Seasonal distribution of bdellovibrios at the mouth of the Patuxent River in the Chesapeake Bay

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry N. Williams ◽  
William A. Falkler Jr. ◽  
Donald E. Shay
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Patuxent River

Water samples taken at monthly intervals from three sites in the mouth of the Patuxent River in the Chesapeake Bay were cultured for bdellovibrios lytic to Vibrio parahaemolyticus and for total viable bacterial counts. The number of bdellovibrios recovered decreased from the spring months (April, May, June (AMJ)) until very few were detected during the winter months (January, February, March (JFM)), which also coincided with the lowest water temperatures. During the AMJ season there was a significant increase as compared with the JFM season in the number of bdellovibrios for all sites. The highest number of bdellovibrios was recovered during each season from the shoreline water sample, with one exception. The seasonal variation in the number of bdellovibrios was observed to correlate statistically with the water temperature.

Seasonal distribution of total and pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Chesapeake Bay oysters and waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salina Parveen ◽  
Kumidini A. Hettiarachchi ◽  
John C. Bowers ◽  
Jessica L. Jones ◽  
Mark L. Tamplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in the occurrence of Vibriovulnificusalong the Dutch coast

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Veenstra ◽  
P. J. G. M. Rietra ◽  
J. M. Coster ◽  
E. Slaats ◽  
S. Dirks-Go
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Dutch Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

SUMMARYThe seasonal variation in the occurrence ofV. vulnificusin relation to water temperature and salinity was studied along the Dutch coast. In two consecutive yearsV. vulnificusstrains could be isolated in August when the water temperature was highest. The indole-positive strains isolated from North Sea water samples were identical to most strains isolated from human disease and from the environment. However, strains isolated from four of five patients living in countries around the North Sea were different from the North Sea isolates in that they were indole-negative and have a lower NaCl tolerance.

scholarly journals Impact of Seasonal Variation on Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Hussain Shar ◽  
Yasmeen Faiz Kazi ◽  
Irshad Hussain Soomro
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Bacteriological Quality ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

To assess the bacteriological quality 768 drinking water samples were collected from different locations in Khairpur City, Sindh, Pakistan over a period of two years from January 2006 to December 2007. The study reveals that out of 768 drinking water samples 567 (73.83%) samples were found to be contaminated with total coliform among them 85 (11.06%) found in the January-March period, 182 (23.70%) in April-June period, 188 (24.47%) in July-September, 112 (14.58%) in October-December period. Faecal coliform was found in 351 (45.70%) water sample, in which 49 (15.80%) occurred during January-March, 137 (17.83%) during April-June, 136 (17.71%) during July-September and 69 (8.98%) during September-December. It can be concluded from the results of the present study that bacteriological quality of two-third drinking water in Khairpur City is not safe as the water is the potential source of diarrhoeal disease agents. Keywords: Drinking water; Khairpur City; Faecal pollution; DiarrhoeaDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v25i1.4862 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 25, Number 1, June 2008, pp 69-72

scholarly journals Environmental Determinants of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Chesapeake Bay

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. K. Davis ◽  
John M. Jacobs ◽  
Meghan F. Davis ◽  
Kellogg J. Schwab ◽  
Angelo DePaola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Data Set

