Antibodies to snowshoe hare virus of the California group in the snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) and domestic animal populations of Prince Edward Island

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1224-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. McFarlane ◽  
J. E. Embree ◽  
J. A. Embil ◽  
H. Artsob ◽  
J. B. Weste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Lepus Americanus ◽  
Virus Neutralization ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

This study, the first of arbovirus activity in Prince Edward Island, has shown antibodies to the snowshoe hare strain of the California encephalitis group virus to be present in sera of wild and domestic animals; 15.35% of snowshoe hare, 20% of equine, and 2.5% of bovine sera were positive for hemagglutination inhibition antibody, confirmed by virus neutralization procedures.

Antibodies to the California group of arboviruses in animal populations of New Brunswick

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. McFarlane ◽  
J. E. Embree ◽  
J. A. Embil ◽  
K. R. Rozee ◽  
H. Artsob
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Horse Blood

Wild and domestic animals of New Brunswick were tested serologically for antibodies to the California group (CAL) of arboviruses. Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) blood collected during 1976 showed 6 of 129 (4.7%) sera with neutralizing antibodies to the snowshoe hare strain (SSH) of CAL. Neutralization tests on moose (Alces alces americana Clinton) sera collected during 1979 indicated 94 of 127 (74%) with antibodies to SSH, 4 of 127 (3.2%) with antibodies to the Jamestown Canyon strain (JC) of CAL, and 17 of 127 (13.4%) with equal antibody titers to SSH and JC. Hemagglutination inhibition tests on horse blood collected during 1977 showed 54 of 204 (26.5 %) with antibodies to SSH; of these, 36 also had neutralizing antibodies to SSH. This study is the first indication of CAL activity in New Brunswick and supports evidence of JC activity in northeastern North America.

scholarly journals Challenges and Opportunities Developing Mathematical Models of Shared Pathogens of Domestic and Wild Animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Huyvaert ◽  
Robin Russell ◽  
Kelly Patyk ◽  
Meggan Craft ◽  
Paul Cross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Transmission Pathways ◽  
And Control

Diseases that affect both wild and domestic animals can be particularly difficult to prevent, predict, mitigate, and control. Such multi-host diseases can have devastating economic impacts on domestic animal producers and can present significant challenges to wildlife populations, particularly for populations of conservation concern. Few mathematical models exist that capture the complexities of these multi-host pathogens, yet the development of such models would allow us to estimate and compare the potential effectiveness of management actions for mitigating or suppressing disease in wildlife and/or livestock host populations. We conducted a workshop in March 2014 to identify the challenges associated with developing models of pathogen transmission across the wildlife-livestock interface. The development of mathematical models of pathogen transmission at this interface is hampered by the difficulties associated with describing the host-pathogen systems, including: (1) the identity of wildlife hosts, their distributions, and movement patterns; (2) the pathogen transmission pathways between wildlife and domestic animals; (3) the effects of the disease and concomitant mitigation efforts on wild and domestic animal populations; and (4) barriers to communication between sectors. To promote the development of mathematical models of transmission at this interface, we recommend further integration of modern quantitative techniques and improvement of communication among wildlife biologists, mathematical modelers, veterinary medicine professionals, producers, and other stakeholders concerned with the consequences of pathogen transmission at this important, yet poorly understood, interface.

Antibodies to snowshoe hare virus of the California group in the horse population in Nova Scotia

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. McFarlane ◽  
J. E. Embree ◽  
J. A. Embil ◽  
K. R. Rozee ◽  
J. B. Weste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North American ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Horse Population

A large number of North American equine samples were tested for the California group of arboviruses (CAL). Of 861 equine sera tested by hemagglutination inhibition using the snowshoe hare virus as an antigen, 106 (12.3%) were positive. Neutralization tests confirmed antibodies to this virus in 72 of the positive sera. This study provides evidence of CAL activity in the domestic animal population of Nova Scotia.

scholarly journals Drivers of disease emergence and spread: Is wildlife to blame?

