In vitro antifungal activity of eugenol and vanillin against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1235-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuenchit Boonchird ◽  
T. W. Flegel
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Eugenol and vanillin were examined for in vitro antifungal activity against the medically important yeasts, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFC) were determined for each compound against 31 strains of C. albicans and 33 strains of C. neoformans. With eugenol, the mean MIC's for C. albicans and C. neoformans were 625 and 293 μg/mL, respectively, while the mean MFC's were 1209 and 521 μg/mL, respectively. With vanillin, the mean MIC's for C. albicans and C. neoformans were 1250 and 738 μg/mL, respectively, while the mean MFC's were 5000 and 1761 μg/mL, respectively. With C. albicans, inhibition and retardation of growth were similar for yeast and mycelial forms, but germ tube formation was inhibited at concentrations lower than those which inhibited growth. Short-term toxicity tests with mice using the intraperitoneal route gave maximum tolerated doses of 62.5 mg/kg for eugenol and 125 mg/kg for vanillin and excluded their use as therapeutic agents for systemic mycoses.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Plumericin and Isoplumericin

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Singh ◽  
Umakant Sharma ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Yogesh K Gupta ◽  
M. P. Dobhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

This study evaluated the in vitro antifungal activity of the chloroform extract of Plumeria bicolor and its phytoconstituents plumericin and isoplumericin against Candida species and Cryptococcus neoformans by measuring the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). Plumericin's consistently high activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis and Cryptococcus neoformans was more potent than isoplumericin and the standard antifungal drug nystatin suggesting its potential as a drug candidate for candidiasis and cryptococcosis.

In vitro Antifungal Activity of Dihydropyrimidinones/Thiones Against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-655
Author(s):  
Gabriel O. de Azambuja ◽  
Laura Svetaz ◽  
Itamar L. Gonçalves ◽  
Patricia F. Corbelini ◽  
Gilsane L. von Poser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Background: Since the Monastrol discovery in 1999 as the first inhibitor of Eg5, functionalized dihydropyrimidinones/thiones (DHPMs) have emerged as prototypes for drug design in different targets. The present work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of a chemical library of DHPMs. Methods: The compounds were obtained employing Biginelli reaction. Their antifungal activities were assessed against C. neoformans and C. albicans. Results: The compounds 1-i and 1-k inhibited moderately the fungal growth of C. neoformans, with compound 2-k presenting MIC80 values of 62.5-125 µg·mL-1. Considering activity against C. albicans, the compounds 1-i and 1-n present an MIC50 value of 125-250 µg·mL-1. Conclusion: The changes performed in DHPM scaffold appear to be valuable for generating compounds with potential antifungal effect.

FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF GEL BASED POLYHERBAL VAGINAL WASH

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (08) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
P. V. Powar ◽  
◽  
K. Kanade
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Vaginal Wash ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Vaginal Infection is quite common in India, a multi-city study estimated that more than 90% of women between the ages 25 and 35 suffer with vaginal infection and 93% do not follow the best personal hygiene practices. The vaginal yeast infection is caused by Candida albicans. Which is characterized by Itching, irritation in tissues at the vaginal opening (vulva), burning sensation, redness /swelling of the vulva, vaginal pain ,soreness, vaginal rash, watery vaginal discharge . The objective of the present study was to develop poly-herbal vaginal wash for prevention of Candida albicans infection. Aqueous extracts of Azadirachtaindica leaf, Ocimum Sanctum leaf and Sapindus emarginatus were formulated in an aqueous based carbopol-940 (1%w/w) gel system. Prepared poly herbal vaginal wash formulation was evaluated for their physicochemical properties like texture evaluation, pH determination, viscosity and in vitro Antifungal activity were determined along with short term stability studies. The formulated gel based poly-herbal vaginal wash had acceptable physical parameters that showed that they were compatible and in addition to this, these formulations passed the short-term stability studies. The in vitro antifungal activity studies showed that the formulated gel based vaginal wash showed significantly strong activity against C. albicans. Thus, the present study concludes that the formulated herbal vaginal wash is efficient antifungal formulations for the C. albicans vaginal infection.

scholarly journals Orodispersible Film Loaded with Enterococcus faecium CRL183 Presents Anti-Candida albicans Biofilm Activity In Vitro

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Virgínia Barreto Lordello ◽  
Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin ◽  
Sarah Raquel de Annunzio ◽  
Maria Pía Taranto ◽  
Marlus Chorilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Control Film ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Background: Probiotic bacteria have been emerging as a trustworthy choice for the prevention and treatment of Candida spp. infections. This study aimed to develop and characterize an orodispersible film (ODF) for delivering the potentially probiotic Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 into the oral cavity, evaluating its in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Methods and Results: The ODF was composed by carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, and potato starch, and its physical, chemical, and mechanical properties were studied. The probiotic resistance and viability during processing and storage were evaluated as well as its in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans. The ODFs were thin, resistant, and flexible, with neutral pH and microbiologically safe. The probiotic resisted the ODF obtaining process, demonstrating high viability (>9 log10 CFU·g−1), up to 90 days of storage at room temperature. The Probiotic Film promoted 68.9% of reduction in fungal early biofilm and 91.2% in its mature biofilm compared to the group stimulated with the control film. Those results were confirmed through SEM images. Conclusion: The probiotic ODF developed is a promising strategy to prevent oral candidiasis, since it permits the local probiotic delivery, which in turn was able to reduce C. albicans biofilm formation.