ABSTRACT Vibrio parahaemolyticus naturally occurs in brackish and marine waters and is one of the leading causes of seafood-borne illness. Previous work studying the ecology of V. parahaemolyticus has often been limited in geographic extent and lacked a full range of environmental measures. This study used a unique large data set of surface water samples in the Chesapeake Bay (n = 1,385) collected from 148 monitoring stations from 2007 to 2010. Water was analyzed for more than 20 environmental parameters, with additional meteorological and surrounding land use data. The V. parahaemolyticus-specific genetic markers thermolabile hemolysin (tlh), thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), and tdh-related hemolysin (trh) were assayed using quantitative PCR (qPCR), and interval-censored regression models with nonlinear effects were estimated to account for limits of detection and quantitation. tlh was detected in 19.6% of water samples; tdh or trh markers were not detected. The results confirmed previously reported positive associations for V. parahaemolyticus abundance with temperature and turbidity and negative associations with high salinity (>10 to 23‰). Furthermore, the salinity relationship was determined to be a function of both low temperature and turbidity, with an increase of either nullifying the high salinity effect. Associations with dissolved oxygen and phosphate also appeared stronger when samples were taken near human developments. A renewed focus on the V. parahaemolyticus ecological paradigm is warranted to protect public health. IMPORTANCE Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the leading causes of seafood-borne illness in the United States and across the globe. Exposure is often through consuming raw or undercooked shellfish. Given the natural presence of the bacterium in the marine environment, an improved understanding of its environmental determinants is necessary for future preventative measures. This analysis of environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of only a few that utilize a large data set measured over a wide geographic and temporal range. The analysis also includes a large number of environmental parameters for Vibrio modeling, many of which have previously only been tested sporadically, and some of which have not been considered before. The results of the analysis revealed previously unknown relationships between salinity, turbidity, and temperature that provide significant insight into the abundance and persistence of V. parahaemolyticus bacterium in the environment. This information will be essential for developing environmental forecast models for the bacterium.

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping data

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Šlachta ◽  
Jan Frelich ◽  
Tomáš Tonka
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Nested Anova ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Dung Decomposition

Function of coprophagous beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae, Hydrophilidae) in cattle pastures inferred from pitfall trapping dataAn analysis of data on the dry weight biomass of coprophagous beetles in standardized dung (4.5 l) was conducted in order to characterize the spatial and the seasonal distribution of the beetles' biomass in cattle pastures and to elucidate their function in dung decomposition. Nested Anova with factors of farm, site (nested in farm), seasonal period and year was used to evaluate the effect of these factors on the biomass of four functional species groups: the dung dwellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyAphodiinae), the dung dwellers ofHydrophilidae, the small tunnellers ofScarabaeidae(subfamilyCoprinae) and the large tunnellers ofGeotrupidae. The spatial variation of biomass (between the sites and the farms) was insignificant (P>0.05) in the two dung-dweller groups and in the large-tunnellers group. On the other hand, a significant (P<0.05) seasonal variation of biomass was found in all but the large tunneller group. In dung dwellers, the spring biomass was formed mainly by two species,Aphodius prodromusandA. sphacelatus. In summer, most of the biomass was accounted for bySphaeridium lunatum, S. scarabaeoidesandA. rufipes. In the two tunneller groups,Onthophagus fracticornis, Geotrupes stercorariusandG. spinigerformed a majority of the biomass in dung.

Occurrences of Giardia cysts in beach water

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. W. Ho ◽  
T.-Y Tam
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Infectious Dose ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beach Water ◽  
Giardia Cysts

A total of 64 beach water samples with various bacteriological quality (Grades 1 to 4) were analysed for their bacteriological and parasitological contents (E coli and Giardia cysts respectively). Results indicated that Giardia cysts were detected in less than 10% of the Grade 1 beach water samples with E coli concentrations of &lt;24/100mL. For Grades 2, 3 & 4 beach water samples, Giardia cysts were found, respectively, in 85, 50 and 64% of the samples. Except for one beach water sample which had an unusually high concentration of Giardia cysts (23 cysts/L), they were generally present at moderate concentrations (&lt;10 cysts/L) in all other beach water samples. Despite moderate levels of Giardia cysts present in beach water of different grades, the potential health risk faced by swimmers bathing in local beach water needs to be carefully assessed as Giardia is known to have a low infectious dose.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemistry and surface water quality assessment of IB valley coalfield area, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Sahoo ◽  
Himanshu Bhushan Sahu ◽  
Dhruti Sundar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Cadmium Selenium ◽  
High Degree

