Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate splitting enzyme(s) of sheep and rabbit erythrocytes: their effect on the growth of Haemophilus

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Artman ◽  
G. Frankl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Sheep Erythrocytes ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Gradual Release

Fragility of rabbit erythrocytes in agar plates results in gradual release of their NAD and NADP contents into the medium. Due to high NADase and negligible NADPase activity of rabbit red blood cell stroma at neutral pH, the NAD released into the medium is hydrolyzed and NADP remains intact. Thus, rabbit erythrocytes and their lysates support the growth of NAD(P)-requiring Haemophilus by serving as a source of NADP.Stability of sheep erythrocytes in agar plates results in retention of their NAD and NADP contents and consequently in inhibition of growth of NAD(P)-requiring Haemophilus. The highly active NAD- and NADP-splitting enzyme(s) of sheep red blood cell stroma prevent(s) the growth of Haemophilus on sheep blood lysates through inactivation of both NAD and NADP which are released into the medium.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HOLOCRINE CELLS IN THE EPIDIDYMIS OF THE MOUSE

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 628-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN MARTAN ◽  
JOHN M. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Highly Active

Holocrine secretory cells have been identified in the epithelium of the epididymal canal of the mouse. These cells develop from basal cells. During their differentiation they grow toward the lumen of the epididymal canal and come to form club-shaped structures with an expanded apical portion, a central nucleus and a thin stalk-like connection to the basement membrane. Mature holocrine cells are characterized by their high acid phosphatase and aliesterase activity. They also are highly active for succinic dehydrogenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide diaphorase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase. Nucleoside diphosphatase, thiamine pyrophosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, and alkaline nucleoside phosphatase are also found in these cells. These cells are also characterized by their reactivity with the Aoyama and periodic acid-Schiff reactions. They react moderately with the molybdate and Luxol Fast Blue MBS reactions for choline containing compounds. Mature holocrine cells may disintegrate in situ or may be discharged in toto into the lumen of the epididymal canal. Glycerylphosphorylcholine was identified in extracts prepared from sperm-free epididymides of mice. Glycerylphosphorylcholine reacts with Aoyama and periodic acid-Schiff reactions as do mature holocrine cells. This fact coupled with the identification of choline containing material in holocrine cells suggests that they may be one site for the formation of glycerylphosphorylcholine.

Effect of Niacin on Mitochondria of Allium Cepa Root Cells

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
M. Arif Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Critical Interest

Although it is recognized that niacin (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), incorporated as the amide in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) or in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), is a cofactor in hydrogen transfer in numerous enzyme reactions in all organisms studied, virtually no information is available on the effect of this vitamin on a cell at the submicroscopic level. Since mitochondria act as sites for many hydrogen transfer processes, the possible response of mitochondria to niacin treatment is, therefore, of critical interest.Onion bulbs were placed on vials filled with double distilled water in the dark at 25°C. After two days the bulbs and newly developed root system were transferred to vials containing 0.1% niacin. Root tips were collected at ¼, ½, 1, 2, 4, and 8 hr. intervals after treatment. The tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde-OsO4 as well as in 2% KMnO4 according to standard procedures. In both cases, the tissues were dehydrated in an acetone series and embedded in Reynolds' lead citrate for 3-10 minutes.

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