Growth of two serotypes of Nitrobacter in mixotrophic and chemoorganotrophic conditions

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gay ◽  
A. Josserand ◽  
R. Bardin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Mixotrophic Conditions

The influence of organic compounds (pyruvate, yeast extract, and peptone) was tested on two Nitrobacter serotypes. In mixotrophic conditions, these compounds caused swelling of the cells. As shown by immunofluorescence, multiplication of the nitrifying bacteria still occurred in the absence of nitrite. Although growth was slower under such conditions, the organic substrates were used as energy sources. However, the response of the different serotypes studied varied and this could explain the fluctuations of the two nitrifying populations in the soil.

Nitrification as a source of soluble organic substrate in biological treatment

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce E. Rittmann ◽  
John M. Regan ◽  
David A. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Soluble Microbial Products ◽  
Microbial Products

In complex, multispecies populations, exchange of substrates can be an important beneficial interaction. Prior experimental and theoretical work has led to the hypothesis that the formation of soluble microbial products (SMP) by nitrifying bacteria can provide a supplementary organic substrate for heterotrophic bacteria, thereby augmenting their accumulation and stability, especially when inputs of organic substrates are low. In this study, chemostat experiments carried out with a NO2−-oxidizing strain (Nitrobacter sp.) and an NH4+-oxidizing strain (Nitrosomonas europaea) demonstrated that both nitrifiers produce SMP that can support heterotrophic bacteria. The first evidence was the presence of significant concentrations of soluble COD in the chemostat effluent, even though the influent was free of organic compounds. Second, a small heterotrophic population was maintained, apparently through utilization of the nitrifier-produced SMP. A preliminary kinetic analysis suggested that SMP kinetic parameters can be adapted from parameters measured for heterotrophs.

scholarly journals City sewer collectors biocorrosion

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Ksia̧żek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
The City

AbstractThis paper presents the biocorrosion of city sewer collectors impregnated with special polymer sulphur binders, polymerized sulphur, which is applied as the industrial waste material. The city sewer collectors are settled with a colony of soil bacteria which have corrosive effects on its structure. Chemoautotrophic nitrifying bacteria utilize the residues of halites (carbamide) which migrate in the city sewer collectors, due to the damaged dampproofing of the roadway and produce nitrogen salts. Chemoorganotrophic bacteria utilize the traces of organic substrates and produce a number of organic acids (formic, acetic, propionic, citric, oxalic and other). The activity of microorganisms so enables the origination of primary and secondary salts which affect physical properties of concretes in city sewer collectors unfavourably.

scholarly journals Microbial biodeterioration and biodegradation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ipek Kurtböke ◽  
Irina Ivshina ◽  
Linda L Blackall
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Microorganisms including bacteria and fungi can use a wide variety of organic compounds as their carbon and energy sources and exploit numerous options as electron acceptors facilitating their ability to live in diverse environments. Such microbial biodegradative activities can result in the bioremediation of polluted sites or cause biodeterioration. Biodegradation and biodeterioration are closely related processes, and they often involve the same organisms, processes and materials.

scholarly journals Identification of Polluted Sites in Four Major Rivers in Kuantan, Malaysia based on Water Chemistry Estimates of Aquatic Microbial Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3813
Author(s):  
Kozaki ◽  
Harun ◽  
Chong ◽  
Esraruddin ◽  
Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Oxidation

Kuantan in Pahang, Malaysia has experienced rapid development and environmental degradation over the past decade following the implementation of The National Physical Plan 2005. To assess water quality and identify polluted areas in the region, we measured the water chemistry and microbial activity in response to land use changes for four major rivers, namely Pahang, Kuantan, Belat, and Galing River, using data from ion chromatography and portable water quality monitoring devices. The following were concluded: (1) Significant differences in COD concentration between all monitored rivers suggests that COD and its associated biological reactions are key parameters to assess anthropogenic water quality degradation in our study area; (2) Due to low anthropogenic wastewater pollution, the dominant microbial reactions in the Pahang, Kuantan, and Belat Rivers were aerobic microbial oxidation of organic compounds and nitrification by nitrifying bacteria, allowing the rivers to self-purify; (3) The Galing River predominantly experiences anaerobic decomposition of organic compounds through microbial denitrification and sulfate reduction due to heavy anthropogenic land use in the river basin; (4) The western side of the Galing River and upstream sites located within the industrial and business/servicing areas in Kuantan city center experience the heaviest pollution.

Uptake and metabolism of organic compounds by Chlorobium phaeobacteroides isolated from Lake Kinneret

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bergstein ◽  
Y. Henis ◽  
B. Z. Cavari
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
Acetate Concentration ◽  
Chlorobium Phaeobacteroides ◽  
Cell Fractions ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

Organic substrates have an important role in Chlorobium phaeobacteroides nutrition, especially under suboptimal light intensities for photosynthetic activity. In addition, increasing acetate concentration in the medium caused a decrease in photosynthetic activity. Approximately 50% of the acetate carbon was retained in the cells, while the other 50% was released as CO2. Acetate carbon and CO2 carbon were assimilated into the same cell fractions. Two key enzymes of the glyoxylic acid cycle were found in Chlorobium cells, indicating that acetate is incorporated via this pathway.