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kock
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Disease Emergence ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Wildlife Reservoirs ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Changing Demographics

The global focus on wildlife as a major contributor to emerging pathogens and infectious diseases (EIDs) in humans and domestic animals is not based on field, experimental or dedicated research, but mostly on limited surveys of literature, opinion and the assumption that biodiversity harbours pathogens. The perceived and direct impacts of wildlife, from being a reservoir of certain human and livestock pathogens and as a risk to health, are frequently overstated when compared to the Global burden of disease statistics available from WHO, OIE and FAO. However organisms that evolve in wildlife species can and do spill-over into human landscapes and humans and domestic animal population and, where these organisms adapt to surviving and spreading amongst livestock and humans, these emerging infections can have significant consequences. Drivers for the spill-over of pathogens or evolution of organisms from wildlife reservoirs to become pathogens of humans and domestic animals are varied but almost without exception poorly researched. The changing demographics, spatial distribution and movements, associated landscape modifications (especially agricultural) and behavioural changes involving human and domestic animal populations are probably the core drivers of the apparent increasing trend in emergence of new pathogens and infectious diseases over recent decades.

Antibodies to Francisella tularensis in the snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus struthopus) populations of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island and in the moose (Alces alces americana Clinton) population of Nova Scotia

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Akerman ◽  
J. A. Embil
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Lepus Americanus ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
First Report ◽  
Snowshoe Hares

A serological survey showed antibodies to Francisella tularensis present in 1.55% of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus struthopus) and 1.06% of moose (Alces alces americana Clinton) sampled in Nova Scotia. No antibody-positive hares were found in Prince Edward Island, however. We believe this to be the first report of antibodies to F. tularensis in the moose.

scholarly journals Influenza Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibody Titer as a Correlate of Vaccine-Induced Protection

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (12) ◽  
pp. 1879-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Ohmit ◽  
Joshua G. Petrie ◽  
Rachel T. Cross ◽  
Emileigh Johnson ◽  
Arnold S. Monto
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

scholarly journals Northern Goshawk, Accipiter gentilis, Exploits a Beagle Hound, Canis familiaris, as a "Beater" to Catch a Snowshoe Hare, Lepus americanus

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
John T. Neville
Keyword(s):  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
First Record ◽  
Lepus Americanus ◽  
Accipiter Gentilis ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Northern Goshawk

During a winter Snowshoe Hare (Lepus americanus) hunt with a beagle hound (Canis familiaris), I observed an adult Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) exploiting the running, barking hound as a “beater” and use strategic locations for attacks. The hawk made three attacks on a hare being pursued by the hound, and subsequently caught and killed it. To my knowledge, this report represents the first record of a Northern Goshawk using this behavior to capture prey.

scholarly journals A Tutela do Animal Doméstico no Âmbito das Constituições Federais Brasileiras de 1824 a 1988

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Nilsen Aparecida Vieira Marcondes
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
Exotic Animals ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way

Objetiva-se discutir neste breve intróito retrospectivo de revisão de normatizações constitucionais pátrias a tutela do animal doméstico. Esta síntese reflexiva sobre a tutela do animal doméstico brasileiro no âmbito constitucional se apresenta quanto à forma de abordagem do assunto, como qualitativo, no que tange a modalidade investigativa como básico, do ponto de vista de seus objetivos, como descritivo, com relação aos procedimentos técnicos, qualifica-se como documental e bibliográfico. Conclui-se que os delineamentos, os limites, bem como os avanços na conquista da tutela animal e consequentemente do animal doméstico demonstram o quanto o reconhecimento de tal questão é socialmente construído. Além disso, a expansão, a solidificação e o desenvolvimento contínuo também da vida humana e da sociedade implicam necessariamente na preservação e na ampliação de acesso um direito fundamental nominalmente reconhecido pela Constituição Federal de 1988 como direito ao ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado no qual se insere evidentemente a fauna, ou seja, os animais domésticos, domesticados, silvestres e exóticos. Palavras-chave: Animal Doméstico. Tutela. Constituições Federais. Brasil.  AbstractThe objective of this brief retrospective introjective review of constitutional norms is to discuss the protection of domestic animals. This reflexive synthesis about the protection of the Brazilian domestic animal in the constitutional scope presents itself as to the way of approaching the subject, as qualitative, in what refers to the research modality as basic, from the point of view of its objectives, as descriptive, with respect to the procedures technicians, qualifies as documentary and bibliographical. It is concluded that the delineations, the limits, as well as the advances in the conquest of the animal guardianship and consequently of the domestic animal demonstrate how much the recognition of such question is socially constructed. In addition, the expansion, solidification and continuous development of human life and society necessarily imply the preservation and expansion of access to a fundamental right nominally recognized by the Federal Constitution of 1988 as a right to an environmentally balanced environment in which the animal, domesticated, wild and exotic animals. Keywords: Domestic Animals. Guardianship. Federal Constitutions. Brasil.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document