Response of microbial populations in Arctic tundra soils to crude oil

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1327-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Sexstone ◽  
Ronald M. Atlas
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Tundra Soils ◽  
Downward Migration ◽  
Oil Biodegradation

Experimental crude oil spillages of 5 and 12 ℓ/m2 were established on the four major topographically distinguished soils of Arctic coastal polygonized tundra. The response of microbial populations to contaminating oil was found to depend on soil type and depth. Increases in numbers of heterotrophs were initially restricted to the top 2 cm of the soils. Increases in oil-degrading populations were found in oil-treated soils. Increases in microbial populations in subsurface soils paralleled downward migration of the oil. Some of the observed population increases probably resulted from input of plant residues and products from oil biodegradation.

Crude Oil Biodegradation in Arctic Tundra Ponds

ARCTIC ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy E. Bergstein ◽  
J. Robie Vestal
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Tundra Ponds

Sequential enrichment of microbial populations exhibiting enhanced biodegradation of crude oil

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasthuri Venkateswaran ◽  
Shigeaki Harayama
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Enhanced Biodegradation ◽  
Enriched Cultures

The distribution of oil-degrading bacteria in the coastal water and sediments of Hokkaido, Japan, was surveyed. The potential of mixed microbial populations to degrade weathered crude oil was not confined to any ecological components (water or sediment) nor to the sampling stations. One microbial culture that was stable during repeated subculturing degraded 45% of the saturates and 20% of the aromatics present in crude oil in 10 days during the initial screening. The residual hydrocarbons in this culture were extracted by chloroform and dispersed in a fresh seawater-based medium and subsequently inoculated with microorganisms from the first culture. After full growth of the second culture, the residual hydrocarbons were again extracted and dispersed in a fresh medium in which microorganisms from the second culture had been inoculated. This sequential process was carried out six times to enrich those microorganisms that grew on the recalcitrant components of crude oil. After repeated exposure of the residual crude oil to the enriched microorganisms, about 80% of the initially added crude oil was degraded. The cultures obtained after each enrichment cycle were kept, and the degradation of fresh crude oil by the enriched microorganisms was examined. The degradative activity of the enriched cultures increased as the number of enrichment cycles increased. A microbial population that had been selected six times on the residual crude oil could degrade 70% of the saturates and 30% of the aromatics of crude oil. Thus, growth of a microbial population on residual crude oil improved its ability to biodegrade crude oil.Key words: crude oil, biodegradation, sequential enrichment, saturated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon.

scholarly journals Effects of Dispersants and Biosurfactants on Crude-Oil Biodegradation and Bacterial Community Succession

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1200
Author(s):  
Gareth E. Thomas ◽  
Jan L. Brant ◽  
Pablo Campo ◽  
Dave R. Clark ◽  
Frederic Coulon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Response ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Interfacial Surface ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Oil Spill Response

This study evaluated the effects of three commercial dispersants (Finasol OSR 52, Slickgone NS, Superdispersant 25) and three biosurfactants (rhamnolipid, trehalolipid, sophorolipid) in crude-oil seawater microcosms. We analysed the crucial early bacterial response (1 and 3 days). In contrast, most analyses miss this key period and instead focus on later time points after oil and dispersant addition. By focusing on the early stage, we show that dispersants and biosurfactants, which reduce the interfacial surface tension of oil and water, significantly increase the abundance of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, and the rate of hydrocarbon biodegradation, within 24 h. A succession of obligate hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (OHCB), driven by metabolite niche partitioning, is demonstrated. Importantly, this succession has revealed how the OHCB Oleispira, hitherto considered to be a psychrophile, can dominate in the early stages of oil-spill response (1 and 3 days), outcompeting all other OHCB, at the relatively high temperature of 16 °C. Additionally, we demonstrate how some dispersants or biosurfactants can select for specific bacterial genera, especially the biosurfactant rhamnolipid, which appears to provide an advantageous compatibility with Pseudomonas, a genus in which some species synthesize rhamnolipid in the presence of hydrocarbons.

Crude oil biodegradation potential of biosurfactant-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Meyerozyma sp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 126276
Author(s):  
Ramla Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali ◽  
Naeem Ali ◽  
Malik Badshah ◽  
Mazhar Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Biodegradation

Effects of Nutrient Source and Supply on Crude Oil Biodegradation in Continuous-Flow Beach Microcosms

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Wrenn ◽  
Kathryn L. Sarnecki ◽  
Eugene S. Kohar ◽  
Kenneth Lee ◽  
Albert D. Venosa
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Oil Biodegradation

Hydrocarbon contamination of arctic tundra soils of the Bol’shoi Lyakhovskii Island (the Novosibirskie Islands)

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Kachinskii ◽  
Yu. A. Zavgorodnyaya ◽  
A. N. Gennadiev
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Tundra ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Tundra Soils

Effect of non-aqueous phase liquid on biodegradation of PAHs in spilled oil on tidal flat

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kose ◽  
A. Miyagishi ◽  
T. Mukai ◽  
K. Takimoto ◽  
M. Okada
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Decrease Rate ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Spilled Oil

Biodegradation rates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in spilled oil stranded on tidal flats were studied using model reactors to clarify the effects of NAPL on the biodegradation of PAHs in stranded oil on tidal flat with special emphasis on the relationship between dissolution rates of PAHs into water and viscosity of NAPL. Biodegradation of PAHs in NAPL was limited by the dissolution rates of PAHs into water. Biodegradation rate of chrysene was smaller than that for acenaphthene and phenanthrene due to the smaller dissolution rates. Dissolution rates of PAHs in fuel oil C were smaller those in crude oil due to high viscosity of fuel oil C. Therefore, biodegradation rates of PAHs in fuel oil C were smaller than those in crude oil. Biodegradation rates of PAHs in NAPL with slow decrease rate like fuel oil C were slower than those in NAPL with rapid decrease like crude oil. The smaller decrease rate of fuel oil C than crude oil was due to higher viscosity of fuel oil C. Therefore, not only the dissolution rate of PAHs but also the decrease rates of NAPL were important factors for the biodegradation of PAHs.

scholarly journals Impact of formation water geochemistry and crude oil biodegradation on microbial methanogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna L. Shelton ◽  
Jennifer C. McIntosh ◽  
Peter D. Warwick ◽  
John E. McCray
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
Water Geochemistry ◽  
Oil Biodegradation
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