Production by Bacillis subtilis of brown sporulation-associated pigments

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry A. Barnett ◽  
David Valenzuela ◽  
Steven Riner ◽  
James H. Hageman
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Pigment Formation ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis 168 ◽  
Bacillis Subtilis ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Logarithmic Growth ◽  
Mode Of Production

The mode of production of the brown pigments of Bacillus subtilis 168 L-4, pigments frequently used as phenotypic markers for sporulation in this organism, has been studied. A defined liquid medium which promoted maximal pigment formation was developed. Five brown components, which could be resolved by thin-layer chromatography, were produced in the culture broth. Removal of cells from the medium at the end of logarithmic growth did not alter the type or amount of the pigments formed, indicating that the cells excreted pigment precursors into the medium during growth. Pigment formation from the precursors was found to occur by an oxygen-requiring, base-dependent, Mn2+- requiring, nonenzymatic pathway. Pigment production was also stimulated by the presence of tyrosine and histidine in the medium. The increases in extracellular pH often associated with spore formation in B. subtilis might be the cause of the concomitant appearance of brown pigments.

scholarly journals The use of Bacillus subtilis for screening fusaric acid production by Fusarium spp.

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Šrobárová ◽  
Š. Eged ◽  
J. Teixeira Da Silva ◽  
A. Ritieni ◽  
A. Santini
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Fusaric Acid ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Fusaric acid (FA) is one of the most important secondary metabolites produced by <I>Fusarium oxysporum</I> (Schlecht) (FO), <I>F. solani</I> (Mart.) Appel & Wollenweber, and <I>F. moniliforme</I> Sheldon. It is toxic to humans, many plants, and microorganisms and it enhances the toxicity of fumonisin and trichothecene. A simple and rapid method for fusaric acid (FA) screening in <I>Fusarium</I> isolates was developed. In this study, several strains of <I>Fusarium oxysporum</I> were tested for their ability to produce FA by using a suitable race of <I>Bacillus subtilis</I> as the bioassay. A modified method using small agar blocks with the fungus producing FA was applied in the screening test. FA standard and <I>F. culmorum</I> were used as controls. The experimental <I>F. oxysporum</I> isolates and FA standard produced transparent zones on the plates with <I>Bacillus subtilis</I>. The differences in size of the transparent zones corresponded to the quantity of FA when thin-layer chromatography was used.

Bioautographic Method for Evaluation of Glycopeptide Actaplanin in Milk

1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 938-940
Author(s):  
Georges F Bories ◽  
Maryse M Baradat ◽  
Denis E Corpet
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Glycopeptide Antibiotic ◽  
Resin Column ◽  
Single Spot ◽  
Bioautographic Method ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract A bioautographic method is described that allows the identification and semiquantitation of residues of the glycopeptide antibiotic actaplanin in cow’s milk at 0.01 ppm. The milk sample is precipitated with acetonitrile and the resultant pellet is extracted by a buffer. This extract is defatted, then chromatographed on an Amberlite resin column. Actaplanin is eluted with methanol-HCI. Purified extract is then chromatographed on a cellulose thin layer, developed in a methanol-chloroform- ammonium hydroxide mixture. This thin layer chromatography increased the sensitivity of the determination by concentrating the actaplanin components in a single spot. The antibiotic was then detected by bioautography, using Bacillus subtilis as a test organism. Parameters influencing the diffusion of the antibiotic (namely, the nature and concentration of the agar-agar), and the sensitivity of the test strain (namely, the nutritional value of the medium, and the addition of a synergistic inhibitor) have been optimized.

scholarly journals Fusarin C Production by Fusarium spp. from Spain

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 837-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA J. CANTALEJO ◽  
JOSÉ M. CARRASCO ◽  
E. HERNÁNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Layer Chromatography

From 657 samples of grains and feedstuffs (1991 to 1992 and 1992 to 1993 surveys), collected in two different geographical areas of Spain, 154 isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained. The isolates were screened for their ability to produce fusarin C in a modified 10% ICI N synthetic liquid medium. The production of fusarin C was verified by means of spectrophotometry, thin layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Results showed that more than 57% of tested isolates were able to produce fusarin C at levels of 0.04 to 200 μg/liter of ICI medium. There were no statistically significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) between levels of fusarin C production and the geographical origin of the Fusarium isolates. The Fusarium isolates that produced fusarin C were identified as F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. sporotrichioides, and F. poae. This is the first report of fusarin C production by F. oxysporum.

Direct injection mass spectrometry, thin layer chromatography, and gas chromatography of Bacillus subtilis phospholipids

2016 ◽  
Vol 147 (8) ◽  
pp. 1385-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Matěj Bierhanzl ◽  
Radomír Čabala ◽  
Martin Ston ◽  
Peter Kotora ◽  
Viktória Ferenczy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Direct Injection Mass Spectrometry

Cyclopiazonic Acid Production by Cultures of Aspergillus and Penicillium Species Isolated from Dried Beans, Corn Meal, Macaroni, and Pecans

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary W Trucksess ◽  
Philip B Mislivec ◽  
Kathryn Young ◽  
Verneal R Bruce ◽  
Samuel W Page
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Cyclopiazonic Acid ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Visual Comparison ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Dried Foods

Abstract Ninety-five isolates of Aspergillus and Penicillium species from selected dried foods were examined for their ability to produce cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). The isolates were grown in sterile synthetic liquid medium at 28°C for 8 days in the dark. The medium and mold mycelia were then extracted with chloroform. CPA was semiquantitative^ determined by thin layer chromatography through visual comparison with standards. The cultures of A. flavus were also examined for their ability to produce aflatoxin. One A. tamarii and all 13 P. urticae isolates produced CPA, whereas only 19 of the 31 (61%) A. flavus isolates produced CPA, and 6 (19%) A. flavus produced aflatoxin. All 13 P. urticae isolates also produced patulin and griseofulvin. CPA-producing A. flavus was found in all food types but not in all samples. CPA-producing P. urticae was found only in dried beans and macaroni.

Thin-Layer Chromatography

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Bolliger ◽  
M. Brenner ◽  
H. Gänshirt ◽  
Helmut K. Mangold ◽  
H. Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Layer Chromatography
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