Relation of colonial morphologies in soft agar to morphological and biological properties of the K-9 strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae and its variants

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Takahashi ◽  
Kosaku Yoshida ◽  
C. L. San Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Compact Type ◽  
Rain Drop

During repeated subcultures of strain K-9 of Klebsiella pneumoniae, three variants, A, B, and C, were obtained showing different colonial morphologies in soft agar. The parent strain K-9 produced colonies that were large, smooth, and globular; variant A, wedged balloon forms somewhat elongate; variant B, rain-drop-like with some streaming; and variante, small compact rough globules. These colonial forms in soft agar medium correlated well with the size of capsule determined by cell volume index and light microscopy. Organisms exhibiting large globular colonies did possess extra large capsules while strains producing compact-type colonies in soft agar were lacking capsules. Capsular size of the strains correlated well with mouse virulence, but most biochemical properties, including the amount of endotoxic substance, were the same in all strains.

scholarly journals Relation of Colonial Morphologies of Strain Ac-0119 of Acinetobacter anitratus in a Soft-agar Medium and its Variants to Morphological and Biological Properties

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Masami TAKAHASHI ◽  
Eiichi YOSHIDA ◽  
Shigemi TERAKUBO ◽  
Chizuko SASAKI ◽  
Tomohide YONAHA
Keyword(s):  
Agar Medium ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Biological Properties

Expression of recombinant platelet-derived growth factor A- and B-chain homodimers in rat-1 cells and human fibroblasts reveals differences in protein processing and autocrine effects

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2753-2762
Author(s):  
M Bywater ◽  
F Rorsman ◽  
E Bongcam-Rudloff ◽  
G Mark ◽  
A Hammacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Metabolic Labeling ◽  
High Saturation ◽  
Dimeric Protein ◽  
A Chain

The autocrine effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A- and B-chain homodimers (PDGF-AA and PDGF-BB) on rat-1 cells and human fibroblasts have been investigated by using human PDGF A- and B-chain cDNA clones expressed in a retroviral vector. Infection with replication-defective virus carrying the B-chain cDNA resulted in a phenotypical transformation resembling that induced by simian sarcoma virus. The resulting cells were focus forming in monolayer cultures, grew to high saturation densities, and formed large colonies in soft agar. The PDGF A-chain transfectants showed no transformed morphology and lacked focus-forming activity but grew to high saturation density in monolayer culture and formed small colonies in soft agar. A similar but weaker effect was obtained with an A-chain cDNA variant containing a 69-base-pair insertion in the 3' end of the protein-coding domain. A- and B-chain transfectants released PDGF receptor-competing activity into the medium, but only the medium conditioned by the B-chain transfectants possessed potent mitogenic activity on human fibroblasts. Both types of transfectants had downregulated levels of PDGF receptors; however, the B-chain transfectants were downregulated to significantly lower levels. Metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitations with PDGF antiserum showed that the PDGF B-chain protein was processed to a 24-kilodalton cell-associated and a 30-kilodalton secreted dimeric protein. The A-chain protein was rapidly secreted as a 31-kilodalton dimeric protein. The present study shows a marked difference in the autocrine effects of PDGF-AA and -BB expressed under the control of a retroviral promoter and suggests that different biological properties may be assigned to these two PDGF isoforms.

scholarly journals Amniotic membrane allografts maintain key biological properties post SCCO2 and lyophilization processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-601
Author(s):  
Jennifer S McDaniel ◽  
Jennifer L Wehmeyer ◽  
Lauren E Cornell ◽  
Anthony J Johnson ◽  
David O Zamora
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Specific Storage ◽  
Ecm Proteins ◽  
Corneal Wound ◽  
Processing Techniques

Amniotic membrane (AM) has been shown to enhance corneal wound healing due to the abundance of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins inherent to the tissue. As such, AM has garnered widespread clinical utility as a biological dressing for a number of ophthalmic and soft tissue applications. The preparation, sterilization, and storage procedures used to manufacture AM grafts are extremely important for the conservation of inherent biological components within the membrane. Current processing techniques use harsh chemicals and sterilization agents that can compromise the fundamental wound healing properties of AM. Furthermore, commercially available cryopreserved AM products require specific storage conditions (e.g., ultra-low freezers) thereby limiting their clinical availability in austere environments. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) technology allows for the sterilization of biological tissues without the resulting degradation of integral ECM proteins and other factors often seen with current tissue sterilization processes. With this study we demonstrate that lyophilized AM, sterilized using SCCO2, maintains similar biochemical properties and biocompatibility as that of commercially available AM products requiring specialized cold storage conditions.

scholarly journals Proliferative properties of unfractionated, purified, and single cell human progenitor populations stimulated by recombinant human interleukin-3

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kannourakis ◽  
GR Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Accessory Cell ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Compact Type ◽  
Interleukin 3 ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Abstract In this report, the biological properties of human recombinant interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) were studied. We investigated the range of unfractionated, purified and single cell human progenitors responsive to IL-3; compared the colony types observed with those obtained in the presence of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF). The results show that IL-3 directly stimulates the formation of colonies derived from eosinophil and, to a lesser degree, granulocyte and macrophage progenitors. In combination with erythropoietin, it supports the development of erythroid and mixed-erythroid colonies. Furthermore, the data show that IL-3 is a more potent stimulus for both erythroid and eosinophil progenitors than GM-CSF. Interleukin-3 stimulates the formation of both compact and dispersed colonies derived from eosinophil progenitors, whereas GM-CSF stimulates the formation of only the compact type. We conclude that some of the proliferative effects of IL-3 observed on unfractionated and semipurified bone marrow populations are indirect and most likely involve accessory cell interactions.

