The metabolism of carbohydrates by extremely halophilic bacteria: identification of galactonic acid as a product of galactose metabolism

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1191-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence I. Hochstein ◽  
B. P. Dalton ◽  
Glenn Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Halophilic Bacteria ◽  
Halophilic Bacterium ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Galactose Metabolism ◽  
Bacteria Identification ◽  
Ester Derivative ◽  
As If

Cell-free extracts prepared from the extremely halophilic bacterium Halobacterium saccharovorum oxidize galactose and accumulate a product which reacts as if it were a lactone. The product does not act as a reducing sugar and contains all six of the carbon atoms initially present in galactose. The product was judged to be galactonic acid, based on the behavior of the acetylmethyl ester derivative of the product and the pentaacetyl derivative of the galactonic methyl ester during gas chromatography.

Branched-chain dicationic ionic liquids for fatty acid methyl ester assessment by gas chromatography

2017 ◽  
Vol 410 (19) ◽  
pp. 4633-4643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Talebi ◽  
Rahul A. Patil ◽  
Leonard M. Sidisky ◽  
Alain Berthod ◽  
Daniel W. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Dicationic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Branched Chain

Identification of Methyl Ester Content from Waste Cooking Oil Using Gas Chromatographic Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Nor Hazwani Abdullah ◽  
Sulaiman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Acid Methyl

Waste cooking oil has always been an environment problem in food factories and one method of effect disposing this oil without effecting the environment is to convert it to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) using small scale pilot plant. The conversion of waste cooking oil with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst in conversional process at 22kHz speed. The reaction of time, molar ratio, speed, catalyst and amount of catalyst will be effect in FAME quality. The quality of biodiesel define is total ester content using gas chromatography. Gas chromatography analysis is a one of technique for identification and quantitation of compounds in a biodiesel sample. From biodiesel sample can identification of contaminants and fatty acid methyl ester. In this research biodiesel sample were analyses using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector ( Perkin Elmer GC Model Clarus 500) equipped with a DB-5 HT capillary column ( 0.53mm x 5 m) J&W Scientific. The analytic conditions for ester content were as follow by: column temperature used 2100C, temperature flame ionization detector (FID) of 2500C, pressure of 80kPa, flow carrier gas of 1ml/min, temperature injector of 2500C, split flow rate of 50ml/min, time for analysis 20 minute and volume injected of 1 μl. The ester content (C), expresses as a mass fraction in present using formula (EN 14103, 2003a) calculation. Conversion of triglyceride (TG) to FAME using conversional process obtained 96.54 % w.t with methanol to oil molar ratio 6:1, 1%w.t acid sulphuric and 1% w.t sodium hydroxide catalyst.

Pretreatment of Cocoa Waste for Bioethanol Production Using Ionic Liquid

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Idi ◽  
Madihah Md. Salleh ◽  
Zaharah Ibrahim ◽  
Shaza Eva Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Ionic Liquid Pretreatment ◽  
Naoh Pretreatment ◽  
Biomass Loss

One of the major advantages of biofuel over fossil fuel is that it is environmentally friendly but unfortunately most of the chemicals used in the pretreatment of lignocelluloses biomass to produce biofuel can cause adverse effects to the environment. In this study, ionic liquid was used for the pretreatment of cocoa waste. Its effectiveness in the treatment process was compared to the alkalis and acids used in the conventional pretreatment media. The effectiveness of pretreatment using ionic liquid, H2SO4 and NaOH was based on the reduction of biomass, production of reducing sugar and also bioethanol. Ionic liquid pretreatment was found to show minimal biomass loss of only 31% after pretreatment compared to H2SO4 and NaOH which showed loss of 61% and 79% respectively. The untreated biomass has 10% amount of cellulose but upon pretreatment with ionic liquid, H2SO4 and NaOH, significant amount of cellulose was detected compared to NaOH which produced only 7% of cellulose. Two types of yeasts were also isolated from Malaysian local fermented food, the tapai ubi which were tested for the abilities to ferment the reducing sugar produced. Using the DNS method for determining reducing sugar, ionic liquid pretreatment was shown to produce 6.3×10–2g/L of reducing sugar while the untreated, H2SO4 and NaOH pretreatment produced 2.87×10–2g/L, 7.4×10–2g/L and 3.37×10–2g/L respectively at the end of 24 hours of incubation. Bioethanol produced during the fermentation was analysed using gas chromatography. Ionic liquid produced a total of 7.885g/L, H2SO4 produced 7.911g/L NaOH produced 6.824g/L and untreated cocoa waste produced 5.116g/L of ethanol at the end of 24 hours incubation.

