Effect of temperature, growth rate, and nutrient limitation on the yield and composition of three bacterial isolates from an arctic soil grown in continuous culture

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1452-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Nutrient Limitation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Carbon Limitation ◽  
Endogenous Respiration ◽  
Substrate Affinity ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cell Composition

Three bacterial isolates from an arctic meadow soil, Pseudomonas M216, Bacillus M153, and Arthrobacter M51, were grown continuously in carbon-and nitrogen-limiting media at 15 and 5 °C at three dilution rates from 0.04 to 0.01 h−1. Measurements of yield, viability, endogenous oxygen-uptake rate, and cell composition indicated that in general, these isolates were well adapted for growth at low rates and low temperature under nutrient limitation. Changes in cell composition with temperature, growth rate, and nutrient limitation followed patterns similar to those observed in organisms studied in other laboratories. Yields were higher at 15 than at 5 °C in Pseudomonas M216 and Arthrobacter M51 and the endogenous respiration rate tended to decrease with decreasing dilution rate. Substrate affinity (Ks) and μmax varied with temperature, and Pseudomonas M216 exhibited the lowest Ks for carbon and nitrogen and highest μmax under the growth conditions studied, except at 15 °C under carbon limitation where Arthrobacter M51 exhibited the lowest Ks. Only Bacillus M153 exhibited a significant loss in viability at low dilution rates and a detectable specific maintenance rate (0.0077 h−1), factors which may contribute to the low isolation frequency of the genus at the meadow site.

Comparison of copper sulphate pentahydrate growth rates determined by different methods

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1691-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Karel ◽  
Jiří Hostomský ◽  
Jaroslav Nývlt ◽  
Axel König
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Data Treatment

Crystal growth rates of copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5 H2O) determined by different authors and methods are compared. The methods included in this comparison are: (i) Measurement on a fixed crystal suspended in a streaming solution, (ii) measurement on a rotating disc, (iii) measurement in a fluidized bed, (iv) measurement in an agitated suspension. The comparison involves critical estimation of the supersaturation used in measurements, of shape factors used for data treatment and a correction for the effect of temperature. Conclusions are drawn for the choice of values to be specified when data of crystal growth rate measurements are published.

High temperature growth rate in MOCVD growth of AlGaAs

1984 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Soga ◽  
Yasuhito Takahashi ◽  
Shiro Sakai ◽  
Masayoshi Umeno
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Mocvd Growth

Temperature-Growth Relations and Genetic Diversity of A2 Mating-Type Isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi in Australia

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Shepherd ◽  
BH Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Field Isolates ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures ◽  
Range Of Values

Determinations of cardinal temperatures for growth on various media of 50 Australian isolates of Phytophthova cinnamomi showed that growth did not occur outside the range 5-35°C. The range of temperatures at which growth optima occurred varied according to the isolate and medium used and encompassed the whole range of values reported by overseas authors. Growth rates of 361 isolates on corn meal agar at 25°C varied within the range 4.7-10.5 mm/day. There was no correlation between optimum temperature and whether isolates were slow- or fastgrowing or their place of origin. Fast-growing isolates (6-11 mm/day) were obtained from all States, but slower-growing isolates (<6 mm/day) were obtained only from southern and western regions of Australia. Populations from different regions of Australia exhibited different growth rate parameters. The variability of mycelial isolates in culture was studied by examining differences in growth rate among replicated parent, single-zoospore, single-zoosporangium and single terminal-hyphal isolates. Extensive variation was found among first generation single-zoospore progenies of field isolates, with lesser variation among progeny of single zoosporangia, terminal hyphal cultures and second and third generation zoospore derivatives. The origin of this variation is discussed and it is suggested that field isolates are heterokaryotic, since zoospores proved to be predominantly uninucleate. When various Phytophthora species were incubated at temperatures above those at which growth was possible and then returned to 25°C, their subsequent ability to resume growth depended on the particular time-temperature combination used. Considerable variation of response was found among a number of isolates of P. cinnamomi and, following the establishment of single zoospore isolates, the potential variability of field isolates was shown to persist through successive generations of zoospore propagation. It is suggested that a cytoplasmic mechanism of inheritance may be responsible for this variation.

