Bacillus thuringiensis in grain elevator dusts

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. DeLucca II ◽  
Muriel S. Palmgren ◽  
Alex Ciegler
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Grain Elevators ◽  
Settled Dust ◽  
Grain Dust ◽  
Grain Elevator

Grain dust from four large grain elevators along the Mississippi River near New Orleans, Louisiana, were analyzed for the presence of Bacillus thuringiensis, a pathogen of lepidopterous insects. Both settled grain dust and respirable grain dust samples were taken. A total of 20 settled and 53 respirable dust samples were assayed. No insects, alive or dead, insect parts, webbing, or feces were observed. Of the settled dust samples, 55.0% contained Bacillus thuringiensis, while 16.9% of the respirable dust samples were positive for this organism. Two hundred and fifty-five Bacillus colonies were studied, with 30.9% being Bacillus thuringiensis. Serological and biochemical tests showed 94.9% of them to be variety aizawai. Other varieties present were morrisoni, canadensis, indiana, and kurstaki.

Malathion and Diazinon Levels in Grain Dust from New Orleans Area Grain Elevators

AIHAJ ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. PALMGREN ◽  
T.C. LEE
Keyword(s):  
New Orleans ◽  
Grain Elevators ◽  
Grain Dust

Preliminary Study of Mycoflora and Mycotoxins in Grain Dust from New Orleans Area Grain Elevators

AIHAJ ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. PALMGREN ◽  
L.S. LEE ◽  
A.J. DELUCCA ◽  
A. CIEGLER
Keyword(s):  
New Orleans ◽  
Grain Elevators ◽  
Grain Dust ◽  
Preliminary Study

Office Environment Syndrome Study: Part II

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 639-642
Author(s):  
Alan Hedge ◽  
William A. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Respirable Dust ◽  
Diary Study ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Office Environment ◽  
Work Posture ◽  
Computer Mouse ◽  
Settled Dust

A longitudinal self-report diary study of SBS cases and controls identified from buildingwide surveys of 4 office buildings is described. Self-report diaries were distributed to a total of 214 workers in the 4 buildings, and complete returns were obtained for 123 workers (57% return rate). Climate conditions (CO, CO2, formaldehyde, respirable dust mass (PM3.5) and particulate counts (0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 5 μm), settled dust, air temperature, %RH, illuminance) were measured at each workstation. Ergonomic factors (observed work posture, office type, desk paper coverage, desk clutter, computer, mouse, keyboard tray, age of chair, chair arms, and plants, were measured at each workstation. Results showed no differences in prevailing climate conditions measured at case/control workstations. However, case reports of symptoms and environment conditions generally were worse than those for controls, and these reports showed periodicity, peaking late each day. The differences between reports by cases and controls generally remained consistent throughout the duration of the study.

Adequate Lubrication As the First (and Often Only) Line of Defense Against Dust Explosions in Grain Elevators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Ramirez ◽  
Kamal Aljazireh ◽  
James F. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Source ◽  
Dust Explosion ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Grain Elevators ◽  
Equipment Manufacturer ◽  
Dust Explosions ◽  
Grain Elevator

Abstract Finely divided solid materials (e.g., dusts and fines), when dispersed in the air, can fuel particularly violent and destructive explosions. In this paper we will discuss a case study involving a dust explosion in a grain elevator and how a careful bearing greasing policy could have avoided it. We present the most common conditions that lead to bearing overheating which can serve as the ignition source for a dust explosion. Additionally, we stress the need to raise awareness among operators about the wide variety of greases available, and given this wide variety, it is critical for facilities to ensure they use a grease with characteristics as close as possible as these recommended by the equipment manufacturer.

scholarly journals Strong mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis from Mt. Everest

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Upendra Thapa Shrestha ◽  
Gyan Sunder Shahukhal ◽  
Kiran Babu Tiwari ◽  
Subarna Pokhrel ◽  
Anjana Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Mosquito Larva ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Insect Bioassay ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Base Camp ◽  
Microbiological Techniques

Bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from soil samples collected from Khumbu Base Camp of the Everest region and characterized by standard microbiological techniques viz. colonial and morphological characteristics, and biochemical tests. Insect bioassay of each isolate was performed by standard method using mosquito larva. Among ten randomly selected isolates, one isolate showed the highest insecticidal activity against Dipteron insects. Keywords: Insect-bioassay, Isolates, Khumbu region, Mosquitocidal, Mosquito larvadoi:10.3126/on.v5i1.800Our Nature (2007)5:67-69

