the presence of PRL. In contrast to the host bacteria results, the isolates from non-host plants affected only G. rostochiensis hatch (three wheat isolates and four sugar beet isolates significantly increased G. rostochiensis hatch); no such isolate affected G. pallida hatch significantly in the presence of PRL. Ten isolates (32%) from non-host plants had the ability to increase significantly the hatch of PCN in the absence of PRL (eight of these affected G. rostochiensis hatch and four affected G. pallida hatch), compared to only one bacterial isolate (1%) from a host plant. The majority of the isolates from non-hosts produced PCN species-specific effects, as with the bacteria isolated from potatoes, although two wheat isolates increased the hatch of both species significantly in the absence of PRL. Of 20 hatch-active bacterial isolates (from all three plants) identified, 70% were Bacillus spp. Other genera identified were Arthrobacter , Acinetobacter and Staphylococcus .

scholarly journals New Bis-Alkenoic Acid Derivatives from a Marine-Derived Fungus Fusarium solani H915

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-Zhi Liu ◽  
Xia Yan ◽  
Xi-Xiang Tang ◽  
Jin-Guo Lin ◽  
Ying-Kun Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Alkenoic Acid ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Acid Esters

Fusarium solani H915 is a fungus derived from mangrove sediments. From its ethyl acetate extract, a new alkenoic acid, fusaridioic acid A (1), three new bis-alkenoic acid esters, namely, fusariumester A1 (2), A2 (3) and B (4), together with three known compounds (5–7), were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were comprehensively characterized by high resolution electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Additionally, the antifungal activities against tea pathogenic fungi Pestalotiopsis theae and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were studied. The new compound, 4, containing a β-lactone ring, exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against P. theae, with an MIC of 50 μg/disc. Hymeglusin (6), a typical β-lactone antibiotic and a terpenoid alkaloid, equisetin (7), exhibited potent inhibitory activities against both fungal species. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their effects on zebrafish embryo development. Equisetin clearly imparted toxic effect on zebrafish even at low concentrations. However, none of the alkenoic acid derivatives exhibited significant toxicity to zebrafish eggs, embryos, or larvae. Thus, the β-lactone containing alkenoic acid derivatives from F. solani H915 are low in toxicity and are potent antifungal agents against tea pathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Fungicidal effect of silver nanoparticles on toxigenic fungi in cocoa

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1929-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Villamizar-Gallardo ◽  
Johann Faccelo Osma Cruz ◽  
Oscar Orlando Ortíz-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the microbicidal effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on potentially toxigenic fungi affecting cocoa (Theobroma cacao) crops. These fungi, isolated from diseased cocoa pods, were characterized phenotypically and genotypically. The microbicidal effect was assessed by measuring radial mycelial growth, in synthetic culture media, and at different AgNP concentrations in plant tissues. The inhibition effect was monitored in Petri dishes, and changes in fungal structures were observed through scanning electron microscopy. Two potentially toxigenic fungi were highly prevalent: Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium solani. The inhibition assays, performed in liquid and solid synthetic culture media, showed that AgNPs did not significantly affect the growth of these fungi, even at the highest concentration (100 ppm). By contrast, they showed a positive inhibitory effect in plant tissues, especially in the cortex, when infected with A. flavus, in which an 80 ppm dose completely inhibited fungal growth. However, once fungi have managed to penetrate inside the pods, their growth is unavoidable, and AgNP effect is reduced. On F. solani, the studied nanomaterial only induced some texture and pigmentation changes. The microbicidal effect of chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles is greater in plant tissues than in culture media.

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