Elements of the Inhibition of Nitrifying Bacteria

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 781-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Martin ◽  
Y Richard
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Laboratory Procedure ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Absorptive Property

Laboratory experiments were conducted on ammonia bio-oxidation to nitrates by mixed cultures of nitrifiers in order to quantify the influence of mineral and organic pollutants on biokinetics parameters. First, the inhibitory effects of various heavy metal ions were studied using laboratory scale activated sludge and submerged filter units. Depending on the unit process and the metal involved, inhibitory effects are observed at concentrations above 1 mg/l. Results obtained provide further support for an hypothesis suggested as an explanation of the toxicity of compounds such as heavy metals: this is based on a Freunclich's adsorption law of heavy metals on nitrifying sludge. No change of inhibitory effects are obtained using fixed films in submerged filters. The effects of organic compounds were examined using the same laboratory procedure. Inhibitory effects of organic compounds in submerged filters depend on their absorptive property. Each of the organic compounds involved may affect nitrifying bacteria.

Organic Carbon Utilisation by Iron(II)-Oxidising Bacteria Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans and Alicyclobacillus Strain FP1 that Inhabit Copper Sulfide Leaching Heaps

2015 ◽  
Vol 1130 ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis W. Shiers ◽  
David M. Collinson ◽  
Helen R. Watling
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Carbon Utilisation ◽  
Monitoring And Measurement

Strains ofSulfobacillus (S.)andAlicyclobacillusspecies have been identified/detected in managed bioleaching heaps and agitated tanks using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods.S thermosulfidooxidansoxidises both iron(II) and reduced inorganic sulfur compounds (RISC). Several strains were isolated from a copper sulfide heap in North Western Australia.Alicyclobacillusstrain FP1 (FP1) was also isolated from the heap and oxidises iron(II) but not RISC. However, the species exhibit differentiating characteristics during growth on D-glucose, which has been explored using a suite of monitoring and measurement techniques. As examples, a growth factor (yeast extract) is essential for FP1 but not forS. thermosulfidooxidans, although yeast extract is beneficial to the latter. FP1 grows well on glucose, compared with the poor-to-no growth ofS. thermosulfidooxidanson the substrate. Solution pH strongly influences the activity of both species when grown on organic substrates, suggesting a pivotal role for solution acidity in the growth and activity of heterotrophs or mixotrophs in heap leach systems. This research forms part of an ongoing development of a data base with which to interpret the impacts of leaching conditions in heaps on microbial activity without having to disrupt metal production by invasive sampling campaigns. The insights gained will assist in understanding the effects that changing conditions in heaps due to acid consumption and/or increased element concentrations in process water may have on microbial activity.

Activities of Activated Sludge Affected by Pharmaceutical Wastewater in a Membrane Bioreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1426-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Hong Ding ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Hong Qiang Ren
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Pharmaceutical Wastewater ◽  
Submerged Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Final Effluent

a submerged membrane bioreactor was used to treat the effluent of a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment system, the treated water is rich in ammonia nitrogen and organic compounds (NH4-N, averaged in 78.1 mg/L; COD, averaged in 189.5 mg/L), the final effluent of membrane bioreactor was stably below 50 mg/L COD and 40 mg/L NH4-N respectively, the activity of nitrifying bacteria was inhibited by high concentrations of organic compounds and ammonia nitrogen, a rapid declination of filtration was probably resulted form high concentrations of organic compounds and biomass.

scholarly journals Peroxide-Mediated Oxygenation of Organic Compounds by Fungal Peroxygenases

Antioxidants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Martin Hofrichter ◽  
Harald Kellner ◽  
Robert Herzog ◽  
Alexander Karich ◽  
Jan Kiebist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Active Site ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Phenoxy Radical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs), whose sequences can be found in the genomes of thousands of filamentous fungi, many yeasts and certain fungus-like protists, are fascinating biocatalysts that transfer peroxide-borne oxygen (from H2O2 or R-OOH) with high efficiency to a wide range of organic substrates, including less or unactivated carbons and heteroatoms. A twice-proline-flanked cysteine (PCP motif) typically ligates the heme that forms the heart of the active site of UPOs and enables various types of relevant oxygenation reactions (hydroxylation, epoxidation, subsequent dealkylations, deacylation, or aromatization) together with less specific one-electron oxidations (e.g., phenoxy radical formation). In consequence, the substrate portfolio of a UPO enzyme always combines prototypical monooxygenase and peroxidase activities. Here, we briefly review nearly 20 years of peroxygenase research, considering basic mechanistic, molecular, phylogenetic, and biotechnological aspects.

scholarly journals Evolution of Thermophilic Microbial Communities from a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Chimney under Electrolithoautotrophic Conditions with Nitrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Guillaume Pillot ◽  
Oulfat Amin Ali ◽  
Sylvain Davidson ◽  
Laetitia Shintu ◽  
Yannick Combet-Blanc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Electrical Consumption ◽  
Over Time

Recent studies have shown the presence of an abiotic electrical current across the walls of deep-sea hydrothermal chimneys, allowing the growth of electroautotrophic microbial communities. To understand the role of the different phylogenetic groups and metabolisms involved, this study focused on electrotrophic enrichment with nitrate as electron acceptor. The biofilm density, community composition, production of organic compounds, and electrical consumption were monitored by FISH confocal microscopy, qPCR, metabarcoding, NMR, and potentiostat measurements. A statistical analysis by PCA showed the correlation between the different parameters (qPCR, organic compounds, and electron acceptors) in three distinct temporal phases. In our conditions, the Archaeoglobales have been shown to play a key role in the development of the community as the first colonizers on the cathode and the first producers of organic compounds, which are then used as an organic source by heterotrophs. Finally, through subcultures of the community, we showed the development of a greater biodiversity over time. This observed phenomenon could explain the biodiversity development in hydrothermal contexts, where energy sources are transient and unstable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document