Psychrophiles, psychrotrophs, and mesophiles in an environment which experiences seasonal temperature fluctuations

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1184-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Ferroni ◽  
J. S. Kaminski
Keyword(s):  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Sampling Occasion ◽  
Yearly Cycle ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Temperature Ranges

The quantification of psychrophilic/psychrotrophic and mesophilic, heterotrophic bacteria from a lake which experiences seasonal temperature fluctuations showed that the psychrophilic/psychrotrophic population ranged in number from 1212 to 87 000/mL, whereas the mesophilic population ranged from 67to3783/mL, for sediment–water interface samples over the yearly cycle. The relative abundance of psychrophiles/psychrotrophs and mesophiles varied with season, but psychrophilic/psychrotrophic bacteria were found to predominate on every sampling occasion. A considerable number of the 37 °C isolates were found to be psychrotrophs having broad temperature ranges for growth. An especially notable result was the isolation of psychrophiles on every sampling occasion, and in such high numbers, from this "nonpermanently cold" environment.A total of 388 isolates were described according to Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, biochemical activities, and thermal type, and on the basis of similarities they were grouped into 158 "working types." Many of the "working types" were capable of gelatinase, amylase, chitinase, and lipase production.A comparison of the generation times of the psychrophilic/psychrotrophic and mesophilic "working types" with their frequencies of occurrence, for all four samplings, did not reveal a direct relationship between numerical predominance and growth rate as determined by temperature.

Differential responses of non-human primates to seasonal temperature fluctuations

Primates ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-464
Author(s):  
John Chih Mun Sha ◽  
Heying Du ◽  
Junwei Deng ◽  
Zujin Chen ◽  
Qirui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Differential Responses

scholarly journals Quantifying sea surface temperature ranges of the Arabian Sea for the past 20 000 years

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1337-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Ganssen ◽  
F. J. C. Peeters ◽  
B. Metcalfe ◽  
P. Anand ◽  
S. J. A. Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temperature Ranges

Abstract. The oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera tests is one of the widest used geochemical tools to reconstruct past changes of physical parameters of the upper ocean. It is common practice to analyze multiple individuals from a mono-specific population and assume that the outcome reflects a mean value of the environmental conditions during calcification of the analyzed individuals. Here we present the oxygen isotope composition of individual specimens of the surface-dwelling species Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerina bulloides from sediment cores in the Western Arabian Sea off Somalia, inferred as indicators of past seasonal ranges in temperature. Combining the δ18O measurements of individual specimens to obtain temperature ranges with Mg/Ca based mean calcification temperatures allows us to reconstruct temperature extrema. Our results indicate that over the past 20 kyr the seasonal temperature range has fluctuated from its present value of 16 °C to mean values of 13 °C and 11 °C for the Holocene and LGM, respectively. The data for the LGM suggest that the maximum temperature was lower, whilst minimum temperature remained approximately constant. The rather minor variability in lowest summer temperatures during the LGM suggests roughly constant summer monsoon intensity, while upwelling-induced productivity was lowered.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic response in Acropora muricata under acute temperature stress follows preconditioned seasonal temperature fluctuations

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonny T. M. Lee ◽  
Shashank Keshavmurthy ◽  
Silvia Fontana ◽  
Mezaki Takuma ◽  
Wen-Hua Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Transcriptomic Response

scholarly journals Temperature monitoring of surface layers of the earth in Perm

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 04004
Author(s):  
Andrey Ponomaryov ◽  
Aleksandr Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Temperature Monitoring ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of monitoring the temperature of the surface layers of the earth. Monitoring was carried out at two sites with engineering-geological conditions typical for Perm. The geological conditions of the first site are clay soils, the second site is sandy. The first site is located in a dense urban development, the second in an unfinished part of the city of Perm. The depth of the soil massif on which the temperature was monitored was: for the first site - 19 m, for the second site - 37 m. Based on monitoring results, a picture of the temperature change in the soil massif in time for both sites was obtained. In the article, the average monthly temperatures of the soil massif are plotted on both sites. The zone of fluctuations in the temperature of the soil massif is revealed depending on the temperature of the outside air. The depth of the zone of seasonal temperature fluctuations was 10m. Monitoring determined that the temperature of the ground mass is below 10m: for the first site + 12 ° C with a decrease in temperature to 10°C to a depth of 19m, for the second site - a constant + 6-7°C to a depth of 37m.