AbstractCoal mining and ancillary activities have the potential to cause water pollution characterized by acid mine drainage, acid mine leachates, extreme pH conditions and heavy metal contaminations. In the present work, 33 water samples in premonsoon and 34 water samples in monsoon were collected from the surface water bodies of Ib Valley coalfield, India for hydrogeochemical analysis. In premonsoon, pH, TSS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, Magnesium, Cadmium, Selenium, Nickel, Aluminum and in monsoon, pH, TSS, Turbidity, DO, BOD, COD, Iron, Cadmium, Selenium, Nickel and Aluminum were nonconforming to the permissible limit set by the Bureau of Indian Standards, World Health Organisation and Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. The average BOD/COD ratio of less than 0.6 in both seasons indicated Ib valley coalfield water was not fairly biodegradable. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that significant seasonal variation (p < 0.05) was observed in the hydro-chemical parameters viz. TSS, turbidity, redox potential, acidity, total hardness, bicarbonate alkalinity, chloride, sulfate, nitrate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, cadmium, chromium and magnesium during the entire sampling period. Whereas, no significant seasonal variation (p > 0.05) was observed in pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, residual chlorine, COD, oil and grease, fluoride, potassium, zinc, copper, selenium, nickel, aluminum, boron, silica, temperature, salinity, cyanide and phenol. Water Quality Index revealed that 39.39% and 35.29% samples belong to poor water quality category in premonsoon and monsoon, respectively. As per Heavy Metal Pollution Index, Degree of Contamination (Cd) and Heavy metal evaluation index, medium degree of pollution were exhibited by 51.52%, 30.30% and 45.45% samples in premonsoon and 20.59%, 35.29% and 26.47% samples in monsoon. Whereas, 5.88%, 2.94% and 5.88% samples were having high degree of pollution in monsoon and 15.15% samples caused high degree of pollution with respect to Cd in premonsoon. However, EC, Na%, PI, SAR and RSC values suggested that the water can be used for irrigation. Water type of the region had been found to be Ca–Mg–Cl–SO4 by Piper diagram.

scholarly journals Occurrence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. and adenoviruses in Finnish bathing waters and purified sewage effluents

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Hokajärvi ◽  
Tarja Pitkänen ◽  
Henri M. P. Siljanen ◽  
Ulla-Maija Nakari ◽  
Eila Torvinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Bathing Water ◽  
Sewage Effluents ◽  
Bathing Waters ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

A total of 50 Finnish bathing water samples and 34 sewage effluent samples originating from 17 locations were studied in the summers of 2006 and 2007. Campylobacter were present in 58% and adenoviruses in 12% of all bathing water samples; 53% of all sewage effluent samples were positive for Campylobacter spp. and 59% for adenoviruses. C. jejuni was the most common Campylobacter species found and human adenovirus serotype 41 was the most common identified adenovirus type. Bathing water temperature displayed a significant negative relationship with the occurrence of Campylobacter. One location had identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of C. coli isolates in the bathing water and in sewage effluent, suggesting that sewage effluent was the source of C. coli at this bathing site. The counts of faecal indicator bacteria were not able to predict the presence of Campylobacter spp. or adenoviruses in the bathing waters. Thus the observed common presence of these pathogens in Finnish sewage effluents and bathing waters may represent a public health risk. The low water temperature in Finland may enhance the prevalence of Campylobacter in bathing waters. More attention needs to be paid to minimizing the concentrations of intestinal pathogens in bathing waters.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical attributes of water of Hakaluki Haor, Sylhet, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Md Tajul Islam ◽  
M Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
Hassan Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Water quality assessment has been carried out in the Hakaluki Haor of greater Sylhet district during May, 2013 to February, 2014. Water samples were collected from 5 spots during 4 seasons and a total of 15 physico-chemical parameters were studied. Significant seasonal variation was observed in all seasons among physico-chemical parameters. pH values varied from 5.9 - 7.1, water temperature varied from 23.7 – 26.7OC, transference varied from 23-53 cm, TSS varied from 18.1-192 mg/l, TDS varied 25-193.5 mg/l, EC varied from 30-680 ?s/cm , DO content of water varied from 4.6 - 5.6mg/l, BOD varied from 0.2-2.614 mg/l, COD varied from 38-312 mg/l, NO3-N varied from 0.1-30.4 mg/l, NH3 varied from 0.9-2.18 mg/l, alkalinity varied from 12-42 mg/l and PO4 varied from 0.9 -13.4 (mg/l). Agricultural and inorganic pollutants have been observed as the main causes of the Haor water pollution.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 67-72, 2014 (December)

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