An agar–gel immunodiffusion test for detection of Brucella antibodies in human serum

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 850-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. McMahon ◽  
E. D. Renner ◽  
G. W. Allmaras ◽  
D. K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Immunodiffusion Test ◽  
Agglutination Titer ◽  
Human Sera

A comparison was made of results obtained with a Brucella agar–gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test and the standard tube-agglutination test on 612 human sera. Agreement between the tests was 97% when the titer was 1:160 or higher. Of 448 sera that showed no agglutination titer, 447 were negative with the AGID test. Results of the AGID test were also compared to those obtained with the 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) agglutination test on 148 sera that demonstrated a standard tube-agglutination titer of 1:20 or higher. All sera with a 2-ME-agglutination titer of 1:40 or higher were positive with the AGID test. Of 123 sera that showed no 2-ME-agglutination titer. 21 were positive with the AGID test. Two of these 21 sera were obtained from patients with bacteriologically proven brucellosis, and eight were from abattoir employees with suspected but not bacteriologically proven brucellosis.

Diseases

1932 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-130
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Agglutination Titer ◽  
Poultry Farmers

Value of Agglutination-Test. - Der Wert der Agglutinations Methode bei der weissen Ruhr. Dr. Sachweh, München. Berliner Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 1931, p. 845.A number of chickens were subjected, every three months, to the agglutination test. During this test it appeared that the agglutination titer varied considerably. All animals, of which a great number reacted positively at the beginning of the test, reacted negatively at the end thereof. This made it possible to comprehend the strongly varying results of the different tests. A group of 400 positive reacting hens gave healthy chicks. The wide advertising of the rapid blood test results in the poultry farmers making their own researches, and owing to the varying results obtained, it forces them to attach no value thereto.

Immunoglobulin Components of "Gamma" Globulin in Human Serum

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia E Trevorrow ◽  
Deborah Merrill ◽  
Henry N Claman
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
M Proteins ◽  
Human Sera

Abstract Total gamma globulin was measured after paper electrophoresis of 40 human sera. Gamma G, γ A, and γ M immunoproteins were measured in these sera by single diffusion in agar gel. The total gamma globulin was found to consist primarily of γ G and γ M proteins, with a small portion of the γ A also included.

Validation of the modified agglutination test for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii in free-range chickens by using cat and mouse bioassay

Parasitology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. DUBEY ◽  
E. LAURIN ◽  
O. C. H. KWOWK
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
High Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Study Support

SUMMARYThe modified agglutination test (MAT) is one of the most commonly used tests for the detection of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in animal and human sera. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the MAT and bioassay in free-range/backyard (FR) chickens (Gallus domesticus). Previously-published T. gondii test results from 2066 chickens from 19 countries were compiled for the present study. The frequency of isolation of T. gondii increased for MAT titres between 1:5 and 1:160, and ranged from 61 to 75% for antibody titres of 1:160, 1:320, and ⩾1:640. Twenty-three cats fed pooled hearts from a total of 802 FR seronegative (MAT, <1:5) chickens from several countries did not excrete oocysts, indicating a high negative predictive value of MAT because FR chickens would have been exposed to many microbes; cats are the most sensitive indicators of T. gondii infection in tissues and can excrete millions of oocysts after ingesting even a few bradyzoites. Of the 29 cats in this study, six cats, fed hearts pooled from 15–122 FR chickens, excreted oocysts; but these identifications were likely related to misidentification or prozone. Results of the present study support the validity of MAT for the detection of T. gondii infection in chickens.