Disaster and Response in an Experiment Called New Orleans, 1700s–2000s

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Campanella
Keyword(s):  
New Orleans ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
American Continent ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban Risk

As an urbanized river-dominated delta, New Orleans, Louisiana, ranks among the most experimental of cities, a test of whether the needs of a stable human settlement can coexist with the fluidity of a deltaic environment—and what happens when they do not. That natural environment bestowed upon New Orleans numerous advantages, among them abundant fresh water, fertile soils, productive wetlands and, above all, expedient passage between maritime and continental realms. But with those advantages came exposure to potential hazards—an overflowing Mississippi River, a tempestuous Gulf of Mexico, sinking soils, eroding coasts, rising seas, biotic invasion, pestilence, political and racial discord, conflagration—made all the worse by the high levels of social vulnerability borne by all too many members of New Orleans’ population. More so than any other major metropolis on the North American continent, this history of disaster and response is about the future of New Orleans as much as it is about the past. This article examines two dozen disasters of various types and scales, with origins oftentimes traceable to anthropogenic manipulation of the natural environment, and assesses the nature of New Orleans’ responses. It frames these assessments in the “risk triangle” framework offered by David Crichton and other researchers, which views urban risk as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. “Hazard” implies the disastrous event or trauma itself; “exposure” means human proximity to the hazard, usually in the form of settlement patterns, and “vulnerability” indicates individuals’ and communities’ ability to respond resiliently and adaptively—which itself is a function of education, income, age, race, language, social capital, and other factors—after having been exposed to a hazard.

Characterization ofBacillus thuringiensismutants and natural isolates by molecular methods

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chul Jung ◽  
Sung Uk Kim ◽  
Song Hae Bok ◽  
Ho Yong Park ◽  
Jean-Charles Côté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Natural Isolates ◽  
Grain Dust ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Two Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1 mutants, two Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis HD-500 mutants, and four rice grain dust isolates were characterized using microscopic examination and protein profiles of purified crystals on sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Specific detection of cryI- and cryIV-type genes was performed in a polymerase chain reaction using cryI and cryIV-specific oligonucleotide primers. The cry-type genes under study consisted of cryIA(a), cryI(A)b, cryI(A)c, cryIB, and cryIV. Presence or absence of the cryI- and cryIV-type genes was further confirmed by Southern blotting followed by hybridization with specific cryI and cryIV gene fragments. A genetically modified strain of B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki HD-1, called OZK-13 and obtained following mutagenesis with ozone, was shown to contain cryIA(a), cryIA(b), and cryIA(c) genes. Another kurstaki HD-1 mutant, called NGK-13 and obtained following treatment with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), was shown to have lost the cryIA(b) gene while retaining the cryIA(a) and cryIA(c) genes. NGI-23-1, an oligosporogenous–multicrystalliferous mutant of B. thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) HD-500, obtained following treatment with MNNG contained cryIV-type genes. NGI-22, an oligosporogenous–acrystalliferous mutant of Bti HD-500, contained no cryI- nor cryIV-type genes. The rice grain dust isolate BT-285 contained the cryIA(a) and cryIA(c) genes. Isolate BT-14 contained only the cryIA(c) gene, whereas isolate BT-209 contained cryIA(a), cryIA(b), and cryIB genes. Isolate BT-205 contained no cryI- nor cryIV-type genes. Bacillus thuringiensis mutants and natural isolates shown to contain cryI-type genes were tested for their insecticidal activities in a series of bioassays against Hyphantria cunea Drury (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). All cryI-carrying strains were toxic against the insect larvae. BT-205 was also tested and exhibited no toxicity against the insect larvae.Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis, δ-endotoxin crystal, cry-type genes, polymerase chain reaction.

Hurricane Katrina's Impact on New Orleans Soils Treated with Low Lead Mississippi River Alluvium

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (24) ◽  
pp. 7623-7628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard W. Mielke ◽  
Eric T. Powell ◽  
Christopher R. Gonzales ◽  
Paul W. Mielke
Keyword(s):  
New Orleans ◽  
Mississippi River
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