Low temperature effects on the growth of evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) rosettes

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
A. F. Fieldsend
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Intermittent Exposure ◽  
Environment Experiment

In field crops of evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) the post-winter growth of rosettes is slow to re-start. The effect of temperature on the growth of rosettes was assessed in a controlled environment experiment. Relative growth rate was positively correlated with temperature, but in apparent contrast to the results from field trials, the rosettes grew at constant temperatures as low as 6.5ºC. However, following transfer to warmer temperatures an increase in relative growth rate did not occur until 7-10 days later, whilst a change to a cooler environment caused an immediate reduction in relative growth rate. Thus, it seems likely that growth is inhibited by intermittent exposure to temperatures of 0°C or below. Partitioning of biomass between root and shoot was independent of temperature, but at 6.5ºC the relative rate of leaf area increase was very low. Consequently, the specific leaf area was lower in rosettes growing at lower temperatures.

scholarly journals NEAR HYDRATION OF SINGLY CHARGED MONOATOMIC IONS IN EXTREMELY DILUTED SOLUTIONS: THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovych Булавин ◽  
Ivan Nikolajevych V’unik ◽  
Andrii Viktorovych Kramarenko ◽  
Alexandr Ivanovych Rusinov
Keyword(s):  
Ion Solvation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Growth ◽  
Translational Displacement ◽  
Na Ions ◽  
Extremely Diluted Solutions ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Singly Charged ◽  
Direction Opposite ◽  
Structure Breaking

The diffusion coefficient  and the distance of translational displacement of Li+, Na+ K+, Cs+, Cl– and Br– ions  in water at 298.15 K – 423.15 K (25 K step) and pressure from 0.0981 to 784.5 MPa (98.1 MPa step) were calculated from the literature data on limiting molar electrical conductivity. The  values for these ions increase with pressure growth from 0.0981  to 98.1 MPa at 298.15 K. Further pressure increase (up to 785 MPa) leads to decrease in . Temperature growth under isobaric conditions leads to an increase in . Parameter (– ri) (deviation from the Stokes–Einstein law, ri is ion structural radius) was used as a criterion for the type of ion solvation. It is shown that Li+ and Na+ ions behave as cosmotropes, or positively solvated structure–forming ions having (– ri) > 0. The Cs+, Cl–, Br– ions behave as chaotropes, or negatively solvated structure–breaking ions having (– ri) < 0. For the K+ ion, the (– ri) deviation is alternating. At 0.0981 MPa and 298.15 K, the K+ ion is a chaotrope. But at 320 K (Tlim) parameter (– ri) = 0. It corresponds to the transition from negative to positive solvation. Above Tlim at P = const, the K+ ion is a cosmotrope. At 298.15 K and up to 98.1 MPa, the pressure causes the same change in the (– ri) deviation as the temperature. On the contrary, at 320 K and higher, the pressure affects the near hydration in the direction opposite to the temperature.

scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature and Humidity May Reduce the Growth Rate of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Qin ◽  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Jiani Shao ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The effects of temperature and humidity on the epidemic growth of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)remains unclear.Methods: Daily scatter plots between the epidemic growth rate (GR) and average temperature (AT) or average relative humidity (ARH) were presented with curve fitting through the “loess” method. The heterogeneity across days and provinces were calculated to assess the necessity of using a longitudinal model. Fixed effect models with polynomial terms were developed to quantify the relationship between variations in the GR and AT or ARH.Results: An increased AT dramatically reduced the GR when the AT was lower than −5°C, the GR was moderately reduced when the AT ranged from −5°C to 15°C, and the GR increased when the AT exceeded 15°C. An increasedARH increased theGR when the ARH was lower than 72% and reduced theGR when the ARH exceeded 72%.Conclusions: High temperatures and low humidity may reduce the GR of the COVID-19 epidemic. The temperature and humidity curves were not linearly associated with the COVID-19 GR.

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