Distinguishing Between One-Day-Old Cod (Gadus morhua) and Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Eggs by Gas Chromatography and SIMCA Pattern Recognition

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1823-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Knutsen ◽  
E. Moksnes ◽  
N. B. Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Melanogrammus Aeglefinus ◽  
One Step ◽  
High Resolution Gas Chromatography ◽  
Haddock Melanogrammus Aeglefinus

Single cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) eggs were acid hydrolized. All the fatty acids were liberated and converted to methyl ester in a one-step reaction. The nonpolar hexane extract was analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC). Selected peaks, occurring in both types of samples and in all chromatograms, were used to create a matrix for multivariate analysis. We conclude that cod and haddock eggs can be distinguished using this method.

scholarly journals Correction to: Branched-chain dicationic ionic liquids for fatty acid methyl ester assessment by gas chromatography

2018 ◽  
Vol 410 (19) ◽  
pp. 4763-4764
Author(s):  
Mohsen Talebi ◽  
Rahul A. Patil ◽  
Leonard M. Sidisky ◽  
Alain Berthod ◽  
Daniel W. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Dicationic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Branched Chain

scholarly journals Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Detergent Based on Crude Palm Oil and Titania Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2394-2396
Author(s):  
P.P. Wulandari ◽  
M.T. Adiwibowo ◽  
A.S. Redjeki ◽  
M. Ibadurrohman ◽  
Slamet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Tension Analysis

In this work, we report the synthesis of eco-friendly detergent from crude palm oil and titania. Crude palm oil was converted into methyl ester sulfonate through esterification, transesterification and followed by sulfonation process. As-produced methyl ester sulfonate was characterized with Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LCMS) and surface tension analysis. Detergents were synthesized by dispersing titania nanoparticles into methyl ester sulfonate solution, forming a nanofluid. Stability and detergency of the nanofluidic detergents were then evaluated. The results showed that the nanofluid detergents were stable in the presence of 0.1 wt % titania and the photocatalytic activity of titania nanoparticles improved the ability of nanofluidic detergents to remove dirt as well as degrading the surfactant residues in the laundry waste stream.

Reduced variation of tracer binding in digoxin radioimmunoassay by use of (125I)-labeled tyrosine-methyl-ester derivative: relation of thyroxine concentration to binding.

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1732-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
B H Kroening ◽  
M Weintraub
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Methyl Ester Derivative ◽  
Ester Derivative ◽  
Free Serum ◽  
Digoxin Radioimmunoassay

Abstract Between-sample variation in tracer binding in the 125I-labeled digoxin radioimmunoassay was investigated with two tracers, 3-O-succinyl-digoxigenin-[125I]-labeled tyrosine and [125I]-labeled tyrosine-methyl-ester-digoxin. Digoxin-free serum samples having various concentrations of thyroxine were assayed with both tracers. The percentage of tracer bound when the samples were assayed with the first-mentioned tracer was increased significantly for the low thyroxine groups when compared to the normal (P less than 0.001) or the high thyroxine groups (P less than 0.05). Little difference existed when the latter tracer was used. There was variation in tracer binding when serum from dogs dosed with thyrotropin was assayed with the first tracer, but there was little variation with the second. Tracer binding may be influenced by thyroxine-binding proteins. Variation in tracer binding appears to be reduced when [125I]-labeled tyrosine-methyl-ester-digoxin is used.

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