scholarly journals The "in vitro" antifungal activity evaluation of propolis G12 ethanol extract on Cryptococcus neoformans

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Amanda Latercia Tranches Dias ◽  
Cíntia Lacerda Ramos ◽  
Masaharu Ikegaki ◽  
Antonio Martins de Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Standard Strain ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Prolonged Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Cryptococcosis is a worldwide disease caused by the etiological agent Cryptococcus neoformans. It affects mainly immunocompromised humans. It is relatively rare in animals only affecting those that have received prolonged antibiotic therapy. The propolis is a resin that can present several biological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. The standard strain C. neoformans ATTC 90112 was used to the antifungal evaluation. The tests were realized with propolis ethanol extract (PEE) G12 in concentrations from 0.1 to 1.6 mg mL-1. The evaluation of MIC and MFC were done according to DUARTE (2002)5. The inhibitory effect of PEE G12 on the fungal growing was seen at the concentration of 0.2 mg mL-1 and 1.6 mg mL-1 was considered a fungicidal one.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Activity of (1)-N-2-Methoxybenzyl-1,10-phenanthrolinium Bromide against Candida albicans and Its Effects on Membrane Integrity

Mycobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setiawati Setiawati ◽  
Titik Nuryastuti ◽  
Ngatidjan Ngatidjan ◽  
Mustofa Mustofa ◽  
Jumina Jumina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Echinops kebericho Mesfin: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tamirat Bekele Beressa ◽  
Serawit Deyno ◽  
Paul E. Alele
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Standard Drug

Background. Echinops kebericho is an endemic medicinal plant in Ethiopia widely used in the treatment of infectious and noninfectious diseases. Essential oils are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the antifungal activity of essential oil from E. kebericho against four common pathogenic fungi and two standard strains. Methods. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. The antifungal screening was done by agar well diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution. Minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were determined by subculturing fungal strains with no visible growth onto a Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plate. Results. Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans were highly sensitive while Aspergillus flavus did not show sensitivity up to 1 mg/ml of essential oil; MICs ranged from 0.083 mg/ml to 0.208 mg/ml. Concentration and fungal species showed significant dose-dependent associations ( p < 0.0001 ) with antifungal activity. The MICs of essential oil were comparable to those of the standard drug (fluconazole) against C. glabrata and C. krusei. The lowest MFC of the essential oil was observed against Candida parapsilosis (0.145 mg/ml) while the highest MFC was against Candida krusei (0.667 mg/ml). Conclusion. Echinops kebericho essential oil showed noteworthy antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata and could be a potential candidate for further antifungal drug development.

In vitro anti-Candida albicans activity of new thiatriazole derivative agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Cecylia Łukaszuk ◽  
Andrzej Niewiadomy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Rpmi Medium ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: We tested the antifungal activity of N,N-phenyl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole-5-yl-2,4-b-resorcyl-carbothioamide (PTR), of n-3-(1,2,4-dithiazole-5-thione)--resorcylcarbothioamide (DTRTA), of N,N-phenyl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazol-5-yl-2,4-b-resorcyl-carbothioamide (PHARA) against Candida albicans strains in vitro. Materials and methods: We synthesized PTR, DTRTA and PHARA at the Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture in Lublin. We tested the selected three samples with the lowest value of MIC - PTR, DTRTA and PHARA. A reference strain of C. albicans ATCC 10231 and 250 strains of C. albicans isolated from the patients was used. The enzymatic activity of the yeast-like fungi was performed by API ZYM test (bioMériux). Results: The mean MIC C. albicans ATCC 10231 on Sabouraud’s Medium was 12.5 mg/L and YNB Medium and RPMI medium - 6.25 mg/L. The mean MIC C. albicans on Sabouraud’s Medium - exposure to PTR - 19.77 mg/L; exposure to DTRTA -21.06 mg/L, exposure to PHARA - 21.54 mg/L; on YNB Medium - exposure to PTR - 17.79 mg/L; exposure to DTRTA - 16.23 mg/l, exposure to PHARA - 18.92 mg/L and RPMI Medium - exposure to PTR - 12.73 mg/L; exposure to DTRTA -10.93 mg/l, exposure to PHARA - 10.65 mg/L. The reference C. albicans strain ATCC 10231 had 5 enzymes inhibited - after exposure to PTR inhibited the enzymatic activity of 13 enzymes, exposure to DTRTA inhibited the enzymatic activity of 10 enzymes and exposure to PHARA inhibited the enzymatic activity of 13 enzymes. The C. albicans isolates had 3 enzymes inhibited - after exposure to PTR - 5 enzymes was inhibited, exposure to DTRTA - 9 enzymes was inhibited and exposure to PHARA - 4 enzymes was inhibited. Conclusion: The synthesized compounds PTR, DTRA and PHARA exert a moderate antifungal activity against the C. albicans strains in vitro.

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