scholarly journals Chemical and biochemical properties of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) Ktze. forest soils in the state of São Paulo

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1189-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda de Carvalho ◽  
Fatima Maria de Souza Moreira ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia

Araucaria angustifolia, commonly named Araucaria, is a Brazilian native species that is intensively exploited due to its timber quality. Therefore, Araucaria is on the list of species threatened by extinction. Despite the importance of soil for forest production, little is known about the soil properties of the highly fragmented Araucaria forests. This study was designed to investigate the use of chemical and biological properties as indicators of conservation and anthropogenic disturbance of Araucaria forests in different sampling periods. The research was carried out in two State parks of São Paulo: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto do Ribeira and Parque Estadual de Campos de Jordão. The biochemical properties carbon and nitrogen in microbial biomass (MB-C and MB-N), basal respiration (BR), the metabolic quotient (qCO2) and the following enzyme activities: β-glucosidase, urease, and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA) were evaluated. The sampling period (dry or rainy season) influenced the results of mainly MB-C, MB-N, BR, and qCO2. The chemical and biochemical properties, except K content, were sensitive indicators of differences in the conservation and anthropogenic disturbance stages of Araucaria forests. Although these forests differ in biochemical and chemical properties, they are efficient in energy use and conservation, which is shown by their low qCO2, suggesting an advanced stage of succession.

scholarly journals Genetically encoded fluorescent tags

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 848-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt Thorn
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Protein Abundance ◽  
Fluorescent Tags ◽  
Exogenous Fluorophores

Genetically encoded fluorescent tags are protein sequences that can be fused to a protein of interest to render it fluorescent. These tags have revolutionized cell biology by allowing nearly any protein to be imaged by light microscopy at submicrometer spatial resolution and subsecond time resolution in a live cell or organism. They can also be used to measure protein abundance in thousands to millions of cells using flow cytometry. Here I provide an introduction to the different genetic tags available, including both intrinsically fluorescent proteins and proteins that derive their fluorescence from binding of either endogenous or exogenous fluorophores. I discuss their optical and biological properties and guidelines for choosing appropriate tags for an experiment. Tools for tagging nucleic acid sequences and reporter molecules that detect the presence of different biomolecules are also briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Demonstration of the capsular antigens of bovine group B streptococci by the serum-soft agar method

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
J A Kane ◽  
A E Rabkin ◽  
W W Karakawa
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Compact Type ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Group B ◽  
Capsular Antigens ◽  
Capsular Material

The elaboration of type-specific capsular antigens by group B streptococci can be demonstrated by the serum-soft agar technique. Group B streptococci isolated from bovine mastitis, namely, strains 9F, 14Mi, 8Mo, 44B, and 4S, were shown to form diffuse and compact types of colony morphology in serum-soft agar. Immunochemical and chemical analyses of antigens isolated from diffuse and compact colonies of strain 9F indicated that the diffuse-type growth of this strain was due to the elaboration of a galactose-rich surface antigen, whereas the compact 9F strain was devoid of this antigen. Specific 9F antiserum was effective in converting the diffuse 9F colonies of the compact type, indicating the presence of capsular material. Preliminary evidence suggests that the serum-soft agar technique could also be used to determine the antigenic diversity of the surface antigens of group B streptococci, thus providing an effective means of typing those organisms.

scholarly journals Safety profiling of genetically engineered Pim-1 kinase overexpression for oncogenicity risk in human c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Broughton ◽  
Kelli Korski ◽  
Oscar Echeagaray ◽  
Robert Adamson ◽  
Walter Dembitsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Myocardial Repair

AbstractAdvanced approaches to stem cell-based therapies is necessary for myocardial regenerative therapy because treatments have yielded modest results in the clinic. Our group previously demonstrated genetic modification of cardiac stem cells with Pim-1 kinase overexpression rejuvenated aged cells and potentiated myocardial repair. Despite these encouraging findings, concerns were raised regarding oncogenic risk associated with Pim-1 kinase overexpression. Testing of these c-kit+ cardiac interstitial cells (cCICs), derived from heart failure patient samples, overexpressing Pim-1 (cCICs-Pim-1) for indices of oncogenic risk was assessed by soft agar colony formation, micronucleation, gamma-Histone 2AX foci, and transcriptome profiling. Collectively, findings demonstrate comparable phenotypic and biological properties of cCICsPim-1 compared to baseline control cCICs with no evidence for oncogenic phenotype. Using a highly-selective and continuous sensor for quantitative assessment of PIM1 kinase activity, a 7-fold increase in cCICs-Pim-1 versus cCICs resulted. Kinase activity was elevated in IKKs, AKT/SGK, CDK1-3, p38, and ERK1/2 in addition to Pim-1, correlating Pim-1 overexpression to contribute to Pim-1-mediated effects. Enhancement of cellular survival, proliferation, and other beneficial properties to augment stem cell-mediated repair without oncogenic risk is a feasible, logical, and safe approach to improve efficacy and overcome current limitations inherent to cellular adoptive transfer therapeutic interventions.

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