Specificity of virus adsorption to clay minerals

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Lipson ◽  
G. Stotzky
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Minimal Essential Medium ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Virus Adsorption ◽  
Serum Amino Acids ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Positively Charged

Competitive adsorption studies indicated that reovirus type 3 and coliphage T1 did not share common adsorption sites on kaolinite and montmorillonite. Compounds in the minimal essential medium (e.g., fetal bovine serum, amino acids) in which the reovirus was maintained blocked adsorption of coliphage T1 to kaolinite and partially to montmorillonite in synthetic estuarine water, but they had no effect on coliphage adsorption to montmorillonite in distilled water or on the adsorption of the reovirus to either clay. The blockage of positively charged sites on kaolinite or montmorillonite by treatment of the clays with sodium metaphosphate or with the supernatants from montmorillonite or kaolinite, respectively, had no effect on adsorption of the reovirus. These data indicate that there was a specificity in adsorption sites for mixed populations of reovirus type 3 and coliphage T1 and emphasize the importance of using more than one type of virus, especially in combination, to predict virus behavior (e.g., adsorption, loss of infectivity) in soils and sediments containing clay minerals.

scholarly journals Contact residues and predicted structure of the reovirus type 3-receptor interaction

1991 ◽  
Vol 266 (14) ◽  
pp. 9241-9250 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.V. Williams ◽  
T. Kieber-Emmons ◽  
D.B. Weiner ◽  
D.H. Rubin ◽  
M.I. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Contact Residues ◽  
Type 3

scholarly journals Sites and Determinants of Early Cleavages in the Proteolytic Processing Pathway of Reovirus Surface Protein σ3

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 5184-5197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Jané-Valbuena ◽  
Laura A. Breun ◽  
Leslie A. Schiff ◽  
Max L. Nibert
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Inactive Form ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Type 3

ABSTRACT Entry of mammalian reovirus virions into target cells requires proteolytic processing of surface protein σ3. In the virion, σ3 mostly covers the membrane-penetration protein μ1, appearing to keep it in an inactive form and to prevent it from interacting with the cellular membrane until the proper time in infection. The molecular mechanism by which σ3 maintains μ1 in this inactive state and the structural changes that accompany σ3 processing and μ1 activation, however, are not well understood. In this study we characterized the early steps in σ3 processing and determined their effects on μ1 function and particle infectivity. We identified two regions of high protease sensitivity, “hypersensitive” regions located at residues 208 to 214 and 238 to 244, within which all proteases tested selectively cleaved σ3 as an early step in processing. Further processing of σ3 was required for infection, consistent with the fact that the fragments resulting from these early cleavages remained bound to the particles. Reovirus type 1 Lang (T1L), type 3 Dearing (T3D), and T1L × T3D reassortant virions differed in the sites of early σ3 cleavage, with T1L σ3 being cleaved mainly at residues 238 to 244 and T3D σ3 being cleaved mainly at residues 208 to 214. These virions also differed in the rates at which the early cleavages occurred, with cleavage of T1L σ3 occurring faster than cleavage of T3D σ3. Analyses using chimeric and site-directed mutants of recombinant σ3 identified carboxy-proximal residues 344, 347, and 353 as the primary determinants of these strain differences. The spatial relationships between these more carboxy-proximal residues and the hypersensitive regions were discerned from the σ3 crystal structure. The results indicate that proteolytic processing of σ3 during reovirus disassembly is a multistep pathway with a number of molecular determinants.

Sorption Mechanism of Carbon-14 by Hardened Cement Paste

1995 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Noshita ◽  
T. Nishi ◽  
M. Matsuda ◽  
T. Izumida
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
Sorption Mechanism ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Radioactive Waste Repositories ◽  
Waste Repositories ◽  
Positively Charged

AbstractCarbon-14 sorption by cementitious materials should be enhanced to ensure the long term safety of radioactive waste repositories. The sorption mechanism of inorganic C- 14 (CO32- was investigated using batch sorption experiments and zeta potential measurements. The results suggested that C-14 was adsorbed onto the cement surface by an electrostatic force, due to the reaction between SiO2 and CaO contained in the cementitious composition. That is, SiO2 was originally negatively charged (SiO-) in cement, but became positively charged through the interaction of Ca2+. These positive sites on the SiO2 surface adsorbed inorganic C-14. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) did not contain enough SiO2 compared with its CaO content to produce sufficient numbers of C-14 adsorption sites. The C-14 distribution coefficient (Kd) was increased from 2,000 to 7,000 mL/g by adding SiO2 to OPC.

REO-001: A phase I trial of percutaneous intralesional administration of reovirus type 3 dearing (Reolysin®) in patients with advanced solid tumors

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 696-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don G. Morris ◽  
Xiaolan Feng ◽  
Lisa M. DiFrancesco ◽  
Kevin Fonseca ◽  
Peter A Forsyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Phase I Trial ◽  
Advanced Solid Tumors ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Intralesional Administration ◽  
Type 3

Receptor utilization by reovirus type 3: distinct binding sites on thymoma and fibroblast cell lines result in differential compartmentalization of virions

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Rubin ◽  
David B. Weiner ◽  
Chaim Dworkin ◽  
Mark I. Greene ◽  
Gerd G. Maul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Fibroblast Cell Lines

Methodology for Recognition of Invasive Potential of Escherichia coli

1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J Mehlman ◽  
Elmer L Eide ◽  
Arvey C Sanders ◽  
Morris Fishbein ◽  
Calvin C G Aulisio
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Mammalian Cell Culture ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Minimal Essential Medium ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Intracellular Multiplication ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Surveillance for dysentery-related invasive potential in bacteria using the Sereny keratoconjunctivitis test is restricted by expense, time factor, and necessity for confirmation. Primary screening of isolates in a standardized mammalian cell culture system is recommended. Bacteria are grown 20 hr in veal infusion, washed, and resuspended in 20% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplemented with 0.12% brain heart infusion and 0.1% bile salts. The HeLa culture is grown 20 hr as a monolayer in chamber slides with 90% minimal essential medium (MEM)-10% FBS. The host culture is infected at a ratio of 10 bacteria/ mammalian cell for 3 hr at 35°C. The infection medium is replaced with MEM-FBS supplemented with 300 μg lysozyme and 5 μg gentamycin/ml. The infected monolayer is incubated 5 hr at 35°C to permit intracellular multiplication. Specimens arc washed, fixed with methanol, and stained successively with May-Grunwald and Giemsa dyes. Bacteria occur within the cytoplasm if invasion has occurred. The criterion for a positive test is that 1% of the host cells possesses at least 5 bacteria in 2 of 3 trials. Invasiveness is correlated with and possibly pre-conditioned by cytotoxic principle(s). Infectivity rates vary from 0 to 30%. The cytopathic effect is noted in 5–50% of HeLa cells. Positive results must be confirmed by the Sereny test.

scholarly journals 1010 REOVIRUS TYPE 3 ANTIBODIES IN THE SERA OF INFANTS WITH BILIARY ATRESIA

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 611-611
Author(s):  
J Glaser ◽  
S Cho ◽  
R Moreoki ◽  
M Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Reovirus Type ◽  
Type 3
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