Spore germination, colony development, and secondary metabolism in Penicillium brevicompactum: a radiogas chromatographic and morphological study

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1490-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Doerfler ◽  
C. P. Nulton ◽  
C. D. Bartman ◽  
F. J. Gottlieb ◽  
I. M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Acetate Metabolism ◽  
Shake Culture ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽  
Dormant Spore

A study of the first 76 h of development of spores of Penicillium brevicompactum in batch-mode shake culture indicates that mycophenolic acid biosynthesis begins when the hyphae of germinating spores aggregate to form pellets. Supplies of mycophenolic acid so produced augment a pre-existing pool of the material that is associated with the dormant spore. Although acetate metabolism is active at all stages of development, incorporation of [1-14C]acetate into 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(1′,2′-dioxopropyl)benzoic acid, another secondary metabolite of the fungus, could not be demonstrated. The significance of these data are considered in terms of the function of mycophenolic acid and the substituted benzoic acid in the producing organism.

Submerged upflow biotower operation and computer simulation

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Neufeld ◽  
Christopher A. Badali ◽  
Dennis Powers ◽  
Christopher Carson
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Biological Transformation ◽  
Kinetics Of

A two step operation is proposed for the biodegradation of low concentrations (< 10 mg/L) of BETX substances in an up flow submerged biotower configuration. Step 1 involves growth of a lush biofilm using benzoic acid in a batch mode. Step 2 involves a longer term biological transformation of BETX. Kinetics of biotransformations are modeled using first order assumptions, with rate constants being a function of benzoic acid dosages used in Step 1. A calibrated computer model is developed and presented to predict the degree of transformation and biomass level throughout the tower under a variety of inlet and design operational conditions.

Mycophenolic acid is produced during balanced growth of Penicillium brevicompactum

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter P. Nulton ◽  
Iain M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Dilution Rate ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Balanced Growth ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum

When Penicillium brevicompactum is grown on Czapek Dox medium in the surface or sub merged mode as batch or continuous-flow cultures, mycophenolic acid is produced. Unlike the classical secondary metabolic system, 6-methylsalicylic acid production by P. patulum, mycophenolic acid is formed independently of dilution rate in a flow system. Discounting the possibility that strains of P. brevicompactum that produce mycophenolic acid are mutants defective in the control of secondary metabolite biosynthesis, we conclude that mycophenolic acid production is not regulated as part of a non-vegetative genome. An invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) activity has been encountered in both P. brevicompactum and P. patulum.

scholarly journals Construction of a Codon-Adapted Nourseotricin-Resistance Marker Gene for Efficient Targeted Gene Deletion in the Mycophenolic Acid Producer Penicillium brevicompactum

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Yasaman Mahmoudjanlou ◽  
Birgit Hoff ◽  
Ulrich Kück
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Resistance Marker ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
Targeted Gene Deletion ◽  
Filamentous Ascomycete ◽  
Wild Type Phenotype ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽  
Resistance Markers

Penicillium brevicompactum is a filamentous ascomycete used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant agent. To extend options for genetic engineering of this fungus, we have tested two resistance markers that have not previously been applied to P. brevicompactum. Although a generally available phleomycin resistance marker (ble) was successfully used in DNA-mediated transformation experiments, we were not able to use a commonly applicable nourseothricin resistance cassette (nat1). To circumvent this failure, we constructed a new nat gene, considering the codon bias for P. brevicompactum. We then used this modified nat gene in subsequent transformation experiments for the targeted disruption of two nuclear genes, MAT1-2-1 and flbA. For MAT1-2-1, we obtained deletion strains with a frequency of about 10%. In the case of flbA, the frequency was about 4%, and this disruption strain also showed reduced conidiospore formation. To confirm the deletion, we used ble to reintroduce the wild-type genes. This step restored the wild-type phenotype in the flbA deletion strain, which had a sporulation defect. The successful transformation system described here substantially extends options for genetically manipulating the biotechnologically relevant fungus P. brevicompactum.

scholarly journals A plant thiolase involved in benzoic acid biosynthesis and volatile benzenoid production

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Van Moerkercke ◽  
Ines Schauvinhold ◽  
Eran Pichersky ◽  
Michel A. Haring ◽  
Robert C. Schuurink
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

scholarly journals Production of mycophenolic acid by Penicillium brevicompactum—A comparison of two methods of optimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Patel ◽  
Mahesh D. Patil ◽  
Surbhi Soni ◽  
Taresh P. Khobragade ◽  
Yusuf Chisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum

scholarly journals Involvement of snapdragon benzaldehyde dehydrogenase in benzoic acid biosynthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Long ◽  
Dinesh A. Nagegowda ◽  
Yasuhisa Kaminaga ◽  
Kwok Ki Ho ◽  
Christine M. Kish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Benzaldehyde Dehydrogenase

Evaluation of mycophenolic acid production by Penicillium brevicompactum MUCL 19011 in batch and continuous submerged cultures

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ardestani ◽  
Seyed Safa-ali Fatemi ◽  
Bagher Yakhchali ◽  
Seyed Morteza Hosseyni ◽  
Ghasem Najafpour
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum

scholarly journals Benzoic acid 2-hydroxylase, a soluble oxygenase from tobacco, catalyzes salicylic acid biosynthesis.

1995 ◽  
Vol 92 (22) ◽  
pp. 10413-10417 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leon ◽  
V. Shulaev ◽  
N. Yalpani ◽  
M. A. Lawton ◽  
I. Raskin
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

Mycotoxin Production and Postharvest Storage Rot of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) by Penicillium brevicompactum

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. OVERY ◽  
J. C. FRISVAD
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Mold Growth ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Tissue Extracts ◽  
Penicillium Brevicompactum ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Twenty naturally infected ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizomes displaying visible mold growth were examined to identify the fungi and to evaluate the presence of fungal secondary metabolites. Penicillium brevicompactum was the predominant species isolated from 85% of the samples. Mycophenolic acid was identified from corresponding tissue extracts. Because mycophenolic acid is a potent immunosuppressant and synergistic mycotoxicosis studies involving human consumption have not been carried out on this metabolite, spoilage of commercially marketed produce caused by P. brevicompactum is a concern. This is the first reported occurrence of mycophenolic acid in commercially sold plant food products.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document