Effects of diurnal temperature range and seasonal temperature pattern on the agronomic traits of fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yang ◽  
Fei-hu Liu ◽  
Gordon Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Diurnal Temperature Range ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Fibre Flax ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Temperature Ranges

Yang, F., Liu, F.-h. and Rowland, G. 2013. Effects of diurnal temperature range and seasonal temperature pattern on the agronomic traits of fibre flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1249–1255. Three cultivars of fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), Viking, Argos and Ariane, were used to study the effect on various agronomic traits of diurnal temperature ranges (DIF) and seasonal temperature patterns (STP) applied throughout the crop growth period. Diurnal temperature ranges were set at 5, 10 and 15°C with the same daily mean temperature and accumulated growing degree days (GDDa), under a parabolic STP. Seasonal temperature patterns were set following parabolic, anti-parabolic and quasi-horizontal configurations with DIF set at 10°C. The results showed that DIF or cultivar had a significant influence on the biomass, plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), length of technical stem (LTS), weight of technical stem (WTS), fibre weight (FW), fibre content (FC) and seed weight per pot (SWp). Seasonal temperature pattern also had a significant influence on these traits except for WTS and FW. Significant interactions were observed between DIF and cultivar, affecting all traits with the exception of FW, and between STP and cultivar, affecting biomass, PH, SD and WTS. Diurnal temperature range set at 10°C was optimal for biomass, PH, SD, LTS, WTS, and FW, while DIF set at 5°C benefited FC and SWp. Among the different STP configurations, anti-parabolic pattern was optimal for biomass, PH, SD, LTS and FC, and the quasi-horizontal pattern best fit SWp. In conclusion, the combination of DIF set at 10°C and anti-parabollic STP provided the most favorable temperature conditions for fibre flax growth, which is the situation with winter flax production in Yunnan, China.

Response of Bushy-Tailed Woodrats (Neotoma cinerea) to Late Quaternary Climatic Change in the Colorado Plateau

1998 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felisa A. Smith ◽  
Julio L. Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Colorado Plateau ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Generation Times ◽  
Neotoma Cinerea ◽  
Mammalian Herbivore

Temperature profoundly influences the physiology and life history characteristics of organisms, particularly in terms of body size. Because so many critical parameters scale with body mass, long-term temperature fluctuations can have dramatic impacts. We examined the response of a small mammalian herbivore, the bushy-tailed woodrat ( Neotoma cinerea), to temperature change from 20,000 yr B.P. to present, at five sites within the Colorado Plateau. Our investigations focused on the relationship between temperature, plant composition and abundance, and woodrat size. Body size was estimated by measuring fossil fecal pellets, a technique validated in earlier work. We found significant and highly covariable patterns in body mass over the five locations, suggesting that responses to temperature fluctuations during the late Quaternary have been very similar. Although woodrat mass and the occurrence of several plant species in the fossil record weresignificantly correlated, in virtually all instances changes in woodrat size preceded changes in vegetational composition. These results may be due to the greater sensitivity of woodrats to temperature, or to the shorter generation times of woodrats as compared to most plants. An alternative hypothesis is that winter temperatures increased before summer ones. Woodrats are highly sensitive to warmer winters, whereas little response would be expected from forest/woodland plants growing at their lower limits. Our work suggests that woodrat size is a precise paleothermometer, yielding information about temperature variation over relatively short-term temporal and regional scales.

scholarly journals Bacterioneuston in Lake Baikal: Abundance, Spatial and Temporal Distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnia Galachyants ◽  
Irina Tomberg ◽  
Elena Sukhanova ◽  
Yulia Shtykova ◽  
Maria Suslova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Total Bacterial Abundance

An aquatic surface microlayer covers more than 70% of the world’s surface. Our knowledge about the biology of the surface microlayer of Lake Baikal, the most ancient lake on Earth with a surface area of 31,500 km2, is still scarce. The total bacterial abundance, the number of cultured heterotrophic temporal bacteria, and the spatial distribution of bacteria in the surface microlayer and underlying waters of Lake Baikal were studied. For the first time, the chemical composition of the surface microlayer of Lake Baikal was determined. There were significant differences and a direct relationship between the total bacterial abundance in the surface microlayer and underlying waters of Lake Baikal, as well as between the number of cultured heterotrophic bacteria in studied water layers in the period of summer stratification. In the surface microlayer, the share of cultured heterotrophic bacteria was higher than in the underlying waters. The surface microlayer was characterized by enrichment with PO43−, total organic carbon and suspended particulate matter compared to underlying waters. A direct relationship was found between the number of bacteria in the surface microlayer and environmental factors, including temperature, total organic carbon and suspended particulate matter concentration.

scholarly journals Calculation of temperature waves in kurums

2022 ◽  
Vol 962 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
S Ye Kholodovskii
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Heat Conducting ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Vertical Temperature ◽  
Transfer Processes ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
Temperature Waves ◽  
Heat Conducting Medium

Abstract The article indicates the relevance of the study of heat transfer processes in kurums. Boundary value problems of vertical temperature change in kurums and in the underlying rock base are solved, when the temperature on the surface of kurums changes according to a given periodic law, which simulates daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations. The cases when the rock base is a heat-conducting medium and permafrost are considered. Some regularities of temperature propagation along the depth are revealed.

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