STUDIES ON SULFATION FACTOR (SF) ACTIVITY OF HUMAN SERUM

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (III) ◽  
pp. 381-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Almqvist
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Normal Humans ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Dose Levels

ABSTRACT The sulfation factor (SF) activity of human sera has been estimated using a modification of the method of Daughaday et al. (1959). Each assay was statistically evaluated. The method had a mean precision of 0.14 and, used as an assay of GH of human serum, a sensitivity in three pituitary dwarfs of 0.1 to 0.6 μg of HGH/ml of serum. SF activity was found at all ages between 1 month and 75 years. There was a significantly lower mean SF activity below the age of half a year. Three cases of pituitary dwarfism had significantly low SF activities of sera. There was no significant difference between the SF activities of sera from untreated pituitary dwarfs and the sera from normal children below half a year of age. Dose-response curves with large volumes of sera from pituitary dwarfs and small volumes of sera from normal humans had the same slopes. Four mg of HGH prepared according to the method of Li & Papkoff (1956) resulted in a normal serum SF activity in each of the three dwarfs. A significant (P < 0.01) linear relationship was found between the concentration of SF activity of sera from these subjects and the logarithm of the dose of HGH given with dose levels of 1, 2 and 4 mg daily for three days. The decline of serum SF activity to the pre-treatment level following HGH in one dwarf suggested a half life not different from that indicated by others for growth hormone.

scholarly journals Serosurvey of Rickettsia spp. in dogs and humans from an endemic area for Brazilian spotted fever in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Pinter ◽  
Maurício C. Horta ◽  
Richard C. Pacheco ◽  
Jonas Moraes-Filho ◽  
Marcelo B. Labruna
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Brazilian Spotted Fever

The present study provides a rickettsial serosurvey in 25 dogs and 35 humans in an endemic area for Brazilian spotted fever in the State of São Paulo, where the tick Amblyomma aureolatum is the main vector. Testing canine and human sera by indirect immunofluorescence against four Rickettsia antigens (R. rickettsii, R. parkeri, R. felis and R. bellii) showed that 16 (64%) of canine sera and 1 (2.8%) of human sera reacted to at least one of these rickettsial antigens with titers <FONT FACE=Symbol>³</FONT> 64. Seven canine sera and the single reactive human serum showed titers to R. rickettsii at least four times those of any of the other three antigens. The antibody titers in these 7 animals and 1 human were attributed to stimulation by R. rickettsii infection. No positive canine or human serum was attributed to stimulation by R. parkeri, R. felis, or R. bellii. Our serological results showed that dogs are important sentinels for the presence of R. rickettsii in areas where the tick A. aureolatum is the main vector of Brazilian spotted fever.

scholarly journals The rK39 Antigen from an Iranian Strain of Leishmania infantum: Detection of Anti-Leishmania Antibodies in Humans and Dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Razieh HOSSEINI FARASH ◽  
Mehdi MOHEBALI ◽  
Bahram KAZEMI ◽  
Abdolmajid FATA ◽  
Reza RAOOFIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Recombinant Antigen ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Direct Agglutination Test ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Extended Field

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of leishmaniasis in Iran with high mortality rates in the case of inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to prepare and evaluate a new rk39 recombinant antigen from an Iranian strain of Leishmania infantum for diagnosis of VL in humans and dogs. Methods: rK39-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with the direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of anti L. infantum antibodies. We screened 84 human sera and 87 dog sera from clinical cases in the endemic area of Meshkin-Shahr, Iran along with 176 sera from healthy controls (collected from 86 humans and 90 dogs) during 2013 -2016. Results: Using the rK39 ELISA, a sensitivity of 85.7% (95% CI, 95-99%) and a specificity of 86.0% (95% CI, 95%-99%) were detected in human sera at a 1:800 (cut-off) titer when DAT-confirmed cases were compared with healthy controls; a sensitivity of 96.6% (95% CI, 95%-99%) and specificity of 94.4% (95% CI, 95%-99%) were found at a 1:80 (cut-off) titer compared with DAT. Kappa analysis indicated agreement between the rK39 ELISA and DAT (0.718) when using human sera at a 1:800 (cut-off) titer as well as (0.910) at a 1:80 (cut-off) titer when using dog sera (P<0.05). Conclusion: New rk39 recombinant antigen from an Iranian strain of Leishmania infantum seems to be used for diagnosis of VL in humans and dogs. Further extended field studies are recommended

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